Preview of United States Supreme Court Cases

"Brief for Alliance Defending Freedom in Support of Respondent"
 

"Brief for Alliance of Inventor Groups in Support of Petitioner"
 

"Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party"
 

"Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association Supporting Neither Party"
 

"Brief for Askeladden LLC in Support of Respondents"
 

"Brief for Border Scholars in Support of Petitioners"
 

"Brief for Certain Members Of Congress in Support of Neither Party"
 

"Brief for Chicago Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party"
 

"Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioners"
 

"Brief for Constitutional Law Professors in Support of Respondent"
 

"Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Petitioners"
 

"Brief for Cook Medical LLC in Support of Respondents"
 

"Brief for Eleven Law Professors as in Support of Petitioners"
 

"Brief for Former Officials of U.S. Customs and Border Protection Agency in Support of Petitioners"
 

"Brief for Former Police Chiefs in Support of Petitioners"
 

"Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party"
 

"Brief for Johnson & Johnson and Cordis Corporation in Support of Respondent"
 

"Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner"
 

"Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner"
 

"Brief for Legal Historians in Support of Petitioners"
 

"Brief for Medinol Ltd. in Support of Petitioner"
 

"Brief for Native American Organizations In Support Of Petitioner"
 

"Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent"
 

"Brief for Petitioner Lee"
 

"Brief for Petitioner"
 

"Brief for Professor Gregory C. Sisk in Support of Neither Party"
 

"Brief for Public Knowledge in Support of Neither Party"
 

"Brief for Respondent"
 

"Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner"
 

"Brief for The American Bar Association Supporting Neither Party"
 

"Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Respondent"
 

"Brief for the Government of the United Mexican States in Support of Petitioners"
 

"Brief for the New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party"
 

"Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent"
 

"Brief of the Electric Frontier Foundation and Public Knowledge in Support of Respon"
 

Addendum to Motion to File the Joint Appendix Pursuant to Rule 33.2 (for Leave to File One Volume under Seal) Filed. (November 13, 2019)
 

Amended Brief of Child Protective Service Workers and Their Representatives as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Amended Unopposed Motion for Leave to File Joint Appendix - Volume III under Seal
 

Amici Curiae Brief for the Libertarian Party of Ohio and the Center for Competitive Democracy in Support of Respondents
 

Amici Curiae Brief of American Historical Association, et al.
 

Amici Curiae Brief of Bankruptcy Law Professors Ralph Brubaker, Bruce A. Markell, Charles, W. Mooney, Jr., and Mark J. Roe in Support of Respondent
 

Amici Curiae Brief of Empirical Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Amici Curiae Brief of Former Executive Branch Officials and Leaders including Chairs, Commissioners, and General Counsel from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, et al., in Support of the Employees
 

Amici Curiae Brief of International Law Scholars and Nongovernmental Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Amici Curiae Brief of Professors of Federal Courts Jurisprudence, Constitutional Law, and Immigration Law in Support of Respondents
 

Amici Curiae Brief of Scholars Who Study the LGB Population in Support of the Employees
 

Amici Curiae Brief of Scholars Who Study the Transgender Population in Support of Respondent Aimee Stephens
 

Amici Curiae Brief of the Alliance for Community Media, et al.
 

Amici Curiae Brief of the American Academy of Pediatrics, California, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American Medical Women's Association, the American Nurses AssociationCalifornia, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, the Association of Reproductive Health Professionals, the California Medical Association, the National Abortion Federation, the National Perinatal Association, and the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine in Support of Respondents
 

Amici Curiae Brief of the American Center for Law & Justice, Livingwell Medical Clinic, Inc., Pregnancy Care Center of the North Coast, Inc., and Confidence Pregnancy Center, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Amici Curiae Brief of the National League of Cities, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Amici Curiae Brief of the U.S. Alcohol Policy Alliance, et al.
 

Amici Curiae Brief on Behalf of Isa Nichols, et al., in Support of Respondent
 

Amicus Brief for American Bar Association in Support of Respondents
 

Amicus Brief of Advancing American Freedom Submitted
 

Amicus Brief of America First Legal Foundation Submitted
 

Amicus Brief of Association of Credit & Collection Professionals (ACA) Submitted.
 

Amicus Brief of Boulder County, San Miguel County, and the City of Boulder, Colorado Submitted.
 

Amicus Brief of Center for Immigration Studies Submitted
 

Amicus Brief of Citizens Equal Rights Foundation Submitted.
 

Amicus Brief of Floyd Abrams Institute for Freedom of Expression
 

Amicus Brief of Free Speech Advocates in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Brief of George A. Bermann, Robert H. Smit, D. Brian King, Ruth Teitelbaum, and Lucas Bent Submitted.
 

Amicus Brief of Gregorio Igartua Submitted.
 

Amicus Brief of Immigration Reform Law Institute Submitted
 

Amicus Brief of Immigration Reform Law Institute Submitted
 

Amicus Brief of Landmark Legal Foundation Submitted
 

Amicus Brief of Legal League 100 in Support of Respondents
 

Amicus Brief of Mathematicians, Law Professors, and Students
 

Amicus Brief of Mathematicians, Law Professors, and Students
 

Amicus Brief of Rev. Patrick Mahoney and Free Speech Advocates in Support of Petitioners
 

Amicus Brief of Robin Pierucci, M.D., and Life Legal Defense Foundation Submitted.
 

Amicus Brief of Save Jobs USA and the Washington Alliance of Technology Workers in Support of Petitioners
 

Amicus Brief of Small and Mid-Size Cocoa and Chocolate Companies Submitted.
 

Amicus Brief of States of Indiana, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, and West Virginia submitted
 

Amicus Brief of Sue Wilson, Media Action Center Submitted.
 

Amicus Brief of the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Brief of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Amicus Brief of Victims of Illegal Alien Crime Submitted
 

Amicus Curaie Brief for the National Consumer Law Center
 

Amicus Curiae Brief for National District Attorneys Association in Support of Respondent
 

Amicus Curiae Brief for of National Consumer Law Center, et al.
 

Amicus Curiae Brief for the National Consumer Law Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief from Prominent Current and Former State Executive and Judicial Officers, Law Professors, and the OCDLA, in Support of the Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of 36 Appellate Lawyers Supporting Respondents
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Ahtna, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of American Catalog Mailers Association in Opposition to the Petition
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of American Catalog Mailers Association Supporting Respondents
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Anthony Michael Sabino in Support of Petitioners
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Anthony Michael Sabino Supporting the First Circuit's Ruling on the Appointments Clause Issue
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Four United States Senators in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Gregory J. Hartnett, Elizabeth M. Galaska, Robert G. Brough, Jr., and John M. Cress in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Jane Ladley and Christopher Meier in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Kenneth O. Simon
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Law Professor Stephen Yelderman in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Maryland Crime Victims' Resource Center Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Maryland Crime Victims' Resource Center, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of NCTA - The Internet & Television Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Pregnancy Care Centers in Texas in Support of Petitioners
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Procedural and Corporate Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Professor James W. Ely, Jr. and Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Professors and Historians Submitted
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Ryan T. Anderson, Ph.D., and African-American and Civil Rights Leaders in Support of Petitioners
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Security People, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of the American Center for Law & Justice
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of the Association of Amicus Counsel, Infotech Law Offices, Isshiki & Co., and Law Offices of Hiraide & Takahashi in Support of Respondent
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of the Institute for Free Speech
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of the Institute for Free Speech in Support of Petitioners
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of the International Trademark Association
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of the Michigan Creditors Bar Association
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Thomas More Law Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Transgender Law Center, et al., in Support of Respondent Aimee Stephens and Affirmance
 

Amicus Curiae Brief of Wyoming Stock Growers Association, et al.
 

Amicus Curiae the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty's Motion for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

and William C. Velasquez InstituteBrief for Professors Clayton P. Gillette and David A. Skeel, Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Appellants'?? Motion for Leave to File a Supplemental Brief and Appellants'?? Supplemental Brief Describing Post-Argument Legislative Developments
 

Appellees' Joint Motion for Divided Argument and Enlargement of Argument Time
 

Appendix
 

Application (17A1210) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from May 23, 2018 to July 20, 2018, Submitted to Justice Gorsuch.
 

Application (17A1393) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from July 4, 2018 to August 3, 2018, Submitted to Justice Ginsburg.
 

Application (17A550) for a Stay Pending Appeal, Submitted to Justice Kennedy.
 

Application (17A680) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from January 1, 2018 to March 2, 2018, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (17A824) for Leave to File the Brief of Petitioners, Brief of Respondents, and the Reply Brief on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limits, Submitted to Justice Kennedy.
 

Application (17A872) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from March 29, 2018 to April 30, 2018, Submitted to Justice Kennedy.
 

Application (18A1117) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from May 13, 2019 to June 12, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (18A1135) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from May 15, 2019 to June 14, 2019, Submitted to Justice Ginsburg.
 

Application (18A1168) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from May 23, 2019 to June 22, 2019, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (18A1181) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from May 26, 2019 to June 25, 2019, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (18A1182) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from May 26, 2019 to June 25, 2019, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (18A1192) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from July 16, 2019 to September 14, 2019, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (18A1224) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from June 27, 2019 to August 26, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (18A1257) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from June 10, 2019 to July 10, 2019, submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (18A1268) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from June 27, 2019 to August 26, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (18A130) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from September 6, 2018 to October 8, 2018, Submitted to Justice Gorsuch.
 

Application (18A161) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from August 13, 2018 to October 12, 2018, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (18A20) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from July 26, 2018 to August 27, 2018, Submitted to Justice Kennedy.
 

Application (18A417) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from November 26, 2018 to January 25, 2019, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (18A485) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from November 14, 2018 to December 14, 2018, Submitted to the Chief Justice.
 

Application (18A580) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from January 21, 2019 to February 21, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (18A598) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from January 17, 2019 to March 4, 2019, Submitted to Justice Thomas.
 

Application (18A600) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from December 18, 2018 to February 15, 2019, Submitted to Justice Ginsburg.
 

Application (18A774) for a Stay Pending the Filing and Disposition of a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (18A840) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from February 27, 2019 to March 29, 2019, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (18A958) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from April 3, 2019 to May 31, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (19A1027) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from April 16, 2020 to June 15, 2020, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (19A1029) of Petitioner to Extend the Time to File a Reply Brief on the Merits from April 3, 2020 to April 8, 2020, Submitted to Justice Kavanaugh.
 

Application (19A103) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from August 19, 2019 to September 18, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (19A118) for a Stay Pending the Filing and Disposition of a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (19A138) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from August 21, 2019 to October 20, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (19A184) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from August 26, 2019 to September 25, 2019, Submitted to Justice Sotomayor.
 

Application (19A185) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from August 28, 2019 to September 27, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (19A252) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from September 18, 2019 to October 18, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (19A271) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from September 19, 2019 to October 21, 2019, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (19A440) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from November 26, 2019 to January 3, 2020, Submitted to Justice Sotomayor.
 

Application (19A45) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from July 31, 2019 to August 30, 2019, Submitted to Justice Sotomayor.
 

Application (19A461) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from December 3, 2019 to January 31, 2020, Submitted to Justice Thomas.
 

Application (19A545) for a Stay of Mandate Pending the Filing and Disposition of a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (19A57) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from August 5, 2019 to October 4, 2019, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (19A640) to Recall and Stay Mandate Pending the Filing and Disposition of a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari, Submitted to Justice Ginsburg.
 

Application (19A773) to File a Consolidated Petitioners' Brief on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limit, and a Consolidated Reply Brief on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limit, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (19A781) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from January 20, 2020 to February 19, 2020, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (19A80) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from July 29, 2019 to August 28, 2019, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (19A836) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from February 3, 2020 to March 4, 2020, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (19A861) of the Solicitor General and the Muscogee Creek Nation to File Briefs as Amicus Curiae in Excess of the Word Limit, Submitted to Justice Sotomayor.
 

Application (19A862) to File a Consolidated Respondents' Brief on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limit, Submitted to The Chief Justice. VIDED
 

Application (19A879) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from February 18, 2020 to March 19, 2020, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (19A889) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from February 18, 2020 to March 19, 2020, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (19A894) of Presidential Electors to File a Consolidated Opening Brief on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limit, Submitted to Justice Sotomayor.
 

Application (20A116) to Recall and Stay Mandate, Submitted to Justice Kavanaugh.
 

Application (20A145) to Extend the Time to File the Reply Briefs on the Merits from 2 p.m., March 19, 2021 to 2 p.m., March 21, 2021, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (20A16) of Committees of U.S. House of Representatives for an Order to Issue the Judgment Forthwith, Submitted to The Chief Justice.
 

Application (20A17) of Cyrus R. Vance, Jr., in His Official Capacity as District Attorney of the County of New York, for an Order to Issue the Judgment Forthwith, Submitted to the Chief Justice
 

Application (21A17) to Extend the Time to File the Reply Brief on the Merits from August 25, 2021 to September 8, 2021, Submitted to Justice Kavanaugh.
 

Application (21A220) to Issue the Judgment Forthwith, Submitted to Justice Gorsuch.
 

Application (21A27) to File a Response Brief on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limit, Submitted to Justice Kagan
 

Application (21A33) for a Stay of Execution of Sentence of Death, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (21A6) to File the Response and Reply Briefs on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limits, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (21A712) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from June 22, 2022 to August 10, 2022, Submitted to Justice Kavanaugh
 

Application (21A74) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from October 27, 2021 to December 13, 2021, Submitted to Justice Kavanaugh.
 

Application (21A80) for a Stay, Submitted to Justice Kavanaugh.
 

Application (21A85) to Vacate Stay, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (21A98) to Extend the Time to File a Reply Brief on the Merits from October 29, 2021 to November 2, 2021, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (22A438) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from December 14, 2022 to January 13, 2023, Submitted to Justice Sotomayor.
 

Application (22A453) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from November 27, 2022 to December 28, 2022, Submitted to Justice Alito
 

Application (22A540) to Extend the Time to File a Reply Brief on the Merits from December 30, 2022 to January 3, 2023, Submitted to Justice Jackson.
 

Application (22A544) for a Stay, Submitted to the Chief Justice
 

Application (22A6) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from August 8, 2022 to September 7, 2022, Submitted to Justice Alito.
 

Application (22A702) of the Parties to File Consolidated Briefs on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limits, submitted to Justice Barrett.
 

Application (22A91) for a Stay, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (22A92) for a Stay, Submitted to Justice Kagan.
 

Application (22A920) to Extend the Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari from April 27, 2023 to May 30, 2023, Submitted to Justice Sotomayor
 

Application for a Stay of Execution of Sentence of Death
 

Application for a Stay of Execution to the Honorable Neil M. Gorsuch, as Circuit Justice
 

Application for a Stay of Proceedings Pending a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Application for an Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the Supreme Court of the State of Kansas
 

Application for an Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit
 

Application for an Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
 

Application for an Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
 

Application for an Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
 

Application for an Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
 

Application for an Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
 

Application for an Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
 

Application for an Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
 

Application for Extension of Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorar to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
 

Application for Extension of Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Application for Extension of Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Application for Extension of Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals
 

Application for Extension of Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the South Carolina Supreme Court
 

Application for Extension of Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Court
 

Application for Extension of Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
 

Application for Extension of Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
 

Application for Extension of Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Courts of Appeals for the First Circuit
 

Application for Extension of Time within Which to File a Petition for Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
 

Application for Issuance of a Copy of the Opinion and Certified Copy of the Judgment Forthwith
 

Application for Leave to Exceed Word Limits of Peter Bret Chiafalo, et al. Submitted.
 

Application of Petitioner to File Consolidated Opening and Reply Briefs on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limits, Submitted to the Chief Justice
 

Application to Extend Time to File a Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Application to Recall and Stay Mandate Pending the Filing and Disposition of a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Application to the Honorable Justice Samuel A. Alito, Jr. as Circuit Justice
 

Are Disparate Impact Claims Cognizable Under The Fair Housing Act: Texas Department Of Housing And Community Affairs V. Inclusive Communities Project
 

Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO) as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petition
 

Brie for Former U.S. Attorneys in Support of Respondents
 

Brief (Supplemental) for Australian International Law Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief (Supplemental) for BP America, Caterpillar, Conoco Phillips, General Electric, Honeywell, International Business Machines, and Monsanto in Support of Respondent
 

Brief (Supplemental) for Former United States Government Counterterrorism and Human Rights Officials in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief (Supplemental) for German Institute for Human Rights and International Law Experts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief (Supplemental) for International Law Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief (Supplemental) for KBR, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief (Supplemental) for Navi Pillay, The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief (Supplemental) for OTP Bank in Support of Respondents
 

Brief (Supplemental) for Professors Anthony J. Bellia Jr. and Bradford R. Clark in Support of Respondents
 

Brief (Supplemental) for Professors of International Law, Foreign Relations Law and Federal Jurisdiction in Support of Respondent
 

Brief (Supplemental) for Professors of Legal History, Casto, Donahue, Gordon, Hussain, Katz, Lobban, Martinez, Oldham, and Slaughter in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief (Supplemental) for Rio Tinto Group in Support of Respondent
 

Brief (Supplemental) for South African Jurists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief (Supplemental) for the Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief (Supplemental) for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief (Supplemental) for US-China Law Society in Support of Respondent
 

Brief (Supplemental) for Yale Law School Center for Global Legal Challenges in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief (Supplemental) of Chevron Corporation, Dole Food Company, Dow Chemical Company, Ford Motor Company, Glaxosmithkline Plc, and the Procter & Gamble Company in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Altera Corporation, HTC Corporation, HTC America, Inc., Smugmug, Inc. and Weatherford International in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Political Science Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae for Illinois, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae for of States of Nebraska, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Montana, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming, and Paul R. LePage, Governor of Maine
 

Brief Amici Curiae for the Cato Institute and Professor Gregory Dolin
 

Brief Amici Curiae for the States of Oregon, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents for the Members of the Southern Virginia Delegation to the Virginia General Assembly, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of "On-Demand" Technology Platforms
 

Brief Amici Curiae of "Texas Two-Step" Victims
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 1,246 American Social Science Researchers and Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 10 Veterans
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 109 United States Senators and Members of the United States House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 116 Law Librarians and 5 Law Library Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 119 Law Students, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 123 Victims of Terrorist Attacks
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 128 Current and Former Prosecutors and Law Enforcement Leaders, et al. Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 128 Current and Former Prosecutors and Law Enforcement Leaders, et al. Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 128 U.S. Representatives, including 25 Members of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 131 Current and Former State Legislators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 132 Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 139 Members of the United States House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 14 Professors of Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 15 Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 161 Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 18 Former Federal Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 18 States and the District of Columbia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 180 Indian Tribes and 35 Tribal Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 186 Members of the United States Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 190 Bipartisan Elected Officials, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 197 Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 2,556 Operation Outcry Women Hurt by Abortion and the Justice Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 206 Businesses Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 21 Cities, Counties, and Local Government Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 21 Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 22 Cities and Counties
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 22 State Policy Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 23 Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 24 Family Policy Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 24 Family Policy Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 24 States and the District of Columbia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 25 Cities and Counties
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 25 Diverse, California-Focused Bar Associations, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 27 Election Law, Scientific Evidence, and Empirical Legal Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 27 Roman Catholic Lay Persons Supporting Respondents
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 30 Trademark Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 36 Computational Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 36 State and Regional Hospital Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 37 State and Regional Hospital Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 375 Women Injured by Second and Third Trimester Late Term Abortions and Abortion Recovery Leaders
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 375 Women Injured by Second and Third Trimester Late Term Abortions and Melinda Thybault, Individually and Acting on Behalf of 336,214 Signers of the Moral Outcry Petition
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 39 Aggrieved Inventors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 39 Law Students, 24 Solo and Small-Firm Practitioners of Law, and 38 Legal Educators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 410 Texas Women Injured by Abortion, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 44 Counties, Cities, and Towns and California State Association of Counties Filed. (in 19-840)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 44 United States Senators and Members of the House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 45 Intellectual Property Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 47 Members of the United States Senate
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 470 Victims of Terrorist Attacks
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 50 Religious Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 60 Immigration Advocacy, Human Rights, and Legal Services Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 61 Immigration Advocacy and Legal Service Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 65 Professors of Law, Business, Economics, and Sports Management
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 67 Religious Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 7 Veterans
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 76 United States Senators and Members of the House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 81 Wine Consumers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 84 United States Senators and Members of the United States House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 90 State and Local Nonprofit Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 92 Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of 92 Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP and AARP Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP and AARP Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP and AARP Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP and AARP Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP and AARP Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP and AARP Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP and AARP Foundation Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP, AARP Foundation and NELA Supporting Respondents and Urging Affirmance
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP, AARP Foundation, and National Consumer Law Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP, AARP Foundation, Justice in Aging, National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AARP, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AASA, the School Superintendents Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of ABC Television Affiliates Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of ACA International
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Academics for the Second Amendment
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Academy of Adoption and Assisted Reproduction Attorneys, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Acadiana Management Group, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Acadiana Management Group, LLC, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Access Now, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of ACLU, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of ACLU, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Acushnet Company and Roger Cleveland Golf Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Administrative and Immigration Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Administrative Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Administrative Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Administrative Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Administrative Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Administrative Law Scholars (Sept. 12, 2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Administrative Law, Constitutional Law, and Federal Courts Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Administrative, Constitutional & Intellectual Property Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Admissions and Testing Professionals
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Advanced Medical Technology Association, Biotechnology Innovation Organization, and Members of the Medical Information Working Group
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Advancement Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Advancement Project, Juvenile Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Advancing American Freedom and Faith & Freedom Coalition
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Advancing American Freedom, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Advancing American Freedom, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Advocates for Children of New York, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of African American Antitrust Lawyers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of African American, Hispanic, Roman Catholic and Protestant Religious and Civil Rights Organizations and Leaders
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Agricultural and Resource Economics Professors in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of AI Now Institute at New York University, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Airlines for America
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alabama Captive Insurance Association, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alabama Center for Law and Liberty and Constitutional Attorneys
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alabama Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alabama, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alameda County Public Defender, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alan B. Morrison & Darien Shanske in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alan Brownstein, Melissa Rogers, and Rabbi David Saperstein
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alaska Native Subsistence Users
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alaskan Leader Fisheries LLC, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alliance Defending Freedom
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alliance Defending Freedom and Christian Legal Society
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alliance Defending Freedom, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alliance of Community Health Plans and Association for Community Affiliated Plans
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alliance of Marine Mammal Parks & Aquariums, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alliance of Marine Mammal Parks & Aquariums, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Alliance of U.S. Startups and Inventors for Jobs (USIJ), et al. (1/5/2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of America's Future, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of America's Future, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Apparel & Footwear Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Association for Justice & Public Justice
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Association for Justice and Florida Justice Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Association for Justice and Public Justice, P.C.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists and Other Advocates for Holocaust Restitution
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists and Other Advocates for Holocaust Restitution
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Association of Pro-Life Obstetricians & Gynecologists, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Atheists, Center for Inquiry, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Bankers Association, American Association of Bank Directors, and Bank Policy Institute Filed. (Distributed)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Bankers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Board of Forensic Toxicology, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Cancer Society et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Center for Law & Justice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union and ACLU of the District of Columbia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union and American Civil Liberties Union of Massachusetts
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union and Counsel for Ammar al Baluchi
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union and Fourteen Affiliates
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of New Mexico, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al. Filed. (March 18, 2020)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, American Civil Liberties Union of Alabama, Cato Institute, and Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, American Civil Liberties Union of Massachusetts, Inc., National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, and the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al. Filed (Mar. 8, 2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Conservative Union & ACU Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Council on Education and 17 Other Higher Education Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Council on Education and Ten Other Higher Education Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Craft Spirits Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Educational Research Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Exploration & Production Council, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Exploration and Mining Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Farm Bureau Federation, National Cattlemen's Beef Association and CATL Fund
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Federation of Teachers, et al. (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Federation of Teachers, et al.(Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Forest Resource Council et al
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Forest Resource Council et al
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Forest Resource Council, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Forest Resource Council, et al. Filed (December 9, 2019)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Health Care Association and Indiana Health Care Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Health Care Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Hospital Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Immigration Council, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Immigration Council, et al. Filed. (Dec. 15, 2020)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Immigration Lawyers Association and National Immigrant Justice Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Immigration Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Immigration Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Immigration Lawyers Association, the American Immigration Council, Legal Services Providers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American International Group, Inc. et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Jewish Committee and United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Legislative Exchange Council, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Library Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Medical Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Petroleum Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Society for Testing and Materials, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Society of Media Photographers and California Society of Entertainment Lawyers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Society of Media Photographers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of American Statistical Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Americans for Prosperity and Yes. Every Kid.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation and Advancing Freedom (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation and Advancing Freedom (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation and TechFreedom Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation and the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation and yes. every kid.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Amicus First Amendment Clinics, Citizens and Journalists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Amnesty International USA, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Andrew D. Lockton and McHale & Slavin, P.A.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Andrew Rosenberg, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Anthony Daunt and Norman Shinkle
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Anti-Defamation League, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Anti-Defamation League, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Anti-Discrimination Scholars Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Anti-Terrorism Act Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Antitrust Economists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Antitrust Economists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Antitrust Law And Business School Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Antitrust Law And Business School Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Antitrust Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arbitrators, Arbitration Practitioners, and Arbitration Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Archbishop Jerome E. Listecki and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milwaukee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona Capital Representation Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona Capital Representation Project, et al. Filed (to Be Recovered). (Distributed). Recovered Brief Distributed 10/26/21.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona Voice for Crime Victims, Inc., and Melissa Sanders
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, Connecticut, and 30 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arkansas Pharmacists Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arkansas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Arnold Ventures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Art Institute of Chicago, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Art Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Artists, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Asian American Coalition for Education and the Asian American Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Asian Americans Advancing Justice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Asian Americans Advancing Justice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Asian Americans Advancing Justice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Asian Americans Advancing Justice-Asian Law Caucus, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Asian-Americans Advancing Justice-Asian Law Caucus, et al. Filed (also in 19-896).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Asian-Americans Advancing Justice-Asian Law Caucus, et al. Filed (also in 20-322)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Asma T. Uddin and Steven T. Collis
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Associated Industries of Florida and Florida H2O Coalition
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Association des Eleveurs de Canards et d'Oies du Quebec, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Association of American Medical Colleges, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Association of American Physicians and Surgeons and Jeffrey A. Singer, M.D. Filed (in 20-1410).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Association of American Railroads and National Railway Labor Conference
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Association of California Water Agencies, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Association of University Technology Managers, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Asylum Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of At-Sea Processors Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of At-Sea Processors Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation and Cato Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Attorney General of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Attorneys General of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Authors Alliance and ComicMix
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Authors and Educators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Authors Guild and Other Artists' Rights Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Authors Guild, Inc., et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Auto Care Association and Static Control Components, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of B'nai B'rith International, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bankruptcy Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bankruptcy Law Professors (Oct. 4, 2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bankruptcy Law Professors Ralph Brubaker, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Barbara Kruger and Robert Storr
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bay Colony Weapons Collectors, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bernard Grofman and Ronald Keith Gaddie in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bernard Grofman and Ronald Keith Gaddie in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Better Markets, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Billy Graham Evangelical Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, et al,. in Support of the Employers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of BIMCO (Formerly the Baltic and International Maritime Council), et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bipartisan Economic Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bipartisan Former Department of Justice Officials and Former Federal Prosecutors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bipartisan Former Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bipartisan Former Officials of the Department of Homeland Security and the Immigration and Naturalization Service
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bipartisan Group of Current and Former Members of the House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bipartisan Group of Current and Former Members of the House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bipartisan Group of Senators and Congressional Staff Member-Supporters of the 1982 Voting Rights Act Amendments and 2006 Voting Rights Act Reauthorization
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bipartisan Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Black Attorneys of Legal Aid, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Borrower Advocacy and Legal Aid Organizations (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Borrower Advocacy and Legal Aid Organizations Filed (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Boston University Law Professors Sean J. Kealy and James J. Wheaton
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Boston University Law Professors Sean J. Kealy and James J. Wheaton
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bradley Byrne and 119 Additional Members of the United States House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Brady and Team ENOUGH in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Brendan Keefe, in His Official Capacity as Chief Investigative Reporter for 11Alive Atlanta, and WXIA-TV
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Brief of Utah, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Hawaii, Kansas, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Carolina, and South Dakota
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bryndon Fisher, Bruce Reid, & Erick Shipmon in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Bryndon Fisher, et al. in Support of Neither Party Filed.(in 19-563)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Buckeye Institute and the Competitive Enterprise Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Buckeye Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Building Industry Legal Defense Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Business Organizations Filed (Also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Businesses and Business Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Businesses and Business Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of C12 Group, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Attorneys for Criminal Justice and Professor Charles D. Weisselberg
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Building Industry Association and National Association of Home Builders
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Building Industry Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Employment Lawyers' Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Fashion Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Housing Defense Fund, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Rifle & Pistol Association, Incorporated and Gun Owners of California, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Rifle & Pistol Association, Incorporated and Second Amendment Law Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Rural Legal Assistance, Inc. and California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California Rural Legal Assistance, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California State Association of Counties, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of California, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Campaign Legal Center and Issue One
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Campaign Legal Center and Issue One
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Campaign Legal Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Canadian Pork Council, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Casey Family Programs, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Casey Family Programs, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Catholic Charities of the Diocese of Springfield, Illinois, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Catholic Medical Association, National Association of Catholic Nurses-USA, Idaho Chooses Life and Texas Alliance for Life
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Catholics for Choice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute and Cause of Action Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute and Manhattan Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute and Manhattan Institute (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute and National Police Accountability Project
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute and Prof. Gregory Dolin
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cause of Action Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cayuga Nation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Biological Diversity and Defenders of Wildlife
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Defense of Free Enterprise, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Democracy & Technology and Electronic Frontier Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Democracy & Technology, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Democracy and Technology, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Education Reform, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Health Law & Policy Innovation of Harvard Law School, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for International Environmental Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Justice & Accountability and Human Rights First
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Media and Democracy and Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Taxpayer Rights, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center for Workplace Compliance, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center on Race, Inequality, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Center on the Administration of Criminal Law at NYU School of Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Central Valley Immigrant Integration Collaborative, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Certain Hospitals and Hospital Systems
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Certain State Trust and Bank Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and Business Roundtable
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and Business Roundtable
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and National Retail Federation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, Inc., Restaurant Law Center, Inc., and National Retail Federation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America; American Property Casualty Insurance Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America; National Association of Manufacturers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States; American Tort Reform Association; Coalition for Litigation Justice; American Trucking Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States; Business Roundtable Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chambers of Commerce, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Charles Gardner, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cherokee Nation, Chickasaw Nation, Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Muscogee (Creek) Nation, and Seminole Nation of Oklahoma
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chesapeake Bay Foundation and Natural Resources Defense Council
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Chickasaw Nation and Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Child Justice, Inc., Prevent Child Abuse NY and Professor Jennifer Baum
 

Brief Amici Curiae of CHILD USA, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Children's Health Care Providers and Advocates
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Alliance for Indian Child Welfare and ICWA Children and Families
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Alliance for Indian Child Welfare, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Alliance for Indian Child Welfare, et al. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Alliance for Indian Child Welfare, et al. Filed.VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Legal Society
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Legal Society and Free Speech Advocates
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Legal Society et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Legal Society et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Legal Society, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Legal Society, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Legal Society, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Legal Society, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Christian Legal Society, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Church of God in Christ, Inc. and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Church of God in Christ, Inc. and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Church of God in Christ, Inc. and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Church-State Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cities of Tulsa and Owasso, Oklahoma
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizen Action Defense Fund, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizen Equal Rights Foundation (CERF), Mille Lacs Equal Rights Foundation (MERF), and the City of Wakhon, Minnesota
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United and Citizens United Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United and Citizens United Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, and the Presidential Coalition
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, English First Foundation, Public Advocate of the U.S., the Senior Citizens League, 60 Plus Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Gun Owners Foundation, et al. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens United, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Citizens' Alliance for Property Rights Legal Fund and Inversecondemnation.com
 

Brief Amici Curiae of City and County of San Francisco, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of City and County of San Francisco, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of City and County of San Francisco, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of City of Chicago, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of City of New York, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of City of San Jose and the Black Alliance for Just Immigration
 

Brief Amici Curiae of City of San Jose, California, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of City of Staunton and Nelson County, Virginia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Civ Pro, IP & Legal History Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Civil Procedure and Arbitration Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Civil Procedure and Federal Courts Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Civil Procedure Professors in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Civil Procedure Professors Pamela K. Bookman, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Claire Finkelstein and the Center for Ethics and the Rule of Law at the University of Pennsylvania
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Clark Fork Coalition and Montana Environmental Information Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Clemente Properties Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Coalition for a Democratic Workplace, et al.
 

Brief amici curiae of Coalition for a Sustainable Delta, et al. filed.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Coalition for Jewish Values, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Coalition for Renewable Natural Gas and Producers of Renewables United for Integrity Truth and Transparency
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Colleagues of Professor Norman Dorsen
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Collective of Social Security Administration Administrative Law Judges in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Colorado State Legislators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of COLPA, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Columbia International University and Sixth Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Common Cause et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Common Cause, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Common Sense Media and Frances Haugen
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Commonwealth of Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Commonwealth of Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Community Development Credit Unions and Financial Institutions including Self-Help Credit Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Community Oncology Alliance, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Competitive Enterprise Institute, Reason Foundation, and Cascade Policy Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Complex Litigation Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Computer & Communications Industry Association and Internet Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Computer & Communications Industry Association and TechNet
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Computer & Communications Industry Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Computer & Communications Industry Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Computer Security Researchers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Comunidad Judia de Madrid and Federacion de Comunidades Judias de Espana
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Concerned Women for America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Concerned Women for America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Concerned Women for America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Congressional Prayer Caucus Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Congressional Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Congressional Western Caucus Members
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Congressmen Steve King, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Connie Weiskopf and Kristine L. Brown
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center and National Immigration Litigation Alliance
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional and Immigration Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Law Scholars Filed (in 18-1323)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Law Scholars Michael C. Dorf, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Constitutional Law, Federal Courts, Civil Rights, and Civil Procedure Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Consumer Advocates
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Contract Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Copyright Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Copyright Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Corpus Linguistics Professors and Experts
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Corpus-Linguistics Scholars Professors Brian Slocum, et al. Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623). VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Council for Christian Colleges and Universities and Forty Individual Religious Colleges and Universities
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Council for Christian Colleges and Universities, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Council of Islamic Schools in North America, Partnership for Inner-City Education, and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Council of Parent Attorneys and Advocates, Inc. and National Federation for the Blind
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Council of State Governments, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Council on American-Islamic Relations and Anas Elhady
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Counter Extremism Project (CEP), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of County of Santa Clara, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Credit Union National Association, Inc., National Association of Federally-Insured Credit Unions, and American Association of Credit Union Leagues
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Criminal Defense Organizations, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Criminal Defense Organizations, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Criminal Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Criminal Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cross-Industry Groups
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Crow Tribe of Indians, National Congress of American Indians and Other Tribal Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former Government Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former Prosecutors, Department of Justice Officials, and Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former Prosecutors, Department of Justice Officials, and Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former Prosecutors, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former State Legislators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current and Former Student School Board Members
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current Members of Congress and Bipartisan Former Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Current State Legislators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Cyberbullying Research Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Dan McCall, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of David C. Wilkes, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of David Lowrey, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Davis R. Robinson, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of DC Coalition against Domestic Violence, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Dee Farmer, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Defenders of Wildlife, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Democracy North Carolina and the People's Alliance Fund
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Detention Watch Network, Human Rights Defense Center and Prison Policy Initiative
 

Brief Amici Curiae of DigDeep Right to Water Project, et al. filed (Feb.14, 2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Disability Antidiscrimination Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Disability Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Disabled American Veterans and Lee Kirby
 

Brief Amici Curiae of District of Columbia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of District of Columbia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of District of Columbia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of District of Columbia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of District of Columbia, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Diversified Researchers and Innovators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of DKT Liberty Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Documentary Filmmakers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Domestic Violence Survivors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Dorothy Frame, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Downsize DC Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Dr. Ellen J. Staurowsky, Dr. Eddie Comeaux, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Dr. Karen Swanson, Dr. Byron R. Johnson, and Dr. Sung Joon Jang
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Dr. Reshma Ramachandran, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Dr. Xu Guojian, Li Hongji, Zhu Yongrui, Tang Qingyang, and Dr. Zhang Guanglei Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Dredging Contractors of America and Council for Dredging & Marine Construction Safety
 

Brief Amici Curiae of DRI Center for Law and Public Policy and the International Association of Defense Counsel
 

Brief Amici Curiae of DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar, and the Professional Services Counsel-The Voice of the Government Services Industry
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Drug Policy Alliance and the Law Enforcement Action Partnership
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Due Process Institute, American Civil Liberties Union, ACLU of Massachusetts, and Southern Poverty Law Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of eBay Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Economists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Economists and Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Economists and Professors M. Kate Bundorf, et al. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Economists, et al. Filed.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Economists, et al. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of EdChoice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Edgewood Veterans, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Edison Electric Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Educators, Practitioners, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Edward L. Tarpley, Jr., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Eight Intellectual Property Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Eight Retired Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Eighth Amendment Scholars in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Eighty Three Computer Scientists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Election Integrity Project California and Arizona
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Election Integrity Project California, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation, et al. filed (also in 22-324)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation, et al. Filed (also in 22-611).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation, Immigrants Rising, Defending Rights & Dissent and Woodhull Freedom Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Eli Lilly and Company, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Elijah Haahr, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Elijah Haahr, et al. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Elisabeth Devos, et al. (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Emory Intellectual Property Society and Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Empire Center and the Government Justice Center, Inc. (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Empire Center and the Government Justice Center, Inc. (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Empirical Legal Researchers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Employment Discrimination Law Scholars Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Engine Advocacy and Electronic Frontier Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Entergy Operations, Inc. and Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Environmental Federation of Oklahoma, Inc., et al
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Environmental Federation of Oklahoma, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Environmental Federation of Oklahoma, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Environmental Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Erwin Chemerinsky, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Erwin Chemerinsky, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Erwin Chemerinsky, et al., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Evelyn Hutchins, Flora Everett, James T. McAllister
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Evidence and Criminal Procedure Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Evidence Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Evidence Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Fair Housing Organizations and Testers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Faith-Based and Immigrants' Rights Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of False Confession and Wrongful Conviction Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Family Members of Soldiers Named on the Peace Cross
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Family Policy Alliance and State Family Policy Councils
 

Brief Amici Curiae of FAMM, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of FAMM, the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, and the National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Farm Action, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Farm Bureaus of Arkansas, et al. Filed (4/21/22)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Court Scholars, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Courts Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Courts Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Courts Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Courts Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Courts Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Courts Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Courts Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Defender Capital Habeas Units
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Indian Law Scholars and Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Indian Law Scholars and Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Public Defender for the District of Oregon and the Oregon Criminal Defense Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Public Defenders for the Northern, Western, and Southern Districts of Texas
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Tax Clinic at Charles Widger School of Law et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Federal Tax Clinics, Legal Aid Groups, and Tax Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Feminist Majority Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Fifteen Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Fifteen Pennsylvania State Senators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Financial Economists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Financial Investigation and Money Laundering Experts Filed (in 19-760).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Financial Regulation Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Firearms Policy Coalition and Firearms Policy Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Firearms Policy Coalition, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Firearms Policy Foundation, Firearms Policy Coalition, and the Calguns Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of First Amendment and Education Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of First Amendment and Election Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of First Amendment and Election Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of First Amendment Clinics, Citizens and Journalists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of First Amendment Professors Filed. (Distributed)(Mar. 2, 2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of First Amendment Scholars et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of First Amendment Scholars, Dean Erwin Chemerinsky, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of First Amendment Scholars, Evelyn Douek, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of First Focus on Children and the Children's Partnership
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Fishing Vessels' Reserve, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Five Indian Tribes
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Florida Holocaust Museum, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Floyd Abrams Institute for Freedom of Expression, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of FMI and Twenty-Three Retail Trade Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Foreign International Law Scholars and Jurists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Foreign Lawyers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Forestry Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Attorney General Edwin Meese III, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Attorneys General, Edwin Meese II, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Bankruptcy Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Census Bureau Directors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Chief Justices of the Delaware Supreme Court
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Commissioners and Staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Commissioners of the Securities and Exchange Commission
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Department of Justice Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Department of the Interior Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former DHS Secretary Jeh C. Johnson and Former Ambassador to Mexico Roberta S. Jacobson
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Directors of the U.S. Census Bureau
 

Brief Amici curiae of Former EEOC General Counsel and Title VII Religious Accommodation Expert
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Executive Branch Attorneys
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Executive Branch Officials and Leaders, et al. Filed (Also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Executive Office for Immigration Review Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Executive Office for Immigration Review Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Executive Office of Immigration Review Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Executive Office of Immigration Review Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former FCC Commissioners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Federal District Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Federal Ethics Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Federal Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Federal Judges and Department of Justice Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Federal Officials of the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Federal Trade Commission Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Federal Trade Commission Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Foster Children and Foster Parents and the Catholic Association Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Foster Children and Foster Parents, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Government Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Government Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Governors of the State of Delaware
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former House General Counsels and Former Congressional Staff
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Immigration Judges and Board of Immigration Appeals Members Filed (also in 19-896).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Immigration Judges and Board of Immigration Appeals Members Filed (also in 20-322).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Immigration Judges, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former INS and DHS General Counsels
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Judges, Prosecutors, and Public Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Justice Department Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former National Security Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former National Security Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former National Security Officials in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former NCAA Executives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Nuclear Regulators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Officials of the Department of Homeland Security, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Prison Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Professional Football Players Steve Largent and Chad Hennings
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Rep. Howard McKeon, et al. (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Rep. Howard McKeon, et al. (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Republican Members of Congress, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former SEC Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former SEC Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former SEC Officials and Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Secretaries of State and Secretaries of the Treasury
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Senior Department of Justice Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Senior Officials of the Department of Health and Human Services
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former State Chief Justices and Chief Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former State Department Legal Advisers in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former State Supreme Court Justices and Former Federal Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former State Supreme Court Justices Andrew W. Gould, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former Student-Athletes
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former U.S. Attorneys General John D. Ashcroft, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former U.S. Counterterrorism Officials, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former U.S. Department of Education Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former United States Attorneys
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former United States Attorneys
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former United States Attorneys John C. Anderson, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former United States Attorneys Michael Cotter, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former United States Attorneys Troy A. Eid, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former United States District Court Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former United States Immigration Judges and Members of the Board of Immigration Appeals
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Former United States Immigration Judges and Members of the Board of Immigration Appeals
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Forty-Two Former Immigration Judges and Members of the Board of Immigration Appeals
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression and Manhattan Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights in Education and Cato Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Foundations and Philanthropy-Serving Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Fourteen National Agricultural Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Fourteen Religious-Liberty Scholars, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Fourteen State and Regional Hospital Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Fourth Amendment Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Fourth Amendment Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Free Speech Coalition, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Free Speech Coalition, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Free Speech Defense & Education Fund, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Freedom from Religion Foundation and Center for Inquiry
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Freedom from Religion Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Freedom from Religion Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Freedom From Religion Foundation, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Freedom of Information Act and First Amendment Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Freeport-McMoRan Oil & Gas et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Freeport-McMoRan Oil & Gas LLC, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Gail Heriot and Peter N. Kirsanow
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Genentech, Inc., AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP, Bayer AG, Gilead Sciences, Inc., and Johnson & Johnson
 

Brief Amici Curiae of General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists and Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amici Curiae of General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America
 

Brief Amici Curiae of General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of George A. Bermann, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Georgia Advocacy Office, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Georgia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Georgia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of German Law Professors, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Global Action on Gun Violence, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Goldwater Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Goldwater Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Goldwater Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Goldwater Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Goldwater Institute, et al. Filed.VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Governor Douglas A. Ducey, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Governor Douglas A. Ducey, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Governor Douglas A. Ducey, President of the Arizona State Senate Karen Fann, and Speaker of the Arizona House of Representatives Russell Bowers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Lawrence Joseph Hogan, Jr.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Lawrence Joseph Hogan, Jr.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Graphic Artists Guild, Inc. and American Society for Collective Rights Licensing, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Group of New York Voters in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Growth Energy and American Farm Bureau Federation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Gun Owners of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Gun Owners of America, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of California, DownsizeDC.org, Downsize DC Foundation, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Restoring Liberty Action Committee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Gun Owners of America, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners Foundation, the Heller Foundation, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Gun Violence and Domestic Violence Prevention Groups
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Habeas Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Habeas Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Habeas Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Habeas Scholars Lee Kovarsky, Valena Beety, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Hague Convention Delegates Jamison Selby Borek & James Hergen
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Hamilton Lincoln Law Institute and Committee for Justice (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Harmony Allen and Protect Our Defenders
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Harmony Allen and Tonja Schulz
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Harold H. Bruff, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Harris County, Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Health Care Policy Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Healthcare Companies
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Healthcare Companies
 

Brief Amici Curiae of High Tech Inventors Alliance, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Highmark Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Highmark Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of HISD Student Congress, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians and Legal Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians and Social Scientists Margo Anderson, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians Gautham Rao, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians of Criminal Procedure
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians of the Census
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Historians, Legal Scholars, and Cherokee Nation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Holly Alvarado, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Holocaust and Nuremberg Historians in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Holocaust Survivors Foundation, USA, Inc., et al. (Also in 19-351)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Holocaust Survivors Foundation, USA, Inc., et al. (also in 19-351)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Honorable Eugene Wedoff (ret.), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Honorable Eugene Wedoff (ret.), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Hotel Des Arts, LLC, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Human Rights Advocates, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Human Rights First and International Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Human Rights for Kids and Louisiana Center for Children's Rights
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Human Rights Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Human Rights Watch and Alianza Americas
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ibis Reproductive Health and Other Organizations Filed (in 18-1323).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of If/When/How: Lawyering for Reproductive Justice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Illinois, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Illinois, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ilya Somin and Cato Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ilya Somin and Sanford Levinson
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ilya Somin, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigrant and Civil Rights Organizations, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigrant Defense Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigrant Defense Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigrant Rights Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigration and Human Rights Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigration Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigration Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigration Representatives and Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigration Representatives and Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Immigration Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Impact Fund, NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., and 24 Civil Rights Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Independent Petroleum Association of America and Offshore Operators Committee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Indian Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Indiana and 19 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Indiana Disability Rights
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Indiana, West Virginia, 25 Other States, and the Arizona Legislature
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Individual Taxpayers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Individuals and Organizations Advocating for Victims of Domestic Violence (Sanctuary for Families, Inc. et al.)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Individuals and Organizations Advocating for Victims of Domestic Violence (Sanctuary for Families, Inc., et al.)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Injured Crewmembers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Inner Life Fund and Institute for Faith and Family
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Inner Life Fund and Institute for Faith and Family
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Innovative Schools
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Institute for Faith and Family and Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Institute for Free Speech, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Institute for Justice, Stephanie Wilson and Gerardo Serrano
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Institute of International Bankers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Institutional Investors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Institutional Investors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Institutional Investors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Institutional Investors in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Integrity Institute, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Intellectual Property Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Intellectual Property Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Intellectual Property Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Intellectual Property Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Intellectual Property Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Intellectual Property Professors, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of InterACT: Advocates for Intersex Youth, et al. Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of InterAction, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Interested Evidence and Sentencing Law Professors Filed.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Brotherhood of Teamsters, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Business Machines Corp. et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Code Council, Inc. and American Gas Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Human Rights Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Law Experts
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Law Scholars, Former Diplomats, and Practitioners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Lawyers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Lawyers Assisting Workers Network (ILAW), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers Association (IMLA) and the International City/County Management Association (ICMA)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers Association and National League of Cities
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Interstate Natural Gas Association of America, American Gas Association, American Petroleum Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA, World Vision Inc., Young Life
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Investment Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Iowa Pork Producers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Iowa, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Italian Organizations Advocating for Victims of Domestic Violence
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Italo-American Jurists and Attorneys
 

Brief Amici Curiae of James and Gail Blais, General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of James Dempsey and Sharon Bradford Franklin
 

Brief Amici Curiae of James Fetzer, Ph. D., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jane Bambauer, Ashutosh Bhagwat, and Eugene Volokh
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jeffrey Podell and the Rieders Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jerome P. Kassirer, M.D., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jerry and Kathy Armstrong, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jewish Alliance for Law and Social Action, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of John McCurley and Dan Deforest
 

Brief Amici Curiae of John Q. Hammons Hotels & Resorts, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of John R. Dunne, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jonathan F. Mitchell & Adam K. Mortara
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jonathan F. Mitchell and Adam K. Mortara
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jonathan F. Mitchell and Adam K. Mortara
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jonathan F. Mitchell and Adam K. Mortara in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Jonathan F. Mitchell, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Joshua Horwitz, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Judge David L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Judicial Watch and AEF
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Judicial Watch and Allied Educational Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Justice and Freedom Fund, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Justice and Freedom Fund, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Juvenile Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Karen Heart and Anthony Volini of CIPLIT
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Kenneth B. Mehlman, et al. Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Kentucky Captive Association, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Kentucky Secretary of State Michael Adams, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Kentucky, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Kidney Care Council and Renal Healthcare Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Kirk Cousins, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University and Professor Genevieve Lakier
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Kyratso Karahalios, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lambert Henry, Russell Davenport, and Peter Fusco
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Land Developers, Chambers of Commerce, and Scenic Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Landowners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of LatinoJustice PRLDEF and Twelve Amici Curiae
 

Brief Amici Curiae of LatinoJustice PRLDEF, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of LatinoJustice PRLDEF, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of LatinoJustice PRLDEF, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of LatinoJustice PRLDEF, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law and Business Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law and Economics Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law and Economics Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law and Education Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Enforcement Groups and State and Local Firearms Rights Groups
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors James Brudney, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors Joan Steinman, Richard Freer, Nancy Marder, Mark Rosen, Michael Solimine, and Adam Zimmerman
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors Joshua D. Sarnoff, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors Leah Litman, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors Nina Mendelson, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Law Professors with Expertise in Habeas Corpus and Civil Procedure
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawrence J. MacDonnell, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers and Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers Democracy Fund and Rep. Rodney Davis
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers Democracy Fund and State Legislators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers for Civil Rights, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law and 21 Other Organizations Filed (Also in 22-506).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, et al
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee For Civil Rights Under Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, et al. (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Leading Medical Organizations Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Leading Medical Organizations Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Leading Technology Composites, Inc. and Clarkwestern Dietrich Building Systems LLC
 

Brief Amici Curiae of League of Wisconsin Municipalities, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of League of Women Voters of South Carolina, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lee Chatfield, in His Official Capacity as Speaker-Elect of The Michigan House of Representatives, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Aid Chicago, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Aid Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Momentum, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Scholars (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Scholars (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Scholars Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Scholars Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Scholars in Support of Equality in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Scholars Leah Litman, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Services NYC, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legal Services Providers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Legislators Elijah Haahr, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) Members of the Legal Profession Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Levi Strauss & Co., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of LGBTQ Organizations Filed (in 18-1323) (December 3, 2019)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Liberty Justice Center and American Federation for Children
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Liberty Justice Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Liberty Justice Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Liberty Justice Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Library Futures Institute, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Life Insurance Direct Marketing Association, American Property Casualty Insurance Association and Consumer Credit Industry Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Life Legal Defense Foundation et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lignite Energy Council, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Government Legal Center, et al. Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Government Legal Center, et al. supporting neither party.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Government Legal Center, National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, and International Municipal Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Government Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Government Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Government Organizations (IMLA)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Governments and Mayors Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Governments Filed (11/19/2020).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Governments Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Governments Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Local Governments Filed (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lord Conrad Black and Former Governor Robert F. McDonnell
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Louisiana Professors of Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Louisiana, Alabama, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, South Carolina, and Wisconsin
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Louisiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Louisiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lower Brule Sioux Tribe, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Lucas Champollion, Brandon Waldon, Masoud Jasbi, Willow Parks, and Cleo Condoravdi
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Madge Jones, Tony Jones, Marty Jones and Nicolle Olson
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Magnolia Bar Association, Mississippi Center for Justice, and Innocence Project New Orleans
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Major General Patrick Brady and Veterans Groups Erecting and Maintaining War Memorials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Major General Patrick Brady and Veterans Groups Erecting and Maintaining War Memorials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Major General Tamir Hayman (ret.),et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Marcellus Shale Coalition and Pennsylvania Independent Oil & Gas Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Maria Chavon Aguilar, Fernando Castro, Pablo Castro Jr., & Roberto Salcedo Jr.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Mark B. Feldman, Esq., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Mark Janus, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Martin J. Bienenstock, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Mary Beth Tinker & John Tinker
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Maryland Elected Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Maryland Elected Officials and Prince George's County
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Massachusetts, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Massachusetts, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Massachusetts, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Massachusetts, et al. (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Massachusetts, et al. Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Massachusetts, et al. Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Massachusetts, et al. Filed (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Massachusetts, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Medal of Honor Recipients
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Medal of Honor Recipients
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Media Law and Policy Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Medical Staff Professionals
 

Brief Amici Curiae of MedShadow Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Melinda Thybault, Founder of the Moral Outcry Petition, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Member Countries and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress from the North Carolina Delegation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of Congress Senator Blumenthal, Representative Smith, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of the United States Congress
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of the United States House of Representatives Filed (Also in 18-1447).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Members of the United States House of Representatives Filed (Also in 19-351).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Michael L. Rosin & David G. Post
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Michael L. Rosin, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Michael L. Rosin, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Michael Stokes Paulsen and Kevin C. Walsh Filed (in 19-431).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Michael W. McConnell, et al. (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Michele Coleman Mayes, Claudia Hammerman, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Midland Credit Management, Inc. and Encore Capital Group, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Military and Veterans Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Military Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Military Religious Freedom Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Military-Veterans Advocacy Inc. and Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Minnesota, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Minnesota, Maryland, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Minnesota, Nineteen Other States, & the District of Columbia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Minnesota, Texas, 37 Other States and The District of Columbia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Minnesota, Wisconsin, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Mississippi, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Mississippi, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Missouri, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Modern Military Association of America and Transgender American Veterans Association Filed (Also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Montana and 9 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Mortgage Bankers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Mortgage Bankers Association, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Mountain States Legal Foundation and Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Mozilla Corp., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Multiple Veterans Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Muslim Bar Association of New York, et al. Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
 

Brief Amici Curiae of NACBA, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Nancy Mace, Joe Wilson, Jeff Duncan, William Timmons, Ralph Norman, and Russell Fry
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Academy of Arbitrators and National Association of Railroad Referees Filed.(3/10/2020)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Alcohol Beverage Control Association, and National Liquor Law Enforcement Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Asian Pacific American Bar Association, et al. and National LGBTQ+ Bar Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Asian Pacific Bar Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Ass'n for Public Defense and the National Ass'n of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Clean Water Agencies, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Community Health Centers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Convenience Stores, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Convenience Stores, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Counsel for Children, et al. filed. VIDED. (Aug. 30, 2022)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Counties, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Counties, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Counties, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Counties, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, International Municipal Lawyers Association, National Sheriffs' Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and California Attorneys for Criminal Justice
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and FAMM
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al. (Mar. 1, 2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al. Filed
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Evangelicals, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Home Builders, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Home Builders, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Home Builders, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Manufacturers and Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Manufacturers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Manufacturers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Manufacturers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Manufacturers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Manufacturers, et al. Filed (December 09, 2019). VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Pupil Services Administrators and Pennsylvania Association of Pupil Services Administrators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Realtors, American Property Owners Alliance, and Texas Realtors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Realtors, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Association of Realtors, Minnesota Realtors, and American Property Owners Alliance
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Center for Youth Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Conference of State Legislators, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Congress of American Indians and Other Tribal Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Congress of American Indians, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Bankruptcy Rights Center and the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Bankruptcy Rights Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Bankruptcy Rights Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Bankruptcy Rights Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Consumer Law Center, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Council of Nonprofits, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Disability Rights Network, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National District Attorneys Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Education Association, et al. Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Employment Law Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Employment Lawyers Association and The Employee Rights Advocacy Institute for Law & Policy
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Family Violence Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Federation of Independent Business, et al. filed.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Foundation for Gun Rights and National Association for Gun Rights
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Governors Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Health Law Program, et al. Filed. (December 3, 2019).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Hospital Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Immigrant Justice Center and American Immigration Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Immigrant Justice Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Immigrant Justice Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Immigrant Justice Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Immigration Litigation Alliance
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Immigration Litigation Alliance, American Civil Liberties Union, and Northwest Immigrant Rights Project
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Immigration Litigation Alliance, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Immigration Litigation Alliance, et al. Filed (11/1/23)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Indian Gaming Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Indigenous Women's Resource Center and the National Congress of American Indians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Indigenous Women's Resource Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Indigenous Women's Resource Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Indigenous Women's Resource Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Indigenous Women's Resource Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Indigenous Women's Resource Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Indigenous Women's Resource Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs (COLPA), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National League of Cities, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National League of Cities, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association and International Municipal Lawyers Association Filed (in 19-454).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National LGBT Bar Association, et al. Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Music Publishers' Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Organization of Veterans' Advocates, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Organization of Victims of Juvenile Murderers, et al. Filed. (9/4/2020)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Parks Conservation Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Police Accountability Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Police Accountability Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Police Association, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Press Photographers Association and 25 Media and Free Speech Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Religious Broadcasters, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Religious Campaign against Torture, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Right to Life Committee and Louisiana Right to Life Federation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National School Boards Association, AASA, the Superintendents Association, and Association of School Business Officials International
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National School Boards Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National School Boards Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National School Boards Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National School Boards Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Sheriffs Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Stone, Sand and Gravel Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Taxpayers Union Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Taxpayers Union Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Taxpayers Union Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Veterans Legal Services Program, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Veterans Legal Services Program, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Veterans Legal Services Program, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Veterans Legal Services Program, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Veterans Legal Services Program, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Whistleblower Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Women's Law Center and 37 Additional Organizations Committed to Race and Gender Equality
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Women's Law Center and 72 Additional Organizations Committed to Equality and Economic Opportunity for Women
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National Women's Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of National, State, and Local Civil Rights, Racial Justice, and Criminal Defense Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Nationwide Biweekly Administration, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Natural Resources Defense Council, the Wilderness Society, and Defenders of Wildlife
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Natural Resources Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of NetChoice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of NetChoice, et al. Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of New Disabled South and Emory Law School Disabled Law Students Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of New Hope Family Services, Inc. and Catholic Charities West Michigan
 

Brief Amici Curiae of New York, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of New York, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of NexPoint Advisors, L.P., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Next-Generation Legal Research Platforms and Databases
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Next-Generation Legal Research Platforms and Databases and Digital Accessibility Advocate in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Nez Perce Tribe, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Nicholas Bagley and Samuel L. Bray Filed (in 19-454).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Nicholas Bagley, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Nicholas O. Stephanopoulos and Jowei Chen
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Norman Y. Mineta, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of North Carolina Chamber Legal Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Nuremberg Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of O'Bannon Plaintiff Class Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ohio Justice & Policy Center and Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ohio, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Oklahoma, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Oklahoma, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of ON Semiconductor Corporation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Open Markets Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Organizations and Individuals Dedicated to the Fight for Reproductive Justice - Women with a Vision et al. Filed. (December 5, 2019).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Organizations Assisting Survivors of Domestic Violence
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Out of Home Advertising Association of America, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Oxfam America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific and Inland Northwest Treaty Tribes
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Health Coalition, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation and Property and Environment Research Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, Center for Equal Opportunity, and Project 21
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, Reason Foundation, Center for Equal Opportunity, Individual Rights Foundation, Chinese American Citizens Alliance, Greater New York, Coalition for TJ, and Yi Fang Chen
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, Southeastern Legal Foundation, and Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pacific Research Institute, Project for Privacy and Surveillance Accountability
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pamela Underhill, Jonathan B. Jarvis, Coalition to Protect America's National Parks, and National Parks Conservation Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Parker R. Hallam and Frederick A. Voight
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Partnership for Inner-City Education, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Patrick J. Collins, Marcus J. Liotta, and William M. Hitchcock
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pennsylvania Association for Justice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pennsylvania Coalition for Civil Justice Reform and the Pennsylvania Manufacturers' Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pennsylvania Manufacturers' Association and the New Jersey Business & Industry Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pennsylvania Manufacturers' Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pennsylvania School Boards Association and Pennsylvania Principals Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pennsylvania, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Philanthropy Roundtable, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Philanthropy Roundtable, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Philip C. Bobbitt, Michael C. Dorf, and H. Jefferson Powell
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Philip E. Berger, President Pro Tempore of the North Carolina Senate, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Philip L. Schuler, et al. in Association with the Amicus Project
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Phillip Goldstein, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Philosophy Professors Filed (Also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Physicians for Human Rights, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Plaintiff in Ruiz-Aviles v. SSA, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Plaintiffs in Kravitz et al. v. United States Department of Commerce et al., No. 18-1041 (D.MD)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Plaintiffs in Pena Martinez v. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Planned Parenthood Federation of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Planned Parenthood of Greater Texas Surgical Health Services, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Players Associations of the National Football League, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Political Science Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Political Science Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Preemption Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Presidential Electors Mary Beth Corsentino, Stratton Rollins Heath, Jr., and Celeste Landry
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Print Disability Advocates
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Privacy International, Human and Digital Rights Organizations, and International Legal Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Private International Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Prof. Dale Carpenter, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Prof. Daniel McCool, Prof. Ezra Rosser, and Prof. David Wilkins
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professional Association for Customer Engagement and Noble Systems Corporation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professional Services Council and International Stability Operations Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professor Drew L. Kershen and Professor Brian C. Kalt
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professor George A. Bermann, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professor Lawrence A. Stein in Support of No Party (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professor Peter N. Golder, Ph.D., and Other Marketing Academics
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professor Shyamkrishna Balganesh and Professor Peter S. Menell
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professor William S. Dodge and Professor Maggie Gardner Filed (also in 18-1447).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professor William S. Dodge and Professor Maggie Gardner Filed (Also in 19-351)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors - Dean Ronald A. Cass, Christopher DeMuth, Sr., and James L. Huffman
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Adam Lamparello, Charles E. MacLean, and Brian Owsley
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Alan Morrison and Brian Wolfman
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors and Historians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Barton Beebe and Jeanne Fromer
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Benjamin G. Davis, et. al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Brian D. Feinstein and Daniel J. Hemel
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Christopher S. Elmendorf, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Daniel D. Barnhizer, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Douglas Laycock, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Douglas Laycock, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Ingrid (Wuerth) Brunk and William S. Dodge in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors James Pfander, Gregory Sisk & Zachary Clopton Filed. (9/11/2020)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors James W. Ely, Jr., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors John A. E. Pottow and Jay Lawrence Westbrook
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors John F. Coyle, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors John M. Golden and Thomas H. Lee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Kelly Lytle Hernandez, Mae Ngai, and Ingrid Eagly
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Lawrence Ponoroff, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors M. Bodie, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Mark C. Weber and Bernard P. Perlmutter
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Martin S. Lederman, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Michael C. Dorf and Martin S. Lederman
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Michael Knoll, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Administrative Law and Federal Regulation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Civil Procedure and Federal Courts Filed (in 19-454).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Communications Law, Policy, and Administrative Law, and Doctors of Economics and Social Science
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Copyright Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Criminal Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Federal Indian Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Federal Jurisdiction
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Health Law and Policy
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Health Law and Policy Filed (in 20-1410).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of History and Constitutional Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of History and Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of International Law, Foreign Relations Law and Federal Jurisdiction
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of International Organization and International Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Jurisdiction
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Law and Linguistics in Support of neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Law Linda J. Silberman, Robert G. Spector, and Louise Ellen Teitz
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Legal History, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Public Health and Organizations Working in Public Health Policy and Implementation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Second Amendment Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Second Amendment Law, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Securities Law and Complex Litigation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors of Sri Lankan Politics
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Peter S. Menell and David Nimmer
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Peter S. Menell, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Peter S. Menell, Shyamkrishna Balganesh, and Jane C. Ginsburg as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Ralph Brubaker, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Samuel Estreicher and Thomas H. Lee in Support of Neither Party Filed (Also in 19-351). VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Samuel Estreicher and Thomas H. Lee in Support of Neither Party Filed (Also in 18-1447).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Samuel Estreicher and Thomas Lee in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Suja A. Thomas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Tamar Meshel, Crina Baltag, Fabien Gelinas, and Janet Walker Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Thomas R. Lee, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Walter Dellinger and Martin S. Lederman in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Professors Wesley Pegden, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Project for Privacy & Surveillance Accountability and Restore the Fourth, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Project for Privacy and Surveillance Accountability and Protect the First Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Project for Privacy and Surveillance Accountability and Restore the Fourth Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Project on Government Oversight and Morton Rosenberg
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Property Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Advocate of the United States, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Advocate of the United States, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Benefits Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Citizen and Public Citizen Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Citizen and Public Citizen Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Citizen and Public Citizen Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Citizen, Center for Science in the Public Interest, Collaboration for Research Integrity
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Citizen, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc. and Public Citizen Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Health Experts, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Health Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Health Researchers and Social Scientists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation and Foundation for Michigan Freedom
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation, Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence, Foundation for Michigan Freedom and Texas Public Policy Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation, Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence, Foundation for Michigan Freedom and Texas Public Policy Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Knowledge, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Public-Health Researchers and Lawyers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Puerto Rican Legal Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Puerto Rico Governor Pedro Pierluisi and the New Progressive Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Puerto Rico House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Python Software Foundation and Tidelift
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Python Software Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of R Street Institute and Public Knowledge
 

Brief Amici Curiae of R Street Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of R Street Institute, et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Rachel E. Barkow, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights and Professor Irwin Cotler
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Raymond J. Lucia, Sr., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of RD Legal Funding Partners, LP, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Refugee Advocacy Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of REGENXBIO Inc., et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Religious and Civil-Rights Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Religious and Civil-Rights Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Religious Denominations and Other Religious Institutions
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Religious Leaders and Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Religious Liberty Scholars and Employment Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Religious Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Religious Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Religious Organizations, Public Speakers and Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Religious-Liberty Scholars Douglas Laycock, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Remedies and Restitution Scholars in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Remedies, Restitution, Antitrust, and Intellectual Property Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press & 25 Media Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press & 36 Media Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and 20 Media Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and 28 Media Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and 34 Media Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Representative Claudia Tenney and 175 Additional Members of the U.S. House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Representative Jeff Duncan and Sixty-One Additional Members of the United States House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Reproductive Justice Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Republic of Azerbaijan and Islamic Republic of Pakistan
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Republic of Azerbaijan, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Republican National Committee and National Republican Congressional Committee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Republican National Committee and the National Republican Congressional Committee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Republican National Committee, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Residents and Families of Residents at Homes of the Little Sisters of the Poor
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Restaurant Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Restore the Fourth, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc. and National Retail Federation Filed Supporting Neither Party.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc. and the National Retail Federation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retired Federal Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retired Federal Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retired Federal Judges and Former Federal Prosecutors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retired Federal Judges and Former Federal Prosecutors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retired Federal Judges, Former Federal Prosecutors, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retired Generals and Flag Officers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retired Generals and Flag Officers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retired United States District Judges
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Retired United States Generals Who Served in Iraq and Afghanistan
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Richard B. Myers and Michael G. Mullen
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Robert Lee Stone, Jr., and John Harvard Lomax, Jr.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Robert P. Roesser & Christian Legal Society
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center and Phillips Black, Inc., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Roman Catholic Diocese of Jackson and Roman Catholic Diocese of Biloxi
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ronald A. Cass & Christopher C. DeMuth, Sr.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ronald A. Cass & Christopher C. DeMuth, Sr.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Rusty Bowers, Speaker of the Arizona House of Representatives, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ryan Binkley, Binkley for President 2024, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Salesforce.com, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Samuel L. Bray and William Baude (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Samuel L. Bray and William Baude Filed (Also in 22-506).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of San Remo Hotel, L.P., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Sanctuary for Families, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Savannah Economic Development Authority, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Saving America's Family Enterprises, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars and Academics of Constitutional Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars of Congressional Accountability in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars of Constitutional Law and the Law of Federal and State Courts
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars of Criminal Law Filed. (5/31/2019)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars of Federal Civil Procedure
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars of Habeas Corpus Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars of the Constitutional Rights and Interests of Children
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars of the Law of Habeas Corpus
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars of the PLRA and Prison Grievance Systems
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars on Corporate Registration and Jurisdiction in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars Whose Work Includes Sex Offense Studies
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars, Former Judges, and Former Government Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of School Discipline Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Scientists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Seattle School District No. 1, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Second Amendment Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Second Amendment Law Center, Inc., California Rifle and Pistol Association, Gun Owners of California
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Second Amendment Law Professors in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Second Amendment Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Securities and Financial Markets Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Securities Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Self-Help Credit Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Sen. Shelley Moore Capito, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Amy Klobuchar, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Charles Grassley, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator John Braun, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Kim Ward, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Marsha Blackburn and 42 Other Members of the United States Senate (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Mike Lee, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Richard Blumenthal, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Sheldon Whitehouse, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Steve Daines & National Republican Senatorial Committee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Ted Cruz and Ten Other Members of the United States Senate
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Tim Kaine, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Tom Cotton, Senator Jim Inhofe, and Senator Ted Cruz
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Tom Harkin, Representative Tony Coelho, Representative George Miller
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senators Richard J. Durbin, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senators Sheldon Whitehouse, et al. Filed (Feb. 22, 2021).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senators Steve Daines, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senators Ted Cruz and Mike Lee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Senators Whitehouse, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Separation of Powers Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Separation-of-Powers Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Service Employees International Union and Other Labor Unions Filed. (March 23, 2021)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Service Employees International Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Seventeen Oklahoma District Attorneys, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Seventy Two Intellectual Property Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail Transportation Workers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail Transportation Workers-Transportation Division, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Shirin Bakhshay, Tarika Daftary-Kapur, Yael Danieli, Angela Jones, Margaret Bull Kovera, Steven D. Penrod & Christine L. Ruva
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Sikh Coalition, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Six Veterans' Organizations filed (Also in 22-506).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Six Veterans' Organizations Filed (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Sixteenth Amendment Insights, LLC and Jeffrey N. Schwartz
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Sixty Five Intellectual Property Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Small and Medium Biotechnology Companies
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Small and Mid-Size Cocoa and Chocolate Companies
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Small Business Owners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Small, Medium, and Open Source Technology Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Social Science Researchers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Social Security, Government Benefit Program and Administrative Law Professors and Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Software and System Developers and Engineers for United States Government Agencies
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Software Innovators, Startups, and Investors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Sonoma County District Attorney's Office and California District Attorneys Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of South Dakota and 44 States and the District of Columbia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of South Dakota, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of South Texas Electric Cooperative, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of South Texas Electric Cooperative, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation and National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation and the Beacon Center of Tennessee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation and the Defense of Freedom Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation and Young America's Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southern Ute Indian Tribe and Ute Mountain Ute Tribe
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Southwestern Law Student Elena Cordonean, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Speech First and Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Spiritual Advisors and Former Corrections Officials
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Sports Economists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State and Local Government Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State and Local Government Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State and Local Government Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State and Local Government Groups
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State National Bank of Big Spring, the Competitive Enterprise Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Alabama, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Alaska, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Alaska, et al. Filed (in 19-267).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Arkansas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of California, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of California, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Colorado, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Connecticut, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Florida, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Illinois, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Illinois, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Illinois, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Indiana and 44 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Missouri, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Montana and 14 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Montana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of New Mexico et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of North Carolina, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Oklahoma, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Oklahoma, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Oklahoma, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Oregon, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of South Dakota, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Utah and 20 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Utah, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of Vermont, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of West Virginia and 17 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of West Virginia and 25 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of West Virginia and 26 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of West Virginia and 29 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of West Virginia, 27 Other States & the Governor of Kentucky
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of West Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of West Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of State of West Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Alabama, Arkansas, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Montana, Nevada, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, and Wyoming
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Arizona et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Arkansas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Arkansas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of California, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of California, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Colorado, Nebraska, Nevada, and Utah
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Illinois et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Illinois, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Illinois, New York, et al. Filed (also 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Iowa, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Kansas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Louisiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Louisiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Mississippi, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Nebraska, Arizona, and Ohio
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Nevada, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of New York, Connecticut, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Virginia and the District of Columbia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of New York, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of New York, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of New York, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Ohio and Oklahoma
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Ohio, Alabama, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Ohio, Alabama, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Ohio, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Oklahoma, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Oregon, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Tennessee, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Nebraska, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, and Wyoming
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Texas, et al. Filed (Aug. 6, 2019) (Corrected Version Submitted)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Utah, Arkansas, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, North Dakota, Texas, and West Virginia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Utah, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Utah, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Utah, Ohio, and 12 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Utah, Ohio, and 15 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Utah, Ohio, and 15 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Washington et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Wyoming, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of States of Wyoming, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Statutory Construction Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Statutory Interpretation and Equality Law Scholars Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Statutory Interpretation Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Statutory Interpretation Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Stephen C. Connaker and the Military and Veterans' Law Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Stephen J. Ziegler, et al. Filed (in 20-1410).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Stephen Wise Temple and Milwaukee Jewish Day School
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Steve Viscelli, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Stop Extraterritorial American Taxation and Association of Americans Resident Overseas
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Student Press Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Survey Scholars and Consultants
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Swords to Plowshares and Vietnam Veterans of America
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tahirih Justice Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Takings and Federal Courts Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tarrant County Criminal District Attorney et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tarrant County Criminal District Attorney, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tax Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Taxpayers' Federation of Illinois; et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Teachers, School Administrators, and the National Council of Teachers of English
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Technology Companies
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ten Consumer Advocacy Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ten Law School Professors and the Ethics Bureau at Yale
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tennessee Coalition for Open Government and Human Rights Defense Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tennessee, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Territories of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Texas Association of School Boards Legal Assistance Fund, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Texas Exonerees Michael Morton and Anthony Graves, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Texas Oil and Gas Association, Inc. and the American Petroleum Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Texas Oil and Gas Association, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Texas Sheriffs, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Texas, Iowa, and 29 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the 1939 Society, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the 1939 Society, et al. Filed (also in 18-1447)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the 1939 Society, et al. Filed (Also in 19-351).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the ABC Television Affiliates Association, the CBS Television Network Affiliates Association, the FBC Television Affiliates Association, and the NBC Television Affiliates
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the ACLU Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Advocates for Human Rights and the World Coalition against the Death Penalty
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Alliance for Automobile Innovation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Association for Justice, the Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Association of Pro-Life Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American College of Pediatricians, and Christian Medical Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and ACLU of Wisconsin
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and Cato Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU Foundation of Louisiana, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Louisiana Filed (in 18-1323).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Michigan
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Missouri
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of New Mexico,
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Puerto Rico, Supporting the First Circuit's Ruling on the Appointments Clause Issue
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of the District of Columbia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union, and the New York Civil Liberties Union
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union, New York Civil Liberties Union, and National Coalition against Censorship, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Liberties, et al., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Civil Rights Union and Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Farm Bureau Federation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Hospital Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Immigration Council, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Institute of Marine Underwriters, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Library Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Medical Association, et al. Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Psychological Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the American Public Health Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Anti-Fraud Coalition, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the ARC of the United States, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Arizona Capital Representation Project and Arizona Attorneys for Criminal Justice
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Arizona Justice Project and Robert Bartels
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Arkansas Opiod Recovery Partnership, the Association of Arkansas Counties, and the Arkansas Municipal League
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Asian American Coalition For Education and the Asian American Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Association of Classical Christian Schools, et al.,
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Border Project and the National Immigrant Justice Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Brennan Center for Justice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Bronx Defenders, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Bruderhof, United Sikhs, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), the Islam & Religious Freedom Action Team of the Religious Freedom Institute, and Asma Uddin
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Buckeye Institute and National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Buckeye Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Bureau of Investigative Journalism and the Rendition Project
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Catholic Association Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of New York, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute and Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute, et al. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cato Institute, et. al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Center for Auto Safety and the Attorneys Information Exchange Group
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Center for Democracy and Technology and Cato Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Center for Democracy and Technology, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Center for Taxpayer Rights, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and International Group of P&I Clubs
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the American Benefits Council
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the Pennsylvania Chamber of Business and Industry
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the American Benefits Council, and the ERISA Industry Committee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Christian and Missionary Alliance, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Commercial Law League of America, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Council of State Governments, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Cyber Civil Rights Initiative and Legal Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the DC Project Foundation; Operation Blazing Sword-Pink Pistols; Jews for the Preservation of Firearms Ownership
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Delaware State Bar Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the District Attorneys Association of the State of New York and the National District Attorneys Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the District of Columbia and the States of Colorado, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the District of Columbia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the District of Columbia, Guam, and 16 Other States and Territories.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the DKT Liberty Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the DKT Liberty Project, Reason Foundation, and the Due Process Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Edison Electric Institute, et al. (Aug. 29, 2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Evangelical Environmental Network, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the First Amendment Coalition Freedom of the Press Foundation, et al filed (Mar. 10, 2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the First Amendment Foundation and Fane Lozman
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Freedom from Religion Foundation, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Greater New Orleans Barge Fleeting Association, Inc. and Offshore Marine Service Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Home Depot, Inc. et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Hon Judith Fitzgerald (Bankruptcy Judge, Ret.), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Hon. Judith Fitzgerald (Ret.), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Honorable Eugene Wedoff (Ret.), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Howard University School of Law Civil Rights Clinic; A New Way of Life Reentry Project
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Huntsville, Alabama City Board of Education, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Innocence Network, Forensic Justice Project, et al..
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Innocence Project and Innocent Network
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Institute for Faith and Family, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Institute for Justice, Sun Valley Orchards, LLC, Procraft Masonry, LLC, and C.S. Lawn & Landscape, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the International Court of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce and the United States Council for International Business Supporting Neither Party Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the KIPP Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Law Enforcement Action Partnership and the National Police Accountability Project
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the League of Women Voters of the United States, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Legal Aid Society and the National Employment Law Project
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Liberal Gun Club and Commonwealth Second Amendment
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Liberty Justice Center and Momoko Takahashi
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law and the Silicon Valley Chinese Association Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Lugar Center and the Levin Center at Wayne Law
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Manhattan Institute for Policy Research, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Mortgage Bankers Association, et al. in Support of Neither Party.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Counties, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Counties, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Home Builders and American Forest Resource Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Manufacturers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Manufacturers, et al
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Manufacturers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Manufacturers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Association of Social Workers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Center on Sexual Exploitation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Confectioners Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Confectioners Association, the World Cocoa Foundation, and the European Cocoa Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Conference of State Legislatures, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Congress of American Indians, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Congress of American Indians, the Navajo Nation, the Ute Mountain Ute Tribe, and the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Education Association and National PTA in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Employment Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, National League of Cities and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Health Law Program, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Immigration Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National League of Cities; the U.S. Conference of Mayors; the International City/County Management Association; the International Municipal Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Legal Foundation, Pacific Justice Institute, and Congressional Prayer Caucus Foundation in Support of the Petitioners and Urging Reversal
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Music Publishers' Association, and Recording Industry Association of America
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National School Boards Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the National Women's Law Center, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of The Navajo Nation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Navajo Nation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the New York Bar Foundation and the New York State Bar Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Ninth Circuit Federal Public and Community Defenders
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Niskanen Center, Republican Women for Progress, Bill Weld, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Oklahoma District Attorneys Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Pacific Research Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Product Liability Adisory Council, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Product Liability Advisory Counsel, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Promise of Justice Initiative, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Promise of Justice Initiative, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the R Street Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the R Street Institute, the Wikimedia Foundation, and Public Knowledge
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Recovery Advocacy Project, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and 19 Media Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and 40 Media Organizations, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Republican National Committee and the National Republican Congressional Committee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Retail Litigation Center, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Roanoke River Basin Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation, Roy Lichtenstein Foundation, and Brooklyn Museum
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Rutherford Institute and National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Rutherford Institute and the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Rutherford Institute and the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Rutherford Institute and the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Rutherford Institute, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Rutherford Institute, the Cato Institute, and the National Association for Public Defense
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Service Employees International Union (SEIU), et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church in Canada, the Atlantic Union Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, the North Pacific Union Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, the National Council of Young Israel
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Sikh Coalition, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Southern Poverty Law Center, et al. Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the State of Indiana and 43 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the State of Louisiana, et al
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the State of Tennessee, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the State of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Illinois, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Indiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Louisiana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Texas and Oklahoma
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Texas, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee and West Virginia
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oregon, South Carolina, and Utah
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, West Virginia and Commonwealth of Kentucky
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Texas, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Texas, et al. Filed. VIDED. (11/5/2019)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the States of Utah, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Trevor Project, PFLAG, and Family Equality Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Turkish Red Crescent, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Catholic Charities USA, and Catholic Legal Immigration Network, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Washington Oil Marketers Association and the Washington Association of Neighborhood Stores
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Wisconsin State Senate and Wisconsin State Assembly
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Wisconsin State Senate and Wisconsin State Assembly
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the Women's and Children's Advocacy Project, Equal Means Equal, and Allies Reaching for Equality Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the World Cocoa Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the World Jewish Congress, Commission for Art Recovery, and Ambassador Ronald S. Lauder Filed (Also in 18-1447).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of the World Jewish Congress, Commission for Art Recovery, and Ambassador Ronald S. Lauder Filed (Also in 19-351)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Thirty-Five Former Immigration Judges and Members of the Board of Immigration Appeals
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Thirty-Three Former Immigration Judges and Members of the Board of Immigration Appeals
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Thomas More Society and the Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amici Curiae of three Individual Activists
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Three Intellectual Property Law Professors in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Timothy P. McCleary, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tom Cole, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tort Law Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tort Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Torture Survivors Maher Arar, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Trademark and Internet Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Trademark Scholars in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Treasure State Resources Association of Montana, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tribal Nations and Indian Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tribes and Tribal Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Twenty-Four States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Twenty-Seven Members of the U.S. House of Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tyndale House Publishers et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Tyndale House Publishers, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops & Catholic Legal Immigration Network, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops and Other Religious Organizations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of U.S. Representatives Tom Emmer, Pete Stauber, Michelle Fischbach, and Brad Finstad
 

Brief Amici Curiae of U.S. Reps. Morris Jackson "Mo" Brooks, Jr., et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of U.S. Senator Charles E. Grassley, et al. Filed. (April 13, 2023)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of U.S. Senator Ted Cruz, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of U.S. Senators Mike Lee, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of U.S. Senators Patty Murray, Sherrod Brown, and Jack Reed
 

Brief Amici Curiae of U.S. Terror Victims in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Uber Technologies, Inc. and Postmates, LLC
 

Brief Amici Curiae of UC Berkeley Center for Consumer Law and Economic Justice, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Unite Here International and International Association of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail, and Transportation Workers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United Association of Journeymen and Appentices of the Plumbing and Pipe Fitting Industry of The United States and Canada, AFL-CIO, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipe Fitting Industry of the United States and Canada, AFL-CIO, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipe Fitting Industry of the United States and Canada, AFL-CIO, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United Food and Commercial Workers Western States Council and Teamsters Joint Council 7
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops and Other Religious Organizations in Support of Employers
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops and Other Religious Organizations in Support of Petitioner and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops and Texas Catholic Conference of Bishops
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Representatives from Alabama
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Senator Ted Cruz, and 24 Other U.S. Senators
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Senators and Representatives
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Senators Roy Blunt, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of United States Senators Ted Cruz, Marsha Blackburn, John Cornyn, Tom Cotton, James M. Inhofe, James Lankford, and Mike Lee
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Upstate Forever and Savannah Riverkeeper
 

Brief Amici Curiae of US Senators Lisa Murkowski, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Utah and 14 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Ute Mountain Ute Tribe, Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma, Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Various Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Veterans in Defense of Liberty, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Veterans in Defense of Liberty, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Victims of the Hungarian Holocaust
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of War Powers Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation and Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Washington State Tax Practitioners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Washington State Tax Practitioners
 

Brief Amici Curiae of West Virginia and 8 Other States
 

Brief Amici Curiae of West Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of West Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of West Virginia, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Western Growers Association; California Fresh Fruit Association; Grower-Shipper Association of Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties; and Ventura County Agricultural Association
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Western States Sheriffs' Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Western Water Users and Trade Associations
 

Brief Amici Curiae of White House Watch, a Project of United States Public Policy Council, et al. Filed (File Date Corrected)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Whole Woman's Health and Whole Woman's Health Alliance Filed (in 18-1460)
 

Brief Amici Curiae of William D. Araiza and 14 Other Constitutional, Criminal and Administrative Law Professors
 

Brief Amici Curiae of William English, Ph.D. and the Center for Human Liberty
 

Brief Amici Curiae of William N. Eskridge Jr. and Andrew M. Koppelman Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Wintergreen Property Owners Association, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Wisconsin Majority Leader Scott Fitzgerald and Speaker Robin Vos Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Wisconsin Physicians Service Insurance Corporation and WPS Health Plan, Inc.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Wisconsin Voter Alliance, et al. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Women Scholars
 

Brief Amici Curiae of World Faith Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of World Faith Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Wyoming Stock Growers Association, et al.
 

Brief amici curiae of Wyoming Stock Growers Association, et al. filed.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Yale New Haven Health System, BJC Health Care, UPMC and Vanderbilt University Medical Center
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Yale New Haven Health System, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae of Zionist Organization of America, et al.
 

Brief Amici Curiae the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU Foundation of Kansas in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amici Curiae the International Municipal Lawyers Association, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Immigration Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae and Appendix of Professor Robert W. Bennett
 

Brief Amicus Curiae and Appendix of Professor Robert W. Bennett
 

Brief Amicus Curiae by the Zionist Organization of America (ZOA) in Support of Petitioners Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for Agricultural Business Organizations Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for Agricultural, Building, Forestry, Livestock, Manufacturing, Mining, and Petroleum Business Interests in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for the American Forest & Paper Association and National Mining Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for the American Legislative Exchange Council in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for the Civil Rights Forum in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for the Eastern Shoshone Tribe
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for the Michigan Beer and Wine Wholesalers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae for Unisone Strategic IP, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of 97Percent
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of A. Lavar Taylor
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of AbbVie Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of ACA International
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of ACA International, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Academy of Rail Labor Attorneys
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Academy of Rail Labor Attorneys
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of ACT | The App Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Adam J. Levitin
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Aditya Bamzai in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Aditya Bamzai in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Administrative Law Scholars in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Advanced Biofuels Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Advanced Medical Technology Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Advancing American Freedom
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Adventist Development and Relief Agency International
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Advocates for Minor Leaguers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Agudath Israel of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of AIDS Healthcare Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Airlines for America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Airlines for America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Airlines for America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alabama
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alabama Center for Law and Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alabama Center for Law and Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alabama Center for Law and Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alabama Center for Law and Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alabama Center for Law and Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alabama Center for Law and Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alan B. Morrison in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alan B. Morrison Urging Affirmance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alaska Federation of Natives
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alaska Federation of Natives
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alliance Defending Freedom in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alliance for Choice in Education
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Alliance for Transparent and Affordable Prescriptions
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Altria Group, Inc. Filed (Also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Amazon.com, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America First Legal
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America First Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America First Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America First Policy Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America First Policy Institute (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America First Policy Institute (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America's Future, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America's Health Insurance Plans
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America's Health Insurance Plans
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America's Health Insurance Plans Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of America's Health Insurance Plans, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Academy of Physician Life Care Planners in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Antitrust Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Antitrust Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Antitrust Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Antitrust Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Antitrust Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association of Railroads
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association of Suicidology
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Association of Swine Veterinarians
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Atheists, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Atheists, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Bar Association Filed (also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Benefits Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Beverage Licensees
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law & Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law & Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law & Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice (also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Civil Liberties Union Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Civil Rights Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American College of Bankruptcy in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American College of Tax Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American College of Tax Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American College of Tax Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American College of Tax Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American College of Tax Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American College of Tax Counsel in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American College of Trust and Estate Counsel in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Conservative Union Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Constitutional Rights Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Constitutional Rights Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Constitutional Rights Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Constitutional Rights Union Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Constitutional Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Cornerstone Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Farm Bureau Federation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Farm Bureau Federation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Federation of Government Employees and American Federation of Teachers in Support of Respondent Vogt
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Hindu Coalition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Hospital Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Humanist Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Humanist Association Filed. (October 7, 2020)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Immigration Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association Filed in Support of Neither Party.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Jewish Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Legislative Exchange Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Legislative Exchange Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Maritime Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Medical Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Motorcyclist Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Petroleum Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Planning Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Planning Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Small Business League
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Target Advertising, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American Trucking Associations, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Fair Treatment
 

Brief amicus curiae of Americans for Fair Treatment
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans for Tax Reform
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Americans United for Life
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Amnesty International
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Andrew N. Vollmer in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Andy Altahawi
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Anmol Singh Kamra
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Anthony Michael Sabino
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Anthony Michael Sabino
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Anti-Defamation League
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Anti-Defamation League
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Anti-Defamation League in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of APA Watch
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of APA Watch in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Appalachian Trail Conservancy in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Apple Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Arab American Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Arbitration Scholar Imre Stephen Szalai
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of ArchCity Defenders and Legal Services of Eastern Missouri
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Arizona Capital Representation Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Arizona Prosecuting Attorneys' Advisory Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Arizona Voice for Crime Victims
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Art Law Professors
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Art Professor Richard Meyer in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ashish Virmani Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Asian Americans Advancing Justice I AAJC, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Askeladden L.L.C.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Askeladden L.L.C. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Asma T. Uddin
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Asma T. Uddin
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Asociacion de Periodistas de Puerto Rico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Associated General Contractors of America, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association for Accessible Medicines
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association for Accessible Medicines
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association for Accessible Medicines
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association for Accessible Medicines in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association for Community Affiliated Plans Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of Administrative Law Judges
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of Alaska Housing Authorities
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of American Physicians and Surgeons
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of American Railroads
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of American Railroads
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of American Railroads
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of American Railroads
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers of New Jersey
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of Medical Device Reprocessors
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of Medical Device Service Organizations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of New Jersey Rifle & Pistol Clubs, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Association of Professional Responsibility Lawyers in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlanta Gas Light Company
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Basin Refining, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation Filed (Also in 22-506).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Richfield Company
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Atlantic Sounding Co., Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Aubrey Nelson and Sam Evans-Brown
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Authors Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of B.E. Technology, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Bay Area Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Benco Dental Supply Company
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Better Markets, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Bilal Abdul Kareem
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of BioScience Advisors, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Biotechnology Innovation Organization
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Bipartisan Economic Scholars
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Bipartisan Members of Congress
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Black Guns Matter
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Blackwells Capital LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Blanca Telephone Company in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Blue Cross Blue Shield Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Blue Cross Blue Shield Association Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Blue Cross Blue Shield Association Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Boston Patent Law Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Boston University Center for Antiracist Research
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.U. School of Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.U. School of Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Bronx Household of Faith
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Brutus Trading, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of BSA | The Software Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of BSA | The Software Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Building Industry Association of the Greater Valley
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California Applicants' Attorneys Association ("CAAA")
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California DUI Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California Employment Law Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California Farm Bureau Federation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California Governor Gavin Newsom
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California Legislative Women's Caucus
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California Legislature
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California Medical Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California New Car Dealers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California ProLife Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of California School Boards Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Californians for Equal Rights Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Calvin H. Johnson
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Campaign Legal Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Campaign Legal Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Campari America LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Campbell Soup Company
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Canadian Pork Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Capital Punishment Center of the University of Texas School of Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Carlos Delgado Altieri, Mayor of the Municipality of Isabela, Puerto Rico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Caselaw Access Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of CatholicVote.org Education Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of CatholicVote.org Education Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of CatholicVote.org Education Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Catholicvote.org Education Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute Filed (Feb. 13, 2023)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cato Institute Filed (in 20-1410).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cause of Action Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cause of Action Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cause of Action Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cause of Action Institute Filed
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cemetery Law Scholars
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Alcohol Policy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence Filed
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Responsibility
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Constitutional Rights
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Global Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Immigration Law and Policy, UCLA School of Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Individual Rights
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Individual Rights
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Justice and Accountability
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Renewing America, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Reproductive Rights
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Taxpayer Rights
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Taxpayer Rights
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Taxpayer Rights
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for the Rule of Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Workplace Compliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Center for Workplace Compliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Certain Former Commissioners of the American Bankruptcy Institute's Commission to Study the Reform of Chapter 11
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America Filed (in 18-1028).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chantell and Michael Sackett and Duarte Nursery, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chaplain Alliance For Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chase Baumgartner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chemistry and the Law Division of the American Chemical Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cherokee Nation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chevron Corporation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Chevron Corporation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Child Abduction Lawyers Association (CALA)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Child Evangelism Fellowship, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of CHILD USA
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Children's Advocacy Institute at the University of San Diego School of Law in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Christian Business Owners Supporting Religious Freedom Filed (in 19-431).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Christian Family Coalition (CFC) Florida, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Christian Family Coalition (CFC) Florida, Inc. Filed. VIDED. (Also in 19-635)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Christian Family Coalition (CFC) Florida, Inc. Filed. (Also in 19-715 & 19-760)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Christian Legal Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Christian Legal Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens Committee for the Right to Keep and Bear Arms
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens Equal Rights Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens Equal Rights Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens Equal Rights Foundation in Support of Neither Party (also in 22-51)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens for Equal Rights Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens for Equal Rights Foundation in Support of Neither Party filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens for Self-Governance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, and the Presidential Coalition, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, and the Presidential Coalition, LLC in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Public Advocate of the United States, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., English First, English First Foundation, Policy Analysis Center, and Restoring Liberty Action Committee in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, English First Foundation, Public Advocate of the U.S., the Senior Citizens League, 60 Plus Foundation, Gun Owners Foundation, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of CITP Tech Policy Clinic in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of City of Tulsa
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of City of Tulsa, Oklahoma
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Civil Justice Association of California
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Civil Justice Association of California
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Civil Justice Research Initiative
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Civil Procedure Professors
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claimant Seeking Recovery for Wrongful Death of Crewmember
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claremont Institue's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Clause 40 Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Clause 40 Foundation (in 22-6640)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cleveland Lawyers for Life
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Coach Tommy Bowden
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Coalition Against Patent Abuse in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Coalition for Government Procurement
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Coalition for Litigation Justice, Inc., et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Coalition of .Com Brand Owners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Coalition of Human Rights Scholars
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Coalition of Large Tribes
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Coastal Alabama Partnership
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Coles Whalen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of College Athlete Advocates
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Colorado Republican Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Columbia Gas Transmission, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Comcast Cable Communications, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Committee for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Committee for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Committee on Investment of Employee Benefit Assets
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Commonwealth of Kentucky
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Commonwealth of Virginia
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Commonwealth Second Amendment, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Compassion & Choices
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Competitive Enterprise Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Competitive Enterprise Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Computer & Communications Industry Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Concerned Women for America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Concerned Women for America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Concerned Women for America, in Support of the Petitioners and Urging Reversal
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Conference of Chief Justices in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Congressman James E. Clyburn
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Congressman William Thomas
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of ConservAmerica
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Free Speech Coalition, Free Speech Defense and Education Fund, One Nation under God Foundation, Pass the Salt Ministries, Eberle Associates, Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, Restoring Liberty Action Committee, and the Transforming Word Ministries in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constellation Brands, Inc
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constellation Brands, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center Filed (also in 19-896).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center Filed (also in 20-322).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center Filed (in 18-1323)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Constitutional Law Center for Muslims in America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Consumer Bankers Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Consumer Data Industry Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Consumer Energy Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Cook Inlet Region, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Copyright Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Copyright Alliance in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Council on American-Islamic Relations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Council on American-Islamic Relations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Council on American-Islamic Relations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Council on American-Islamic Relations Filed (in 19-251).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Council on American-Islamic Relations Filed with Correction.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Council on State Taxation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Counsel for the County of Los Angeles
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Countrymark Refining and Logistics, LLC Filed. (Corrected Brief Submitted - March 16, 2021).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment below
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment below on the Question Presented by the Petition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Credit Union National Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Credit Union National Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Institute of Harvard Law School
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Institute of Harvard Law School
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Crow Tribe of Indians
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of CTIA - the Wireless Association, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Current and Former U.N. Special Rapporteurs
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Customized Logistics and Delivery Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Daniel L. Hatcher
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Darrell Green
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of David Boyle
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of David Boyle
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of David Boyle
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of David Boyle Filed. (in 19-840)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of David Boyle in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of David E. Weisberg
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of David Orentlicher
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of David Orentlicher in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Developers Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Dialogo por Puerto Rico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Dialysis Patient Citizens
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Digital Justice Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Digital Media Licensing Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Dine Hataalii Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Disabled American Veterans
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of District Attorneys' Association of Georgia
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DKT Liberty Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Dr. Henning Schulzrinne
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Dr. John S. Baker, Jr.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Dr. Leon Barringer
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Dr. Seuss Enterprises, L.P.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI - the Voice of the Defense Bar
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI - Voice of the Defense Bar
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI Center for Law and Public Policy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI Center for Law and Public Policy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI Center for Law and Public Policy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DRI Center for Law and Public Policy Filed. (February 22, 2023 - Corrected Brief and PDF).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Duarte Nursery, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Due Process Institute Filed (in 20-1410).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of DUI Defense Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Eduation & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund Filed. (Also in 19-715 & 19-760)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund Filed. VIDED. (Also in 19-635)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of EarthRights International
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of eComp Consultants
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Economists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of EdChoice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Employers Group
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Employers Health Purchasing Corporation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Employment Law Scholars
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Energy and Wildlife Action Coalition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Energy Equipment and Infrastructure Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Energy Policy Advocates
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Energy Transfer LP
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Engine Advocacy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Engine Advocacy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Environmental Defense Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eric S. Lander
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Espacios Abiertos
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ethics and Public Policy Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Euclid Fiduciary
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eugene H. Goldberg
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eugene Volokh
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eugene Volokh in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Eugene Volokh in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of European Commission on Behalf of the European Union in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Everytown for Gun Safety
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Facebook, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Fair Inventing Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Fair Lines America Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Fair Lines America Foundation, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Fairplay
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Family Research Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of FAMM
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of FAMM
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of FAMM
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of FAMM
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federal Administrative Law Judges Conference
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federal Administrative Law Judges Conference in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federal Arbitration, Inc. Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federal Circuit Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federal Circuit Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federal Circuit Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federal Law Enforcement Officers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federation of American Hospitals
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federation of Defense & Corporate Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Firearms Policy Coalition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of First Amendment Clinic
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of First Amendment Clinic Duke Law School
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of First Liberty Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of First Liberty Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of First Liberty Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of First Liberty Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Floor64, Inc. d/b/a The Copia Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Florida
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Floyd Abrams Institute for Freedom of Expression
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Floyd Abrams Institute for Freedom of Expression
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Forge Youth Mentoring
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Former Attorney General Edwin Meese III
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Former Attorney General Edwin Meese III
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Former CDC Officials
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Former Federal Officials of the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Former Judges and Prosecutors
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Former North Carolina Supreme Court Justice Robert F. Orr
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Former Representative George Miller (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Former Representative George Miller (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Former State Department Attorney Mark B. Feldman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Forum of United States Administrative Law Judges in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foster Parents and Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Chad Everet Brackeen, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights in Education
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights in Education
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights in Education
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Individual Rights in Education in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Founders' First Freedom, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Fourth Amendment Scholars
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Francis J. Coffey, as Personal Representative of the Estates of Leona M. Warsowick, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Franciscan University of Steubenville
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Frederick Douglass Foundation, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Frederick K. Cox International Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Frederick K. Cox International Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Free Press Action in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Free Speech for People
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Freedom X
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of FreedomWorks, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Freeport-McMoRan Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Frontier Communications Corporation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Galen Black
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Galen Black
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Generation Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of George K. Young
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of George K. Young Jr.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Georgia Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Georgia Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers (GACDL)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Georgia Goal Scholarship Program, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Geraci Law LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of GFR Media, LLC (El Nuevo Dia/Primera Hora)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of GlaxoSmithKline plc
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Glynn Lunney
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Goldwater Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Goldwater Institute and Rio Grande Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Goldwater Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Goldwater Institute; Pacific Legal Foundation; Manhattan Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Government of the U.S. Virgin Islands
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Governor Henry McMaster
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Governor Kristi Noem
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Governor of Texas
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Grant & Eisenhofer ESG Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Gray Television, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Gray Television, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Gray Television, Inc. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Great Lakes Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Gregorio Igartua (11/17/2020)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners Foundation, and Heller Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Halliburton Company Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Hamilton Lincoln Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Harpeth Financial Services, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Harvard TPS Coalition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of HCA Healthcare, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Helen Purcell
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Helen Purcell in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of High Tech Inventors Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Hispanic Leadership Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Hispanic Leadership Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Home Depot, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Home School Legal Defense Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Hon. Daniel J. Evans in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Hon. Jenniffer A. Gonzalez Colon, Resident Commissioner for Puerto Rico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Hon. John R. Ashcroft
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Honest Elections Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Honest Elections Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Honest Elections Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of HR Policy Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Human Rights for Kids
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Human Rights for Kids
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Illinois Right to Life
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Law Reform Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Immigration Reform Law Institute (Feb. 2, 2023)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Independence Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Independence Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Independent Petroleum Association of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Independent Women's Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Independent Women's Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Independent Women's Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Independent Women's Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Independent Women's Law Center and Independent Women's Forum
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Independent Women's Law Center Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Indian Law Scholars and Professors
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Industrial Energy Consumers of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Information Society Project at Yale Law School Filed (in 18-1323).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Inner Life Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Innocence Project New Orleans
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Insolvency Law Committee of Business Law Section of California Lawyers Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Instil Bio, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Faith and Family
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Free Speech
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Free Speech
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Free Speech
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Free Speech
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Free Speech
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Free Speech
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Free Speech
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice in Support of Reversal
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Justice, Owners Counsel of America, and Professor Daniel R. Mandelker, Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Policy Integrity at New York University School of Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute for Professionals in Taxation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute of International Bankers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Institute of International Bankers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Intel Corp.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Intel Corporation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Intellectual Property Owners Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Intellectual Property Owners Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Intellectual Property Owners Association Filed in Support of Neither Party.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Interamerican Institute for Constitutional Rights in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Interested Legal Scholar
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Interested Legal Scholar Robert M. Hardway
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Academy of Family Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Academy of Family Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Arbitration Center in Tokyo in Support of Neither Party Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, AFL-CIO
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Municipal Lawyers' Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Sign Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Trademark Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of International Trademark Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Internet Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Internet Commerce Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Investment Company Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of J. Joel Alicea
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of J.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jack Jordan in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of James Madison Center for Free Speech Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jason V. Morgan Filed (in 19-1434).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jed H. Shugerman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jed H. Shugerman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jed Handelsman Shugerman (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jeffrey D. Kahn
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jeffrey Sedlik, Professional, Photographer and Photography Licensing Expert
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jeremy C. Doerre
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jeremy C. Doerre
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jeremy C. Doerre
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jeremy C. Doerre
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jeremy C. Doerre
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jeremy C. Doerre Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jerry H. Goldfeder
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jerry H. Goldfeder
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish Coalition of Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish Prolife Foundation, the Coalition for Jewish Values, Rabbi Yacov David Cohen, Rabbi Chananya Weissman, and Bonnie Chernin (President, Jewish Life League)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Joel Edan Friedlander
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of John Kluge
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of John Michael "Mick" Mulvaney
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of John Pangelinan
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of John Wahl, Chairman, Alabama State Republican Executive Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Jonathan F. Mitchell & Adam K. Mortara in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of JonRe Taylor
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Joshua J. Malone
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Justice and Freedom Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Justice and Freedom Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Kamal S. Kalsi, D.O.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Kidney Care Partners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Kim Harold Peterson
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Korte Enterprises, LLC, d/b/a Korte Tree Care
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Kristin E. Hickman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Landmark Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Landmark Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Landmark Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Landmark Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Landmark Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Landmark Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Landmark Legal Foundation Filed. (in 20-1530)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of LatinoJustice PRLDEF
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Law Enforcement Action Partnership
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Law Enforcement Action Partnership
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Law Professors and Social Scientists
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Lawyers Democracy Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Lawyers for Civil Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Lawyers for Civil Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of League of United Latin American Citizens
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Legal Aid Society Filed (Also in 17-1618 & 17-1623).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Legal Scholar Adam J. MacLeod
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Legal Service Providers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Levi Strauss & Co. and Patagonia Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Libertarian National Committee Filed (Distributed). (Corrected Brief to Be Submitted - March 16, 2020)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Liberty, Life and Law Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Life Legal Defense Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Life Legal Defense Foundation Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Life Legal Defense Foundation Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of LONANG Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Lonang Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Lord Daniel Brennan KC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Los Angeles County Police Chiefs' Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Lyft, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mackinac Center for Public Policy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Madison Society Foundation, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Main Street Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Main Street Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Main Street Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Major Brands, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Making Every Vote Count Foundation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Managed Funds Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Manfred W. Arnold
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Manhattan Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Manhattan Institute for Policy Research
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Marcellus Shale Coalition and Pennsylvania Independent Oil & Gas Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of March for Life Education and Defense Fund Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of March for Our Lives Action Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of March for Our Lives Action Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Maricopa County
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Maritime Law Association of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mark B. Feldman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Maryland
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Law, Brain & Behavior
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Massachusetts Nurses Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Matthew A. Handal
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Matthew A. Handal in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Matthew Bender & Co., Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Medicaid and Medicare Advantage Products Association of Puerto Rico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Members of the Congressional Shadow Delegation of Puerto Rico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Members of the United States Senate
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of MF Global Holdings LTD
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of MF Global Holdings Ltd., as Plan Administrator
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Michael Binday
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Michael J.Z. Mannheimer
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Michael L. Rosin
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Michael Risch
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Michael T. Morley in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Microsoft Corporation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Midland Credit Management, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Midland Credit Management, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Military Order of the Purple Heart
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Military Order of the Purple Heart
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Military-Veterans Advocacy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Military-Veterans Advocacy and Legal Aid Foundation of Los Angeles
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Military-Veterans Advocacy Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Military-Veterans Advocacy Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Monica Toth
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Montana Family Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Montana-Northern Wyoming Conference, United Church of Christ
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Morgan A. Cloud
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Morris & Dickson (Oct. 10, 2023)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mothers Against Drunk Driving
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mothers Against Drunk Driving
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Motion Picture Association, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Motion Picture Association, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mountain States Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mountain States Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mountain States Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mountain States Legal Foundation's Center to Keep and Bear Arms
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of MSCHF Product Studio, Inc. Filed. (Mar.6, 2023)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Muscogee (Creek) Nation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Muscogee (Creek) Nation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Muslim Advocates
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Muslim Advocates
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Muslim Public Affairs Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Nation Education Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Academy of Arbitrators
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National African American Gun Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National African American Gun Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Bankruptcy Trustees
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Chain Drug Stores
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Chain Drug Stores in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Chain Drug Stores, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Chapter Thirteen Trustees
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Consumer Advocates
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Counties, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association Of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Disability Representatives Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Evangelicals
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Home Builders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Home Builders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Home Builders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Home Builders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Home Builders in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Home Builders in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Homebuilders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Insurance Commissioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Insurance Commissioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Patent Practitioners, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Police Organizations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Police Organizations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Scholars
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Scholars
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Shareholder and Consumer Attorneys
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Association of Specialty Pharmacy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Beer Wholesalers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Biodiesel Board
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Black Law Students Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Border Patrol Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Catholic Educational Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National College for DUI Defense
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National College for DUI Defense, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National College for DUI Defense, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Congress of American Indians
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Congress of American Indians
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Congress of American Indians Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Consumer Reporting Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Council of Insurance Legislators
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Creditors Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Creditors Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Defense Industrial Association, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Education Association (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Employment Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Employment Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Employment Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Federation of State High School Associations Filed (in 20-512).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Fraternal Order of Police
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National ICE Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Immigrant Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Immigrant Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Immigrant Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Institute of Military Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Law School Veterans Clinic Consortium
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Law School Veterans Clinic Consortium
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Motorists Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Nurses United
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Pain Advocacy Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Police Accountability Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Republican Redistricting Trust
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Republican Redistricting Trust
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Retail Federation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Retail Federation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Rifle Association of America, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Shooting Sports Foundation Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Taxpayers Union Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Taxpayers Union Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Taxpayers Union Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Taxpayers Union Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Taxpayers Union Foundation in Support of neither party (September 7, 2023)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Treasury Employees Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Treasury Employees Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Treasury Employees Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Treasury Employees Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Treasury Employees Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Whistleblower Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Whistleblower Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of National Whistleblower Center filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Native American Financial Services Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Natural Resources Defense Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Neal Goldfarb
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Neal Goldfarb Filed. (Brief Corrected 3/1/21)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance Filed (Jan. 5, 2021).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance in Support of Texas filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Fishermen's Stewardship Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New England Legal Foundation (June 6, 2023)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Hampshire Right to Life
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New Jersey Civil Justice Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York City Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief amicus Curiae of New York Council of Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Council of Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Council of Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Council of Defense Lawyers Filed (Sep. 13, 2022)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York County Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of NIKE, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Niskanen Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Niskanen Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of North American Meat Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Notre Dame Law School Religious Liberty Initiative
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Nuclear Energy Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Oak Management Corporation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Occupy the SEC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ohio
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ohio
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ohio Chamber of Commerce
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ohio Farm Bureau Federation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ohio Filed.VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Oklahoma Association of Chiefs of Police
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Oklahoma Independent Petroleum Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Oklahoma Independent Petroleum Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Open Markets Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Opportunity Partners, L.P. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Opportunity Scholarship Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Orin S. Kerr
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Outfront Media Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Oxfam America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation and TechFreedom
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation Challenging the Ruling on the De Facto Officer Doctrine
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation Filed (in 20-1410).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Reversal
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, Competitive Enterprise Institute, Cato Institute, and Wisconsin Institute for Law & Liberty in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, Goldwater Institute, the Fairness Center, Empire for Public Policy, Inc., Pioneer Institute, Inc., Reason Foundation, Individual Rights Foundation, and Yankee Institute for Public Policy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pacific Research Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Parents Defending Education
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Partnership Schools
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Patrick G. Eddington
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Patrick J. Charles in Support of neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Patrick J. Charles in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Patrick J. Charles in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Patrick J. Smith
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pelican Institute for Public Policy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pennsylvania Association for Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pennsylvania Family Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pension Rights Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Peter Toren
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pfizer Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pfizer Inc. in Suppoprt of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America Filed. (November 4, 2019)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Philanthropy Roundtable
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Philip P. Kalodner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Philippa S. Loengard
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Phillip Goldstein
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Phillips Black, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Phoenix Center for Advanced Legal & Economic Public Policy Studies filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Physicians Against Abuse Filed. (1/15/2022)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pink Pistols
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pioneer Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pioneer Institute, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Pioneer Public Interest Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of PioneerLegal, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Populi
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Port Ministries International
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Portfolio Recovery Associates, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Portfolio Recovery Associates, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Power Integrations, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Prince George's County, Maryland
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Prof. Zvi S. Rosen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professional Background Screening Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Andrew C. Michaels
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Andrew Michaels in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Andrew Reamer, Ph.D.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Ashley R. Berner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Barry Siegel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Benjamin Eidelson
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Beth A. Colgan
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Bryan T. Camp
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Carlos M. Vazquez
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Charles L. Glenn
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor D. Theodore Rave
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor David E. Bernstein
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor David E. Bernstein
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Derek T. Muller in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Derek T. Muller in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Douglas Laycock
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Dr. Louis Pahlow
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Edward B. Foley in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Edward B. Foley in Support of Neither Party Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Ernest A. Young
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor F. Andrew Hessick
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Fred Smith Jr.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor George A. Bermann
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor George A. Bermann
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Guido Westkamp
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Guy A. Rub
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Hank Adler
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Ilan Wurman in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Jeffrey M. Hirsch
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Jennifer L. Mascott
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Joel S. Johnson
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor John D. Inazu
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor John F. Stinneford in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor John Harrison
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor John Harrison in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Jonathan R. Nash
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Kurt T. Lash
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Kurt T. Lash
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Laura K. Donohue in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Lawrence A. Stein in Support of None of the Parties Filed (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Lea Brilmayer
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Lea Brilmayer in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Michael Kang
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Michael Kang
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Michael T. Morley in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Michael W. McConnell
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Nicholas Stephanopoulos in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Philip A. Pucillo
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Roberta Lea Brilmayer
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Robin Feldman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Scott Dodson in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Seth Barrett Tillman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Stephen I. Vladeck
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Steven Penney
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Tanya Monestier
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Thomas Merrill
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Victor Williams
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor William B. Rubenstein
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor William S. Dodge in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Professor Yanbai Andrea Wang Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Project for Privacy & Surveillance Accountability
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Project on Fair Representation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Project on Fair Representation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Project on Fair Representation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Project on Fair Representation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Project on Fair Representation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Project on Fair Representation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Project on Fair Representation Filed.VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Property and Environment Research Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Proposition 8 Legal Defense Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Proposition 8 Legal Defense Fund Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Prosecutors Against Gun Violence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Protect the First Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Protect the First Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Protect the First Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Protect the First Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Protect the First Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Protect the First Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Protect the Harvest
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of PTAB Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Advocate of the United States, et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Advocate of the United States, et al., in Support of the Employers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Advocate of the United States, U.S. Justice Foundation, Citizens United Foundation, Citizens United, One Nation under God Foundation, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Constitution Party National Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc. in Support of Neither Party filed.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Integrity Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Interest Legal Foundation filed. (Distributed)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Justice
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Justice in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Knowledge
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Policy Legal Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Public Trust Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Quicken Loans, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ralph D. Clifford
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ralph Oman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Randy Elf
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Red Hat, Inc. filed.(3/11/2019)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Representative David Trone
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Representative Raul M. Grijalva
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Republic of Turkiye
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Republican Governors Public Policy Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Republican National Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Republican National Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Republican National Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Republican National Committee Filed (February 12, 2020 - Corrected Brief).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Republican State Leadership Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Republican State Leadership Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Reserve Organization of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Restaurant Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Restaurant Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Restore the Fourth, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Restore the Fourth, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Restore the Fourth, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Restore the Fourth, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Restore the Fourth, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Restore the Fourth, Inc. Filed. (July 6, 2023)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Restoring Integrity and Trust in Elections, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Retail Energy Supply Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Reunite International Child Abduction Centre in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Richard D. Friedman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Richard D. Friedman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Richard James Pierce Jr., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Richard Lawrence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Richard Sander in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Rimini Street, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Robert E. Zuckerman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Robert Leider
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Robert M. Kerr, Director of South Carolina Department of Health & Human Services
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Robert P. Roesser Filed. (Docket Entry Corrected 3/6/23)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Robertson Center for Constitutional Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Roderick and Solange MacArthur Justice Center in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Roger O'Keefe
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Roy Sargeant
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Royal Manticoran Navy: The Official Honor Harrington Fan Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Rural Hospital Coalition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Rural Hospital Coalition in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Sailors' Union of the Pacific
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Salesforce.com, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Sam C. Ehrlich
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Sam C. Ehrlich
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Sam C. Ehrlich in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Samuel F. Ernst
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Samuel Halpern
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of San Jaun County, Utah
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of SBH A&I Filed. (Also in 19-825)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Second Amendment Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Self-Insurance Institute of America, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senate of Puerto Rico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Charles E. Grassley
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Charles E. Grassley
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Josh Hawley
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Josh Hawley
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Josh Hawley in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Marsha Blackburn
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Mitch McConnell
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Orrin Hatch
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Sheldon Whitehouse
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Sheldon Whitehouse
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Sheldon Whitehouse
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Sheldon Whitehouse
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senator Sheldon Whitehouse
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Senators Josh Hawley, Mike Lee, and Ted Cruz
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Separation of Powers Clinic
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Separation of Powers Clinic at Antonin Scalia Law School
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Separation of Powers Clinic at Antonin Scalia Law School
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of September 11th Families for Peaceful Tomorrows
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Sergeant Major Jeff S. Howard (Retired)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Service Employees International Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Service Employees International Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Silicon Valley Tax Directors Group
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Simon Tam
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Singleton Plaintiffs in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Small Business and Entrepreneurship Council in Support of neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Small Business Majority Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Small Refineries Coalition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Societe Nationale SNCF SA in Support of Neither Party Filed (also in 18-1447). VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Societe Nationale SNCF SA in Support of Neither Party Filed (also in 19-351).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Society for Human Resource Management
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Software Freedom Law Center Filed. (1/17/2020)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of South Carolina
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation Filed (in 20-1199)
 

Brief amicus curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation filed.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southern Policy Law Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Southwestern Law Student Lindsey N. Ursua, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Speaker Michael C. Turzai
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Speaker of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Spectrum Settlement Recovery, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Speech First
 

Brief amicus curiae of St. Tammany Parish Government filed.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of St. Thomas More Lawyers Guild of Rochester, New York
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of Alaska
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of Alaska
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of Alaska
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of Alaska
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of Alaska in Support of Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of California
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of California
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of Idaho
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of Maryland
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of State of Oregon
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of States of Oklahoma, et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Stephen E. Sachs in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Stephen I. Vladeck filed. (Sept. 23, 2022)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Stephen M. Shapiro
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Stephen M. Shapiro
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Stephen Wise Temple
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Stephen Wise Temple
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Steve Chow
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Stuart Banner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Student Loan Experts
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Student Loan Servicing Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Stussy, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Sue Wilson, Media Action Center Filed (Corrected PDF Submitted - 1/14/21). (Distributed)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Summus 2, LLC dba Summus Outdoor
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Superior Communications, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Surescripts, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Tawainna Anderson Individually and as Administratrix of the Estate of Nylah Anderson a Deceased Minor
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Tax Clinic at the Legal Services Center of Harvard Law School
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Taxpayers against Fraud Education Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Taxpayers against Fraud Education Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Taxpayers Against Fraud Education Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Taxpayers against Fraud Education Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Taxpayers against Fraud Education Fund Filed. (Mar. 7, 2023)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Taxpayers for Honest Elections
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of TechFreedom
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of TechFreedom filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Ted Cruz, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Texas
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Texas
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Texas
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Texas Advocacy Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Texas Association of School Boards Legal Assistance Fund
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Texas House Representative Carl Isett
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Texas Medical Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Texas Public Policy Foundation, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Civil Rights Union
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American College of Trust & Estate Counsel in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Conservative Union Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Cornerstone Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Jewish Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Jewish Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Legion
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Legion
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Legislative Exchange Council
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Planning Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Statistical Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the American Waterways Operators
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Association for Accessible Medicines in Support of the Petition for Certiorari
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Association for Community Affiliated Plans
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Association of Amicus Counsel
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Buckeye Institute (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the California Business and Industrial Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Californians for Equal Rights Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Catholic Benefits Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Cato Institute Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Center for Auto Safety
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Center for Taxpayer Rights
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Center for Workplace Compliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Center for Workplace Compliance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Center for Workplace Compliance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber Of Commerce Of the United States Of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Coca-Cola Company
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Coca-Cola Company
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Colorado Democratic Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Commercial Law League of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Committee to Support the Antitrust Laws
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Committee to Support the Antitrust Laws
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Computer & Communications Industry Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Conference of Chief Justices in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Copyright Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Council of the Great City Schools
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Council of the Great City Schools
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Criminal Bar Association of England & Wales
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the District Attorneys Association of the State of New York
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Edison Electric Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Federation of American Hospitals
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Foundation for Government Accountability
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Foundation for Government Accountability (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Foundation for Government Accountability (also in 22-535)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Petitioners, Donald J. Trump, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Freedom and Justice Foundation, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Fynder Group, Inc. d/b/a Nature's Fynd
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Guttmacher Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Holocaust Art Restitution Project, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Honorable Scott Walker
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Independent Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Independent Women's Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Indiana Trial Lawyers Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Inland River Harbor and Fleeting Coalition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Innocence Network
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the International Center for Law and Economics
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the International Trademark Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the International Trademark Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the International Trademark Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the International Trademark Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the International Trademark Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the International Trademark Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Islam and Religious Freedom Action Team of the Religious Freedom Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Islam and Religious Freedom Action Team of the Religious Freedom Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Islam and Religious Freedom Action Team of the Religious Freedom Institute filed. VIDED.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Judgment Below in Support
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Justice Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Knights of Columbus Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the League for Sportsmen, Law Enforcement and Defense
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Legal Aid Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Liberal Gun Club
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Liberty Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Markup
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Miami International Arbitration Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Motion Picture Association, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Academy of Arbitrators
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Community Health Centers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Federal Defenders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Manufacturers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Association of Manufacturers
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Catholic Educational Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Consumer Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Fraternal Order of Police
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs ("COLPA"), et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs (COLPA) Filed on Behalf of Orthodox Jewish Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Police Accountability Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Republican Redistricting Trust
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Republican Redistricting Trust
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Rifle Association Freedom Action Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Whistleblower Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the New Civil Liberties Alliance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the New York Intellectual Property Law Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Nielsen Company (US), LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the North America Branch of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the NRSC (also in 22-324)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the NRSC filed (also in 22-611).
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Pension Rights Center Filed (October 29, 2019)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Protect Democracy Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Protect Democracy Project (Also in 22-506)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the R Street Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the R Street Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Republican National Committee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Rutherford Institute
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Sikh Coalition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Society for Corporate Governance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Society for Corporate Governance
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Society for Human Resource Management
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Society for Human Resource Management
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Software & Information Industry Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the State of Texas
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the States of Texas, et al. Filed. VIDED. (11/5/2019)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Town of Taos, New Mexico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Town of Taos, New Mexico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the United States Technology Policy Committee of the ACM in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Utah Highway Patrol Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of the Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Third Party Payment Processors Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Thomas A. Scully
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Thomas B. Nachbar Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Thomas More Law Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Thomas More Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Thomas More Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Thomas More Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Thomas More Society
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Thomas P. Vartanian
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Timothy Howard
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of TiVo Corporation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of TiVo Corporation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Toby S. Edelman
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Tony's Chocolonely
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Torah Umesorah
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of TotalEnergies Gas & Power North America, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Town of Taos, New Mexico
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Tracy Chen, in Her Representative Proxy Capacity on Behalf of the State of California
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Trinity Legal Center
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Truth in Advertising, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of U.N. Special Rapporteur on the Right to Privacy Joseph Cannataci in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of U.S. Army Defense Appellate Division
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of U.S. Citizens for Equal Protection, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of U.S. Lumber Coalition
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of U.S. Rep. Andy Biggs, et al.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Uber Technologies, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Unified Patents, LLC
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Unified Patents, LLC in Support of Neither Party and of Reversal
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United Against Nuclear Iran
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United Farm Workers of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians in Oklahoma
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United Policyholders
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United Policyholders, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States Filed (Corrected Brief Filed - November 28, 2022)
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States House of Representatives
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States House of Representatives
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States House of Representatives
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States House of Representatives
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States in Support of Vacatur
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United States Supporting Vacatur
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of United Therapeutics Corp.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of University of Puerto Rico Amicus Justitiae Probono Project
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of US Inventor, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of US Inventor, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of USA Sales, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of USA Sales, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Utility Air Regulatory Group
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of VanHo Law
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Verizon Communications Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Victoria Burke
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Vinz Koller
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Vinz Koller
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Virgin Islands Bar Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Vivek Ramaswamy
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Voatz, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of W. Burlette Carter
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Washington Legal Foundation Filed. VIDED
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Waterways Council, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Wayne County, Michigan
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Website and Graphic Designers in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Western Manufactured Housing Communities Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Western Urban Water Coalition in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of William Fielding, Trustee
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of William Jones
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of William R. Weinstein
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Wine and Spirits Wholesalers of America, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Wine and Spirits Wholesalers of Tennessee, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Wisconsin Institute for Law & Liberty
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Wisconsin Legislature
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Wisconsin Realtors Association
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Workers' Injury Law and Advocacy Group
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Yale Law School Center for Global Legal Challenges
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Young Americans for Liberty, Inc.
 

Brief Amicus Curiae of Zionist Organization of America
 

Brief Amicus Curiae on Behalf of Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen's Associations, Alaska Trollers Association, Institute for Fisheries Resources, Fly Fishers International, Northwest Sportfishing Industry Association, Northwest Guides and Anglers Association, Association of Northwest Steelheaders, and the Conservation Angler in Support of Respondents
 

Brief Amicus Curiae the National Republican Redistricting Trust
 

Brief and Separate Statutory Appendix of Petitioner Robert Mallory
 

Brief Brief for Legal Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Equality Now, Human Rights Watch, and Other Human Rights Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for "Vicky" and "Andy" in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for 104 Health Law Professors in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for 11 Professors in Support of Amgen, Inc., Et Al.As Cross-Petitioners
 

Brief for 118 Law, Economics, and Business Professors and the American Antitrust Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 118 Members of Congress As in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 12 Women Who Attest to the Importance of Free Speech in Their Abortion Decisions in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 123 Members of the United States Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 14 Scholars of Forensic Evidence in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for 16 Public Pension Funds in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 163 Members of Congress in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 167 Members of the U.S. House of Representatives and 44 U.S. Senators in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 167 Members of the U.S. House of Representatives and 44 U.S. Senators in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 172 Members of the U.S. House of Representatives and 40 U.S. Senators in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for 1851 Center for Constitutional Law in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 186 Members of the U.S. House of Representatives and 39 Members of the U.S. Senate in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 207 Members of Congress in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 21 Past Presidents of the D.C. Bar in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 21 Past Presidents of the D.C. Bar in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 21st Century Casualty Company, 21st Century Insurance Company, 21st Century Insurance Company of the Southwest, and 21st Century Insurance Group in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 22 Law, Economics and Business Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for 226 U.S. Mayors; Mayors for the Freedom to Marry; U.S. Conference of Mayors; Int'l Municipal Lawyers Association; Nat'l League of Cities; Cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, New York, and 36 Other Cities in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for 23 Pro-Life Organizations and the Judicial Education Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 24 Scholars of Federalism in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 240 Students, Faculty, and Staff at Religiously Affiliated Universities in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 25 Intellectual Property Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 278 Employers and Organizations Representing Employers in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for 28 California Community Groups in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for 3,348 Women Injured by Abortion and the Justice Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 33 Practicing-Entity Patent Owners in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for 33 Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 36 Intellectual Property and Copyright Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for 37 Law, Business, and Economics Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 379 Employers and Organizations Representing Employers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 39 Undergraduate and Graduate Student Organizations Within the University of California in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 3M Co., General Electric Co., the Procter & Gamble Company, and Johnson & Johnson in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 3M Company, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Cargill Incorporated, Caterpillar Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Exxon Mobil Corporation, Glaxosmithkline LLC, Illinois Tool Works Inc., Johnson & Johnson, Monsanto Company, Pfizer Inc., Philips Electronics North America Corp., the Procter & Gamble Company, Qualcomm Incorporated and Sanofi US in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 3M Company, Caterpillar Inc., Johnson & Johnson, Procter & Gamble, General Electric Company, Eli Lilly and , BP, E.I. Du Pont De Nemours and Company, Ecolab Inc., Dolby Laboratories Boston Scientific Corporation, and the Valspar Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for 40 Days for Life in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 41 Law, Economics, and Business Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 43 Social Science Researchers and Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 44 Law, Economics and Business Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for 48 Internet Companies, Retailers, and Associations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 5 Consumer Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 50 Catholic Theologians and Ethicists in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 50 Catholic Theologians and Ethicists in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 50 Intellectual Property Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for 51 Computer Scientists as Amici Curiae in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for 53 Current Members of the Texas State Senate and House of Representatives in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 57 Criminal Law and Procedure Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for 61 Professors of Law and Economics in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 63 California Indian Tribes in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 72 Professors of Intellectual Property Law as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 77 Former State Attorneys General (Non-Virginia) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for 823 Social Scientists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for 91 Members of the United States House of Representatives in Support of the Government
 

Brief for 92 Plaintiffs in Marriage Cases in Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Carolina, South Dakota, and Texas in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for A Child is Missing, Inc., and Practitioners and Specialists in Hague Convention Child Abduction Litigation and the Field of Children and the Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for a Coalition of 340B Entity Groups in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Aaron and Melissa Klein as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for AARP and AARP Foundation as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP and AARP Foundation as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents Michael H. Resh, et al.
 

Brief for AARP and AARP Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP and Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondents Urging Affirmance
 

Brief for AARP and National Employment Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP and National Employment Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP and National Senior Citizens Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP and National Senior Citizens Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP and North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP and the National Legislative Association on Prescription Drug Prices in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP and the National Senior Citizen Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP and the North American Securities Administrators Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP and the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP and the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP and the Public Patent Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP and U.S. PIRG in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP, AARP Foundation, Citizens Against Government Waste, the UAW Retiree Medical Benefits Trust, the National Health Law Program, and the Coalition to Protect Patient Choice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP, AARP Foundation, Justice In Aging, The National Consumer Voice For Quality Long-Term Care, and Nursing Home Ombudsman Agency Of The Bluegrass in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP, American Medical Association, National Legislative Association for Prescription Drug Prices and U.S. Public Interest Research Groups in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP, California Rural Assistance, Inc., Disability Law Center, Family Equality Council, Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., National Disability Rights Network, National Housing Law Project, and Services and Advocacy for GLBT Elders is Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP, Center for Responsible Lending, National Consumers League, and Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP, Families USA, the National Legal Aid and Defenders Association, the National Health Law Program, the National Disability Rights Network, Center for Medicare Advocacy, First Focus, Voices for America's Children, Children's Dental Health Project, the National Center for Youth Law, National Housing Law Project,National REACH Coalition, Disability Rights Legal Center, the American Network of Community Options andResources, Planned Parenthood Federation of America, the National Family Planning & ReproductiveHealth Association, the National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health, Black Women's Health Imperative, National Asian Pacific American Women's Forum, Asian & Pacific Islander American HealthForum in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AARP, Interfaith Worker Justice, National Employment Law Project and National Employment Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP, National Consumer Law Center, American Civil Liberties Union, National Association of Consumer Advocates, and Center for Responsible Lending in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for AARP, National Health Law Program, Services and Advocacy for Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Elders, and National Council on Aging in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AARP, the Consumer Federation of America, East Bay Community Law Center, the National Association of Consumer Advocates, and the National Consumer Law Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AARP, the National Seniors Citizens Law Center, the ARC of the United States, the National Health Law Program, and United Cerebral Palsy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for AASA, The School Superintendents Association; Case, the Council of Administrators of Special Education; the Association of School Business Officials International; and Five Other Educational Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for ABayhdole25, Inc. in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Abbvie Inc. in Support of Amgen Inc., Et Al.
 

Brief for AbbVie, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Abraham Lincoln Foundation for Public Policy Research, Inc., America's Prayer Network, Christians Reviving America's Values, U.S. Justice Foundation, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Abukar Hassan Ahmed, Daniel Alvarado, Dr. Juan Romagoza Arce, Aldo Cabello, Zita Cabello, Aziz Mohamed Deria, Dolly Filartiga, Neris Gonzales, Gloria Reyes, Oscar Reyes, Cecilia Santos Moran, Zenaida Velasquez, Bashe Abdi Yousuf, and the Center for Justice and Accountability in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for ACA International in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for ACA International in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for ACA International in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for ACA International in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for ACA International Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Academic Research Scientists in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Academics in Law, Medicine, Health Policy and Clinical Genetics in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Academics on Gang Behavior in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Academy of Rail Labor Attorneys in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Access to Courts Initiative, Inc., and National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for ACNA Jurisdiction of the Armed Forces and Chaplaincy and Ave Maria University in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for ACT APP Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Action on Smoking and Health, American Thoracic Society, National Association of County and City Health Officials, Public Good Law Center, and Tobacco Control Legal Consortium in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Active and Former State and Federal Prosecutors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Activision Blizzard, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Adam J. Levitin, Professor of Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Additional Family Members of Victims of State-Sponsored Terrorism in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Adello Biologics, LLC, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Administrative & Constitutional Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Administrative Law and Civil Procedure Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Administrative Law Professors and the Judicial Education Project in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Administrative Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Administrative Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Administrative Law Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Adoption and Child Welfare Advocates in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Adoptive Parents Committee, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Adult Pre-ICWA Indian Adoptees in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Advanced Biological Laboratories, SA in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Advocacy for Patients with Chronic Illness, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Advocates for Children of New York, Children's Law Center, Inc., Connecticut Parent Advocacy Center, Equip For Equality, the Legal Aid Society, Legal Services Nyc, National Center For Youth Law, New York Lawyers For ThePublic Interest, New York Legal Assistance Group, Partnership for Children's Rights, And Statewide Parent Advocacy Network in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Advocates for Youth in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Advocates of Human Rights in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for African-American and Hispanic-American Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for AFSCME District Council 37, Health Care For All, and Community Catalyst in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Agilent Technologies, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Agilent Technologies, Inc., Illumina, Inc., Life Technologies Corp., Promega Corp., Qiagen N.V., and Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Agudas Chasidei Chabad of United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Agudath Israel of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Ahold U.S.A., Inc., Albertsons LLC, H.E. Butt Grocery Co.,Hy-Vee, Inc., The Kroger Co., Safeway Inc., Spirit Airlines, Inc., and Walgreen Co. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Aids Foundation of Chicago, Aids Legal Referral Panel, Apicha, Inc., Gay and Lesbian Advocates and Defenders, Gay City Health Project, Global Network of People Living With HIV, HIV Law Project, the Interior Aids Association, Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., Legal Action Center, Metro TeenAIDS, the National Black Gay Men's Advocacy Coalition, National Center For Lesbian Rights, National Immigrant Justice Center, National Women's Health Network, Transgender Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Whitman-Walker Health in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Airlines for America and American Trucking Associations, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Airlines for America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Airlines for America, Regional Airline Association, and Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Airports Council International - North America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Al-Haramain Islamic Foundation, Inc., Wendell Belew, Asim Ghafoor, and Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Alabama and Montana in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Alabama and Texas in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Alabama Appellate Court Justices and Bar Presidents in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alabama Cities and Counties, City of Mobile et al. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Alabama Criminal Defense Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alabama in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alabama Legislative Black Caucus and Alabama Association of Black County Officials, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Kansas, Louisiana, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Rhode Island, South Dakota, and Utah in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Georgia, Hawaii, Indiana, Kansas, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, West Virginia and Wyoming in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Washington, And West Virginia and the District of Columbia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Tennessee, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, and West Virginia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Virginia and West Virginia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Alabama, Arizona, District Of Columbia, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Utah in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alabama, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Maine, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alabama, Colorado, Michigan, Nebraska, Tennessee, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alabama, Georgia, Kansas, Michigan, Oklahoma, and Texas in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Alan B. Morrison in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Alan S. Frankel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Alaska, Colorado, Hawai'i, Kansas, New Mexico, South Dakota, Tennessee, Wisconsin and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Albert Contreras, Patricia Griggs, and Jonathan Kiss in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Albert W. Alschuler in Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Albert W. Alschuler in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Albuquerque Metropolitan Arroyo Flood Control Authority in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alexander M. Shukh, PH.D. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alexandria Boehm, Ph.D., and Mark Gold, D.Env. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Allan G. Halseth in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for ALLCO Renewable Energy Limited in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Allearth Renewables, Inc., Namaste Solar, Petersendean, Inc., Revision Energy, and Westinghouse Solar in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Allergan, Inc., Shire Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Medicis Pharmaceutical Corp., and Somaxon Corp., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Alliance Defending Freedom and Thomas More Society in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Alliance Defending Freedom as Amicus Curiae Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief for Alliance Defending Freedom in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alliance Defending Freedom in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Alliance Defending Freedom in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Allied Daily Newspapers of Washington and Society of Environmental Journalists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Allstate Insurance Company in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Altria Group, Inc., Bank Of America Corporation, Cigna Corporation, Del Monte Foods Company, Dole Food Company, Inc., Dollar General Corporation, Dupont Company, Fedex Corporation, General Electric Company, Hewlett-PackardCompany, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, McKesson Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, NYSE Euronext, Pepsico, Inc., Tyson Foods, Inc., UnitedHealth Group Incorporated, United Parcel Service, Inc., Walgreen Co., And The Williams Companies, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amazon.com, Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., Dell Inc., ESRI, Garmin International, Inc., Google Inc., J.C. Penney Corporation, Inc., Limelight Networks, Inc., Netflix, Inc., Newegg Inc., Red Hat, Inc., SAP America, Inc., SAS Institute Inc., and Verizon Communications Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Ambassador David J. Scheffer, Northwestern University School of Law, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for America's Health Insurance Plans and Association of Federal Health Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for America's Health Insurance Plans as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for America's Health Insurance Plans in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for America's Health Insurance Plans in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for America...s Health Insurance Plans in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Academy of Pediatrics in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academyof Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Benton Foundation, Children Now, and, United Church of Christ Office of Communication, Inc in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for American Anthropological Association, American Academy of Pediatrics, California, and Robert M. Galatzer-Levy, M.D., in Support of Respondents and Affirmance, Addressing California Proposition 8's Stigmatizing Effects
 

Brief for American Antitrust Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Association for Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Association of Attorney-Certified Public Accountants, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Association of University Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Bankers Association, American Escrow Association, Community Mortgage Banking Project, Consumer Bankers Association, the Consumer Mortgage Coalition, the Financial Services Roundtable, Housing Policy Council, Mortgage Bankers Association, and theNational Association of Realtors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Bankers Association, American Financial Services Association and Consumer Bankers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Bankers Association, American Financial Services Association, Consumer Bankers Association, Consumer Mortgage Coalition, Credit Union National Association, Housing Policy Council of the Financial Services Roundtable, Independent Community Bankers of America, Mortgage Bankers Association, and National Association of Federal Credit Unions in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Bankers Association, American Financial Services Association, Consumer Bankers Association, Consumer Mortgage Coalition, Credit Union National Association, Housing Policy Council of the Financial Services Roundtable, Independent Community Bankers of America, Mortgage Bankers Association, and National Association of Federal Credit Unions in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Bankers Association, American Financial Services Association, Consumer Bankers Association, Financial Services Roundtable and California Bankers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Bankers Association, the Clearing House Payments Company L.L.C., Financial Services Roundtable and Consumer Bankers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Bankers Association, the Clearing House Payments Company LLC, Financial Services Roundtable, and the Independent Community Bankers of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Bankers Association,the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America,the Consumer Bankers Association, the Financial Services Roundtable, the Housing Policy Council, and State Banking Associations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for American Bar Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Beverage Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Bible Society, Association of Christian Schools International, Association of Gospel Rescue Missions, Awana Clubs International, Azusa Pacific University, Bethesda Ministries, the Christian and Missionary Alliance, Christian Camp & Conference Association, Compassion International, Crista Ministries, Evangelical Council for Financial Accountability, Moody Bible Institute of Chicago, the Navigators, New Tribes Mission, Trans World Radio, and Upward Sports in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Booksellers Association, American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression, American Library Association, Association of American Publishers, Inc., Comic Book Legal Defense Fund, Freedom to Read Foundation, Great Lakes Independent Booksellers Association, Mountain & Plains Independent Booksellers Association, Pacific Northwest Booksellers Association, Southern Independent Booksellers Alliance, Annie Bloom's Books, Changing Hands Bookstore, Inc., Harvard Book Store, Inc., Paulina Springs Books, Powell's Bookstore, Inc., Schuler Books & Music, Tattered Cover, Inc., The King's English, Inc., Weller Book Works, Village Books, and Dark Horse Comics, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, Association of American Publishers, inc., Comic Book Legal Defense Fund, Entertainment Merchants Association, Freedom to Read Foundation, Pen American Center, Village Voice Media Holdings, llc, and Writers Guild of America, West, inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Business Media, the Coalition for Healthcare Communications, the Consumer Data Industry Association, Corelogic, the National Association of Professional Background Screeners, and Reed Elsevier, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Cable Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Center for Law and Justice and the Christian Legal Society in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union and American Civil Liberties Union of Florida in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union and American Civil Liberties Union of Kansas and Western Missouri in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union and American Civil Liberties Union of Wisconsin in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union and the American Civil Liberties Union of Alabama in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union and the American Civil Liberties Union of Maryland in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union, ACLU Of Maryland, ACLU Of Northern California in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union, ACLU of Missouri, American Humanist Association, Center for Inquiry, Freedom from Religion Foundation, and People for the American Way Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union, Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Impact Fund, Lawyers'?? Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Legal Aid Society of New York City, the National Employment Lawyers Association, New York, the National Fair Housing Alliance, People for the American Way Foundation, and Public Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Civil Liberties Union, Et Al., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Civil Rights Union and the Heartland Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Civil Rights Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Civil Rights Union in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Medical Association, and Massachusetts Medical Society in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Physicians for Reproductive Health, American Academy of Family Physicians, American Nurses Association, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Physicians for Reproductive Health, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Nurses Association, et al. in Support of the Government
 

Brief for American College of Tax Counsel in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Companies in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Council of Trustees and Alumni, the John William Pope Center for Higher Education Policy, and Judicial Education Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Council on Education and 37 Other Higher Education Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Council on Education and 48 Other Higher Education Organizations In Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Council on Education and other Higher Education Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Council on Education and Six Other Higher Education Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Educational Research Association et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Electric Power Company, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Farm Bureau Federation, American Petroleum Institute, Associated General Contractors of America, National Association of Manufacturers, National Cattlemen's Beef Association, and National Mining Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Federation of Government Employees in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Oranizations and Change To Win in Support of Respondents and Suggesting Affirmance
 

Brief for American Federation of Teachers and American Association of University Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Financial Services Association and Consumer Mortgage Coalition in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Forest Resource Council, American Farm Bureau Federation, Public Lands Council, National Cattlemen's Beef Association, and International Association of Geophysical Contractors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American History Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Hospital Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Immigration Council and American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Immigration Council, American Immigration Lawyers Association, and National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Immigration Council, National Immigration Law Center, Service Employees International Union, Advancement Project, LatinoJustice PRLDEF, the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, and Others in Support Petitioners
 

Brief for American Insurance Association, the National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies, and the Property Casualty Insurance Association of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association ("AIPLA") in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Jewish Committee and Jewish Council for Public Affairs in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Jewish Committee and Jewish Council for Public Affairs in Support of the Government
 

Brief for American Jewish Committee in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for American Jewish Committee in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for American Jewish Committee, Anti-Defamation League, Jewish Council for Public Affairs, Jewish Social Policy Action Network, Americans United for Separation of Church and State, National Center for Lesbian Rights, Union for Reform Judaism, Central Conference of American Rabbis, and Women of Reform Judaism in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Jewish Committee, Jewish Council for Public Affairs, Union for Reform Judaism, and Central Conference of American Rabbis in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Jewish Committee, Union for Reform Judaism, Central Conference of American Rabbis, Women of Reform Judaism, Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Meat Institute, North American Meat Association, National Turkey Federation, National Chicken Council in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Medical Association, American Society of Human Genetics, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Osteopathic Association, American College of Legal Medicine, and the Medical Society of the State of New York in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Nurses Association; American Academy of Pediatrics; American Medical Student Association; Doctors for America; theNational Hispanic Medical Association; and the National Physicians Alliance in Support of Petitioners and Reversal on the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for American Payroll Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Petroleum Institute and National Petrochemical and Refiners Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Petroleum Institute, American Road & Transportation Builders Association, Foundation for Environmental and Economic Progress, National Association of Home Builders, National Cattlemen's Beef Association, National Council of Farmer Cooperatives, National Mining Association, Public Lands Council, and Real Estate Roundtable in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Planning Association and Housing Land Advocates in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Psychiatric Association and American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Psychiatric Association, American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, and American Psychological Association Investigators in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American Public Health Association and Whitman-Walker Health in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Public Power Association and National Rural Electric Cooperative Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Sociological Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Sociological Association in Support of Respondent Kristin M. Perry and Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for American Soybean Association, Illinois Soybean Association, Indiana Soybean Alliance, Iowa Soybean Association, Kansas Soybean Association, Kentucky Soybean Association, Michigan Soybean Association, Minnesota Soybean Growers Association, Mississippi Soybean Association, Missouri Soybean Association, Nebraska Soybean Association, North Dakota Soybean Growers Association, Ohio Soybean Association, Tennessee Soybean Association, Virginia Soybean Association, And Wisconsin Soybean Association, National Corn Growers Association, National Association of Wheat Growers, American Sugarbeet Growers Association, and Growers For Biotechnology in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Subcontractors Association in Support of Respondent J-Crew Management, Inc. Seeking Affirmation of the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
 

Brief for American Thoracic Society in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Thoracic Society in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Thoracic Society in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for American Trucking Associations, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Trucking Associations, Inc., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for American Trucking Associations, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American Watch Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee and Other Organizations Supporting Civil Rights for American Muslims in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Americans for Campaign Reform in Support of Appellee
 

Brief for Americans for Forfeiture Reform in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Americans for Forfeiture Reform in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Americans for Forfeiture Reform in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Americans for Immigrant Justice, Et Al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Americans for Peace Now in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Americans United For Separation of Church and State and People for the American Way Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Americans United for Separation of Church and State in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Americans United for Separation of Church and State in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Americans United for Separation of Church and State in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Americans United for Separation of Church and State in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Americans United for Separation of Church and State, American Civil Liberties Union, ACLU of Michigan, National Council of Jewish Women, Sikh Council on Religion and Education, and Unitarian Universalist Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Americans United for Separation of Church and State, American Jewish Committee, the Anti-Defamation League, the Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty, and the Interfaith Alliance Foundation as in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Americans United For Separation Of Church And State; American Civil Liberties Union; ACLU Of Illinois; ACLU Of Northern California Foundation, Inc.; ACLU Of New Jersey; And People For The American Way Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amgen Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amherst, Allegheny, Barnard, Bates, Bowdoin, Bryn Mawr, Carleton, Colby Connecticut, Davidson, Dickinson, Franklin & Marshall, Grinnell, Hamilton, Hampshire, Haverford, Lafayette, Macalester, Middlebury, Mount Holyoke, Oberlin, Pomona, Reed, Sarah Lawrence, Simmons, Smith, St. Olaf, Swarthmore, Trinity, Union, Vassar, Wellesley, and Williams Colleges, and Bucknell, Colgate, Tufts, Washington & Lee, and Wesleyan Universities, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae 77 Hospitals and Southwest Consulting Associates
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Abbvie, Inc., Allergan, Inc., and Celgene Corp. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Ahold U.S.A., Inc.; Albertsons LLC; the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company, Inc.; H.E. Butt Grocery Co.; Hy-Vee, Inc.; the Kroger Co.; Meijer, Inc.; Publix Super Markets, Inc.; Raley's; Rite Aid Corporation; Safeway Inc.; Supervalu, Inc.; and Walgreen Co. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amici Curiae American Jewish Committee, Anti-Defamation League, County of Santa Clara, Democracy 21, Demos, Friends of the Earth, Government Accountability Project, National Council of Jewish Women, Natural Resources Defense Councils
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Amnesty International USA, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Human Rights First, and the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Antitrust Law & Economics Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Association of American Medical Colleges, et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Bipartisan Group of 65 Current and Former State Legislators in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Amici Curiae California Women's Law Center, Gender Justice, Legal Voice, and Southwest Women's Law Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Cause of Action Institute and National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Charles Fried and Robert C. Post in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Charlotte Lozier Institute, March for Life Education Fund, and National Pro-Life Women's Caucus in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Corpus-Linguistics Scholars Professors Brian Slocum, Stefan Th. Gries, and Lawrence Solan in Support of Employees
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Council for Christian Colleges & Universities, et al., in Support of the Employers
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Criminal Defense Experts
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Defend My Privacy, et al., in Support of the Employers
 

Brief for Amici Curiae E-Discovery Institute et al., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Equal Rights Advocates, Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, California Women Lawyers, Hadassah, and the Family Violence Appellate Project in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Florida Water Environment Association - Utility Council; Florida Rural Water Association; and Florida Electric Power Coordinating Group - Environmental Committee in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Former Administrators of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Former United States Immigration Judges in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amici Curiae GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders and National Center for Lesbian Rights in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Institutions of Higher Education in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae International Council of Shopping Centers, Investment Program Association, Nareit, National Association of Retailers, Real Estate Roundtable, National Multifamily Housing Council, NAIOP, American Farm Bureau Federation, and South Dakota Farm Bureau Federation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amici Curiae J. Gregory Sidak and Robert D. Willig in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae John M. Connor, Martin Gaynor, Daniel McFadden, Roger Noll, Jeffrey M. Perloff, Joseph A. Stiglitz, Lawrence J. White, and Ralph A. Winter in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P. and Plantation Pipe Line Company, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Legal Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amici Curiae National Association of Muslim Lawyers and Other Muslim Bar Associations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae National Automobile Dealers Association and State Automobile Dealers Associations for Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon and Washington State in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amici Curiae National Taxpayers Union Foundation, Americans for Prosperity, Freedomworks, Freedom Partners Chamber of Commerce, and Institute for Policy Innovation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Nineteen Colleges and Universities in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae of Immigration, Labor and Employment Law Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Prof. David S. Evans and Prof. Richard Schmalensee in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Retail Litigation Center, Inc. and Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Retail Litigation Center, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Scholars of Constitutional Law and Legal History Supporting the First Circuit's Ruling on the Appointments Clause Issue
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Scholars of Immigration Law in Support of Respondents on the History of the Immigration and Nationality Act
 

Brief for Amici Curiae the American Immigration Lawyers Association and the Immigrant Defense Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amici Curiae the National Immigrant Justice Center and the American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amici Curiae the Presiding Bishop and President of the House of Deputies of the Episcopal Church, et al., in Support of Employee Litigants
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, et al.
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Washington State Tax Practitioners in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Wisconsin State Senate and Wisconsin State Assembly in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Amici Curiae Women Business Owners and CEOs in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amicour IP Group, LLC in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Australian Retailers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Center for Arizona Policy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Center for Media and Democracy in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Chicago Access Corporation
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Congressman Lamar Smith
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Congresswoman Zoe Lofgren
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Dow Jones & Company, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Equally American Legal Defense and Education Fund in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Eric S. Lander in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae European Company Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Great Lakes Justice Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Immigration Law Scholars in Support of the Respondents
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Immigration Reform Law Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Immigration Reform Law Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Immigration Reform Law Institute in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Institute for Free Speech
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Institute for Free Speech in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae International Business Machines Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Libertarian National Committee in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Megan McCracken and Jennifer Moreno
 

Brief for Amicus curiae Muscogee (Creek) Nation
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Amicus curiae National Association of Wine Retailers
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae National Immigrant Justice Center
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae New York City Sergeants Benevolent Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae of Congressman Lamar Smith
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Professor Gregory C. Sisk in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Professor Joel D. Hesch
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Senator Joseph B. Carnati, III in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Streamlined Sales Tax Governing Board, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae the Cato Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae the Civil Jury Project at New York University School of Law in Support of Neither Side
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae the National Association of Disability Representatives
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Amicus Curiae by Invitation of the Court
 

Brief for Amnesty International Human Rights Watch, and the International Commision of Jurists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Amnesty International, et al. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for And Then There Were None in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Animal Health Institute and Merial Limited in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Anne Alstott, Marvin Chirlestein, Mihir Desai, Michael Graetz, Daniel Halperin, Mitchell Kane, Lawrence Lokken, Robert Peroni and Alvin Warren in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Anthony Corrado, Thomas Mann, and Norman Ornstein in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Anti-Defamation League in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Anti-Defamation League in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Anti-Defamation League, American Israel Public Affairs Committee, Association of Proud American Citizens Born in Jerusalem, Israel, B'Nai B'Rith International, Central Conference of American Rabbis, Hadassah, the Women's Zionist Organization of America, Inc., Jewish Council for Public Affairs, National Council of Jewish Women, National Council of Young Israel, Union for Reform Judaism, Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, Women of Reform Judaism, and Women's League for Conservative Judaism in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Antitrust Economists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Antitrust Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Antitrust Professors and Scholarsin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Antitrust Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Antitrust Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Antitrust-Law Professors and Economists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for APA Watch in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for APA Watch in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for APA Watch in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Apotex, Inc. and Apotex Corp. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Apotex, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Apotex, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Appellant Arizona State Legislature
 

Brief for Appellant Shaun McCutcheon
 

Brief for Appellants
 

Brief for Appellants
 

Brief for Appellants Beverly R. Gill, et al.
 

Brief for Appellants Linda Lamone, et al.
 

Brief for Appellants McCrory and Whitney
 

Brief for Appellants Robert A. Rucho, et al.
 

Brief for Appellants Robert J. Wittman, et al.
 

Brief for Appellants Sue Evenwel, et al.
 

Brief for Appellants Virginia House of Delegates, et al.
 

Brief for Appellants Wesley W. Harris, et al.
 

Brief for Appellants, Alabama Democratic Conference, et al.
 

Brief for Appellants, Alabama Legislative Black Caucus, et al.
 

Brief for Appellee Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission
 

Brief for Appellee Secretary of State Michele Reagan in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Appellees
 

Brief for Appellees
 

Brief for Appellees (Congressional Districts)
 

Brief for Appellees Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission, et al.
 

Brief for Appellees Gloria Peronhuballah & James Farkas
 

Brief for Appellees Golden Bethune-Hill, et al.
 

Brief for Appellees Greg Abbott, in His Official Capacity as Governor of Texas, et al.
 

Brief for Appellees John Benisek, et al.
 

Brief for Appellees Latino Redistricting Task Force, Et Al., Mexican American Legislative Caucus and Shannon Perez, Et Al.
 

Brief for Appellees other than the United States (State House Districts)
 

Brief for Appellees Texas Latino Redistricting Task Force and Mexican American Legislative Caucus, and Shannon Perez
 

Brief for Appellees Texas Latino Redistricting Task Force, et al., Mexican American Legislative Caucus and Shannon Perez, et al.
 

Brief for Appellees Texas Latino Redistricting Task Force, et al., Mexican American Legislative Caucus and Shannon Perez, et al.
 

Brief for Appellees the Conference of NAACP Branches and Congresspersons Eddie Bernice Johnson, Sheila Jackson-Lee, and Alexander Green
 

Brief for Appellees Virginia State Board of Elections
 

Brief for Appellees Wendy Davis and League of United Latin American Citizens
 

Brief for Appellees William Whitford, et al.
 

Brief for Appellees, Alabama, et al.
 

Brief for Apple Inc. and Intel Corporation in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Apple, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Aquatic Scientists and Scientific Societies as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Arbitration and Contracts Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Arbitration Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Arbitration Scholar Imre S. Szalai as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Arizona and Thirteen Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Arizona Association for Justice/Arizona Trial Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Arizona Attorneys for Criminal Justice, Connecticut Criminal Defense Lawyers Association, and Iowa Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Arizona Employers for Immigration Reform, the Arizpna Hispanic Chamber of Commerce, the American Subcontractors Association of Arizona, and Hill & Usher, L.L.C., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Arizona, Arkansas, Idaho, Indiana, Mississippi, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Vermont and Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Arizona, Georgia, South Carolina, and South Dakota in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Arkansas, Alabama, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Louisiana, Maine, Mississippi, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Arkansas, et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for ARRIS Group, Inc., Arm, Inc., Charter Communications, Inc., Cox Communications, Inc., HP Inc., and Netapp, Inc. as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Art Com Innovationpool GmbH in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Arup Laboratories, Inc., and Laboratory Conporation of America Holdings (d/b/a Labcorp) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Asian American Justice Center, National Council of La Raza, Latino Justice PRLDF, Drug Policy Alliance, United Sikhs, South Asian Americans Leading Together, Asian Law Alliance, Sikh American Legal Defense and Education Fund, Asian Law Caucus, Asian Pacific American Legal Center of Southern California, Northern Manhattan Coalition for Immigrant Rights as in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Asian American Public Interest Groups in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Asian Americans Advancing Justice AAJC and Other Immigrants' Rights Groups in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Asian Americans Advancing Justice and Other Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Asian Americans Advancing Justice, AAJC and other civil rights and advocacy groups in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Asian Americans Advancing Justice, AAJC, National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials Educational Fund and 72 Other Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Asian Americans Advancing Justice, LatinoJustice PLRDEF, and Other Civil Rights and Immigrants' Rights Groups in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Asista Immigration Assistance, the Immigrant Defense Project, the Immigrant Legal Resource Center, the National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild, and the Washington Defender Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Askeladden LLC in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Askeladden, LLC in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers; National Association for Rational Sexual Offense Laws and North Carolina RSOL in Support of Petitioner and Reversal
 

Brief for Association Internationale Pour La Protection De La Propriete Intellectuelle and International Association for the Protection of Intellectual in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Association of American Railroads in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Association of American Railroads in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Association of American Universities, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Council on Education, Association of American Medical Colleges, Association of Independent Research Institutes, Association of Public and Landgrant Universities, the Association of University Technology Managers, Council on Governmental Relations, In Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Association of Art Museum Directors, The Art Institute of Chicago, The J. Paul Getty Trust, Museum Associates dba Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation, the Whitney Museum of American Art, et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Association of Independent Passenger Rail Operators in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Association of Oregon Counties, Idaho Association of Counties, Association of O & C Counties, and Douglas County in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Association of Service and Computer Dealers International, Inc. North American Association Of Telecom Dealers And Owners Rights Initiative in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Association of State Criminal Investigative Agencies, International Association of Chiefs of Police, National Sheriffs' Association, Major City Chiefs Association, Major County Sheriffs' Association, Association of Prosecuting Attorneys, and Rockland County District Attorney, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Association on American Indian Affairs, National Congress of American Indians, National Indian Child Welfare Association, Indian Tribes, and Other Indian Organization in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for AT&T Services Inc. and United States Telecom Association in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Atlantic County and Gary Merline in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Atlantic Legal Foundation and New England Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Atlantic Legal Foundation and the International Association of Defense Counsel
 

Brief for Atlantic Legal Foundation and the International Association of Defense Counsel in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Atlantic Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Atlantic Legal Foundation, Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence and Reason Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Atmospheric Scientists and Air Quality Modeling Experts in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Attorneys Information Exchange Group in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Attorneys'?? Liability Assurance Society, Inc., a Risk Retention Group in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Aurelius and Assured
 

Brief for Aurelius Entities in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Austin Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Autism Speaks in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Auto Care Association and International Imaging Technology Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Automotive Aftermarket Industry Association, Automotive Parts Remanufacturers Association, and International Imaging Technology Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Bally Technologies, Inc., Bally Gaming, Inc., and SHFL Entertainment, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Bank of America, NA in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Bankruptcy Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Bankruptcy Law Professors Robert M. Lawless, Bruce A. Markell, and John A. E. Pottow in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Bankruptcy Law Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Bankruptcy Law Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Bankruptcy Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty and General Synod of the United Church of Christ in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Bausch & Lomb Incorporated in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Bay Area Lawyers for Individual Freedom in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for BayBio in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Bayer AG and Bayer Corp. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Bayer AG in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Bayhdole25, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Baylen J. Linnekin and Keep Food Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Beckett Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Belmont Abbey College in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Benjamin F. Hobbs, Shmuel S. Oren, James Sweeney, and Frank Wolak in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law Tax Clinic in Support of the Respondents
 

Brief for Benjamin Todd Jealous, Delores L. McQuinn, and Algie T. Howell in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for BiLaw in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Bioethics Defense Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Bioethics Defense Fund, John M. Thorp, Jr., M.D., and Maureen L. Condic, Ph.D. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Biotechnology Industry Organization in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Biotechnology Industry Organization in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Biotechnology Industry Organization in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Biotechnology Innovation Organization and Croplife International in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Biotechnology Innovation Organization and the Association of University Technology Managers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Biotechnology Innovation Organization in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Biotime, Inc., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Bipartisan and Bicameral Coalition of 121 Texas Legislators in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Bipartisan Economic Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Bipartisan Former Members of Congress in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Bipartisan Group of 174 United States Senators and Members of the United States House of Representatives in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Bipartisan Group of Current and Former Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Bipartisan State and Local Legislators in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Birch Bayh in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Birny Birnbaum, M.S., M.C.P.; Joshua Fischman, J.D., PH.D.; and Robert E. Litan, J.D., M. Phil., PH.D. as in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Birth Mother in support of Petitioners and in Support of Respondent Baby Girl Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Bishopaccountability.Org, the Cardozo Advocates for Kids, Child Protection Project, the Foundation to Abolish Child Sex Abuse, Jewish Board of Advocates for Children, Inc., Kidsafe Foundation, the National Black Church Initiative, the National Center for Victims of Crime, Survivors for Justice, and The Survivors Network Of Those Abused by Priests in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Bishops of the Episcopal Churchin California, Connecticut, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont, and Washington and the District Of Columbia; the Jewish Theological Seminary of America; Manhattan Conference of the Metropolitan New York Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America; the Rabbinical Assembly; the Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association; Reconstructionist Rabbinical College; Rabbi Akiva Herzfeld of Shaarey Tphiloh; the Union for Reform Judaism; Unitarian Universalist Association; United Church of Christ; the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism; Affirmation; Covenant Network of Presbyterians; Friends for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Concerns; Methodist Federation for Social Action; More Light Presbyterians; Presbyterian Welcome; Reconciling Ministries Network; Reconciling Works: Lutherans for Full Participation; and Religious Institute, Inc.in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for BJC Health Care, Capital Area Health Consortium, INC., Henry Ford Health System, Memorial Sloankettering Cancer Center, and Oregon Health & Science University in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Black Women's Health Imperative, Joined by Other Black Women's Health Organizations, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Black Women~s Health Imperative in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Bloomberg LP, the McGraw Hill Companies, Hearst Corporation, Propublica, Associated Press, the Reporter's Committee for Freedom of the Press, and the Texas Tribune in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Massachusetts, Inc., in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for Blue Cross Blue Shield Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Board of Commissioners for Carroll County, Maryland; Board of Commissioners for Cobb County, Georgia; Board of Commissioners for Rowan County, North Carolina; City of Lakeland, Florida; County Commission for Franklin County, Missouri; Forsyth County, North Carolina, Board of Commissioners; Hamilton County, Tennessee, Board of Commissioners, and The Franklin Select Board, Franklin, Vermont, Addressing the Merits in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Bonnie and Shannon Hofer; Roger, Loreal, and Sierra Lauderbaugh; and Craig and Esther Adams in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Boston Bar Association et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Boston Patent Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for BP America, Caterpillar, Conoco Phillips, General Electric, Honeywell, and International Business Machines in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Braun and Hummel in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Breazeale, Sachse & Wilson, llp in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.U. School of Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law and Justice at Stake in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law, American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Restore the Fourth, Inc. and R Street Institute as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law, Justice at Stake, Campaign Legal Center, Demos, Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc.; Common Cause, and the Center for Media and Democracy in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Brevard County, Florida, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Brian R. Galvin in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Brian W. Bulger, Tammie L. Rattray and David A. Wimmer in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employees Division/Ibt in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Brown University, University of Chicago, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Duke University, Johns Hopkins University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, Stanford University, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Bruce Rauner, Governor of Illinois; and Kaneland, Illinois, Unified School District #302 Administrative Support Staff in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for BSA the Software Alliance in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for BSA The Software Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for BSA the Software Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for BSA | the Software Alliance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for BSA | The Software Alliance in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for BSA | The Software Alliance in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for BSA, the Software Alliance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Bundesverband Der Deutschen Industrie E.V., Deutscher Industrie- Und Handelskammertag E.V., Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan, and Paul L.C. Torremans in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie E.V., Deutscher Industrie-und Handelskammertag E.V., Ibec Clg, Konfederacja Lewiatan, and Mouvement des Enterprises de France as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Business Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief for Business Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Business Roundtable and the Society for Corporate Governance as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for Business Software Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Business Software Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Business, Home Building, Real Estate, and Farming Organizations as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for Cablevision Systems Corporation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cake Artists as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for California and Washington in Support Respondent
 

Brief for California Assembly Speaker John A. Perez and Law Professors Concerned with Representative Democracy in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for California Association of Scholars, Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence, Reason Foundation, and Individual Rights Foundation, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for California Attorneys for Criminal Justice and the California Academy of Appellate Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for California Attorneys for Criminal Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for California Business, Civic, Educational, and Religious Figures and Institutions in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for California Construction Trucking Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for California Employment Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for California Endowment in Support of Petitioners and in Favor of the Reversal of the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for California Farm Bureau Federation, California Cattlemen's Association, California Building Industry Association, Building Industry Legal Defense Foundation, & California Business Properties Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for California Health and Human Services agency in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for California Institute of Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Case Western Reserve University, Emory University, George Washington University, Northwestern University, Rice University, Tulane University, University of Rochester and Washington University in St. Louis in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for California Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for California Optometric Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for California Public Employees' Retirement System and California State Teachers' Retirement System in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for California Public Employees' Retirement System, et al in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for California Public-School Teachers as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for California Public-School Teachers, the Christian Educators Association International, and the Center for Individual Rights in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for California School Employees Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for California Social Science Researchers and Admissions Experts in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for California State Sheriffs' Association, California Police Chiefs' Association and California Peace Officers' Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for California State Sheriffs' Association, California Police Chiefs' Association, California Peace Officers' Association, National Sheriffs' Association, Major County Sheriffs' Association, and Los Angeles County Police Chiefs' Association in Favor of Petitioner
 

Brief for California Tow Truck Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for California, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia,Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for California, Alabama, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Washington, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for California, Arizona, Hawaii, Maine, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and South Carolina in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for California, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Mississippi, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for California, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Delaware, District Of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, New Mexico, New York, Rhode Island, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington in Support of Federal Petitioners and Respondents
 

Brief for Calpine Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Cambridge Fiduciary Services LLC in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cameron A. Blau, Esq., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Campaign for Southern Equality and Equality Federation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Campaign Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Campaign Legal Center, the League of Women Voters of the United States, the American Civil Liberties Union, Common Cause, and Democracy 21 in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Canavan Foundation, Claire Altman Heine Foundation, March of Dimes Foundation, Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered, National Association for Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum, and Ovarian Cancer National Alliance in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cancer Legal Research Center of the Disability Rights Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Cardx, Llc in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for CareSource in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Cargill, Incorporated; the Coca-Cola Company; General Mills, Inc.; and Hormel Foods Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Carl E. Heaste in His Official Capacity as Speaker of the New York State Assembly in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Carlos A. Ball in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Carmelite Sisters of the Most Sacred Heart of Los Angeles, Religious Sisters of Mercy of Alma, Michigan, and School Sisters of Christ the King of Lincoln, Nebraska in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Casey Family Programs, Child Welfare League of America, Children's Defense Fund, Donaldson Adoption Institute, North American Council on Adoptable Children, Voice for Adoption, and Twelve Other National Child Welfare Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Catholic Answers, Christian Legal Society, and Catholic Vote Education Fund in Support of Petitioner Hollingsworth and Respondent Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Catholics for Choice, Call to Action, Corpus, a Critical Mass, DignityUSA, the National Coalition of American Nuns, New Ways Ministry, the Quixote Center/Catholics Speak Out, the Women~s Alliance for Theology, Ethics and Ritual, and the Women~s ORdination Conference, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Catholics for the Common Good and the Marriage Law Project in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cato Institute and P.J. O'Rourke in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cato Institute and Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cato Institute in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for CATO Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Cato Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cato Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cato Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Cato Institute, American Farm Bureau Federation, American Land Title Association, National Cattlemen's Beef Association, Public Lands Council and Professors of Property Law in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cato Institute, Andrew J. Coulson in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Cato Institute, Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence, and Atlantic Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Cato Institute, Professors Jonathan H. Adler, Roederick M. Hills, Jr., James Huffman, Daniel A. Lyons, Andrew P. Morriss, Nathan A. Sales, and David Schoenbrod in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cato Institute, Rutherford Institute, Reason Foundation, and Individual Rights Foundation as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cause of Action Institute in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Cause of Action Institute in Support of Repondents
 

Brief for Cause of Action, Southeastern Legal Foundation and Texas Public Policy Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Causeway Capital Management llc in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cecilia Polanco, Star Wingate-Bey, Itzel Libertad Vasquez-Rodriguez, R.J., A.J., G.E., I.G., M.B., K.C., Y.D., and R.H. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Center for Competitive Politics in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Center for Competitive Politics in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence and Harbor Trucking Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence, Missouri Baptist Convention Christian Life Commission, and Christian Legal Society in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence, Pacific Legal Foundation, and Atlantic Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Center for Democracy & Technology and Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Petitioner in No. 13-132 and Respondent in no. 13-212
 

Brief for Center for Democracy & Technology, CTIA-The Wireless Association, United States Telecom Association, Internet Infrastructure Coalition, Digital Media Association, and Information Technology Industry Council in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Center for Intellectual Property Research of the Indiana University Maurer School of Law and Other Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Center on the Administration of Criminal Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Center on the Administration of Criminal Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Center on the Administration of Criminal Law, New York University School of Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Center on the Administration of Criminal Law, New York University School of Law, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Center on Wrongful Convictions of Youth in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Center on Wrongful Convictions of Youth, et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Health and Welfare Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Centurylink, Qwest Communications International, and Windstream Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Certain Current and Former Members of Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Certain Family Members of Victims Killed by Youths in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Certain Members of Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Certain Plaintiffs in Re: Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001 in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Certain TOUSA Defendants in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for Certified Class of Pharmaceutical Representatives from Johnson and Johnson in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America & National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the Property Casualty Insurers Association of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the Property Casualty Insurers Association of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers, American Health Care Association, Business Roundtable, National Association of Manufacturers, and Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Association of Manufacturers, and Retail Litigation Center, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Association of Manufacturers, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, and Business Roundtable in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Federation of Independent Business, and Retail Litigation Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the ERISA Industry Committee, the American Benefits Council, the Plan Sponsor Council of America, and the National Association of Manufacturers, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United Statess of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Chaplain Alliance for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Charles B. Gittings, Jr., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Charles E. Sisney in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Charles W. Adams in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Chasidei Chabad in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Checkpoint Software, Inc., Collateral Analytics, LLC, Daily Motion, Inc., Github, Inc., Guidewire Software, Inc., Hipmunk, Inc., Jive Software, Inc., Linkedin, Inc., Message Systems, Inc., Netflix, Inc., Newegg, Inc., Quantum Corporation, Rackspace, Inc., Ring Central, Inc., Trulia, Inc., Twitter, Inc., and Yelp Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Chemical Weapons Convention Negotiators and Experts in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Cheryl Campagno, Daniel D. Hill, and Frances K. Jennings in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Chevron U.S.A. Inc., Shell Oil Company, ConocoPhillips, E.I. Du Pont De Nemours and Company, and Edison International in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Chicago Area Translators and Interpreters Association, Colorado Translators Association, and El Paso Interpreters and Translators Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Chicago Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Chief Justice Pascal F. Calogero, Jr., the Louisiana Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers (LACDL), and the Promise of Justice Initiative (PJI) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Child Advocacy Organizations in Support of Petitioners on the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for Child Advocacy Organizations in Support of Respondents Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Child Justice, Inc. and the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Child Justice, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Children First Foundation, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for China Chamber of International Commerce as Amicus in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Choose Life, Wisconsin, Inc., Illinois Choose Life, Inc. and Choose Life America, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Chosun International, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Chris Kluwe, Brendon Abynbadejo, and Scott Fujita in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Christian Alliance for Indian Child Welfare in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Christian Educators Association International and Advocates for Faith and Freedom in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Christian Legal Society and Prison Fellowship in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Christian Legal Society, National Association of Evangelicals, And the National Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Christian Legal Society, National Association of Evangelicals, National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference, Queens Federation of Churches, and Institutional Religious Freedom Alliance in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Christian Legal Society, the Anglican Church in North America, Christian Medical Association, Family Research Council, National Religious Broadcasters, and the Queens Federation of Churches in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for CHS Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Church Alliance in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Church Defendant in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Church-State Scholars Frederick Mark Gedicks, Caitlin Borgmann, Caroline Mala Corbin, Steven K. Green, B. Jessie Hill, Richard Schragger, Micah Schwartzman, Elizabeth Sepper, Nelson Tebbe, et al., in Support of the Government
 

Brief for Church-State Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Cisco Systems, Inc., Dell, Inc., and Intel Corporation in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Cisco Systems, Inc., eBay, Inc., Netflix, Inc., Office Depot, Inc., Toyota Motor Corporation, and Trimble Navigation Limited in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Cities, Counties, and Elected Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for CitizenLink, Charlotte Lozier Institute and Students for Life of America, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Citizens Equal Rights Foundation and Central New York Fair Business Association as Amici Curiae
 

Brief for Citizens Equal Rights Foundation and Central New York Fair Business Association as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for Citizens Equal Rights Foundation and Central New York Fair Business Association as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for Citizens Equal Rights Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Citizens Equal Rights Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics In Washington, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, the American Civil Liberties Union, the American Library Association, the Association of Research Libraries, the National Security Archive, and Openthegovernment.Org in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Citizens United for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, English First, English First Foundation, U.S. Justice Foundation, the Senior Citizens League, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Policy Analysis Center, U.S. Border Control Foundation, Constitution Party National Committee, and Institute on the Constitution in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, et al in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, U.S. Justice Foundation, Free Speech Coalition, Free Speech Defense and Education Fund, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners Foundation, Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, English First Foundation, Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Abraham Lincoln Foundation, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Institute on the Constitution, Policy Analysis Center, and Constitution Party National Committee in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for City of Dallas in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for City of Irving, Texas, City of Hugo, Oklahoma, and Hugo Municipal Authority in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for City of New York in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for City of Oklahoma City and Oklahoma City Water Utilities Trust in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Civil Procedure and Complex Litigation Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Civil Procedure and Securities Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Civil Procedure and Securities Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Civil Procedure Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Civil Procedure Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Civil Procedure Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Civil Procedure Scholars in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Civil Procedure Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Civil Procedure Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Civil Rights Organizations in Support of Respondents and Affirmance
 

Brief for Civil Rights Project/Proyecto Derechos Civiles in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Civil Rights Under Law and the National Fair Housing Alliance, Et Al, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Class Respondents Paloma Gaos, et al.
 

Brief for CLS Bank International in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for CME Group Inc., TD Ameritrade Inc., and Intercontinental Exchange Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Coalition Against Trafficking in Women, Equality Now, et al., in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Coalition for Government Procurement in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Coalition for the Protection of Marriage in Support of Hollingsworth and Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Addressing the Merits and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Cochise County Sheriff Larry A. Dever in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Coherus Biosciences, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Colegio de Abogados y Abogadas de Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican Bar Association, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Collaboration on Government Secrecy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Colony Brands, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Colorado and 40 Other States, Two United States Territories, and the District of Columbia as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for Colorado in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Colorado River Indian Tribes and National Congress of American Indians in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Colorado State Board Of Education and Colorado Department of Education in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Columbia Law School Sexuality and Gender Law Clinic in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Comic Book Legal Defense Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Committee of Interns and Residents SEIU; Doctors Council SEIU; and Korean American Medical Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Committee of Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Common Cause and the Campaign Legal Center, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Common Cause and the Voting Rights Institute as Amici Curiae Supporting Appellees
 

Brief for Common Cause Appellees
 

Brief for Common Cause in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Common Law Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Common Sense Media in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Commonwealth Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Communications Workers of America, Greenpeace, NAACP, Sierra Club, American Federation of Teachers, Main Street Alliance, Ourtime.Org, People for the American Way Foundation, Rock the Vote, U.S.PIRG, Working Families Organization and Demos in Support of Appellee
 

Brief for Community Bankers Association of Illinois in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Community Voter Registration Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Comparative Law Scholars and French Supreme Court Justice in Support of Petitioner on the Issue of Extraterritorial Extradition
 

Brief for Compassion and Choices in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Competition Law Professors, Southwestern Law Student Andrew Pletcher, And Professor Michael M. Epstein, in Association with the Amicus Project at Southwestern Law School, in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for Competitive Carriers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Competitive Enterprise Institute & Former State Department Officials in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Complex Litigation Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Comptel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Computer & Communications Industry Association and Mozilla Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Computer & Communications Industry Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Computer & Communications Industry Association; Newegg, Inc.; Pinterest; Quantum Corporation; and Ringcentral, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Concerned Women for America and Susan B. Anthony List in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Concerned Women for America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Concerned Women for America in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Conejo Valley Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Conejo Valley Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Conference of Catholic Bishops, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Missouri Catholic Conference, National Catholic Educational Association, the Salvation Army National Corporation, and General Synod of the Reformed Church in America
 

Brief for Conference of Chief Justices in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Conflict of Law Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Congressman Canseco in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Congressman Steve Stockman, Former ATF Assistant Director Robert E. Sanders, Gun Owners Foundation, U.S. Justice Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Institute on the Constitution, Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Abraham Lincoln Foundation, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, Policy Analysis Center, Oregon Firearms Federation, and Virginia Citizens Defense League in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Connect and the San Diego Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Connecticut and 26 Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Connecticut and 28 Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Connecticut and 34 Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Connecticut Health Insurance Exchange D/B/A Access Health CT in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Connecticut Trial Lawyers Association & American Association for Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center and Institute for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of App
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner Riley and Respondent Wurie
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of the Government
 

Brief for Constitutional Accountability Venter in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Constitutional and Administrative Law Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional and Local Government Law Scholars Michelle Wilde Anderson, Richard Briffault, Richard Thompson Ford, Sheila Foster, Gerald E. Frug, Daniel B. Rodriguez, Richard C. Schragger, and Rick Su in Support of the Cantrell Respondents
 

Brief for Constitutional and Property Law Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Constitutional Law and Economics Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Law and Federal Courts Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Professors, the Judicial Education Project, and Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars and Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars and Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars Ashutosh Bhagwat, Lee Bollinger, Erwin Chemerinsky, Walter Dellinger, Michael C. Dorf, Lee Epstein, Daniel Farber, Barry Friedman, John C. Jeffries, Jr., Lawrence Lessig, William Marshall, Frank Michelman, Jane S. Schacter, Suzanna Sherry, Geoffrey R. Stone, David Strauss, Laurence Tribe, and William Van Alstyne in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars Ashutosh Bhagwat, Lee Bollinger, Erwin Chemerinsky, Walter E. Dellinger III, Michael C. Dorf, Daniel Farber, Barry Friedman, Pamela S. Karlan, Gillian E. Metzger, Frank Michelman, Jane S. Schacter, Suzanna Sherry, Reva Siegel, Geoffrey R. Stone, David A. Strauss, and Laurence Tribe in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars Bruce Ackerman, Ash Bhagwat, Lee Bollinger, Erwin Chemerinsky, Michael C. Dorf, Lee Epstein, Barry Friedman, John C. Jeffries, Jr., Lawrence Lessig, William Marshall, Frank Michelman, Jane S. Schacter, Suzanna Sherry, Geoffrey R. Stone, David Strauss, Laurence Tribe, and William Van Alstyne in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Petitioner United States
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Petitioners (Minimum Coverage Provision)
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Constitutional Law, Federal Courts, Citizenship, and Remedies Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Constitutional, Administrative, Contracts, and Health Law Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Consumer Action and National Association of Consumer Advocates in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Consumer Data Industry Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Consumer Data Industry Association in Support of Petitioners and for Reversal of the Ninth Circuit's Judgment
 

Brief for Consumer Data Industry Association, The National Association of Professional Background Screeners, Reed Elsevier Inc., and The National Association of Screening Agencies in Suppport of Petitioner
 

Brief for Consumer Energy Alliance, NATSO, Inc., American Trucking Associations, Petroleum Marketers Association of America, Energy Corporation, and International Liquid Terminals Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Consumer Respondents
 

Brief for Consumer Watchdog in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Consumers... Research in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Contract Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Contracts Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Cook County in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Coolidge-Reagan Foundation in Support of Appellant
 

Brief for Copyright Alliance and Various Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Cornell Securities Law Clinic as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief for Corporate and Criminal Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Corporate Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Corrections and Law Enforcement Personnel in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Cory R. Maples in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Cosal-The Committee to Support the Antitrust Laws in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Costas Panagopoulos, Ph.D., Ryan D. Enos, Ph.D., Conor M. Dowling, Ph.D. and Anthony Fowler in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Costco Wholesale Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Costco Wholesale Corporation, LG Electronics Inc., Retail Litigation Center, Inc., SK Hynix Inc., And Western Digital Corporation In Support Of Petitioner
 

Brief for Council for Christian Colleges & Universities, Cardinal Newman Society, Pacific Justice Institute, Belmont Abbey College, Benedictine College, Colorado Christian University, John Paul the Great Catholic University, Liberty University, Northeast Catholic College, Southern Nazarene University, St. Gregory's University, The Thomas More College of Liberal Arts, and Wyoming Catholic College in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Council for Responsible Genetics in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Council of Fashion Designers of America, Inc. in Support of Respondent; Amicus Brief for Council of Fashion Designers of America, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Council of Parent Attorneys and Advocates, Children and Adults with Attentiondeficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, and the California Association for Parent-Child Advocacy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Council of State Governments, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Council on State Taxation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Council on State Taxation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Council on State Taxation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Council on State Taxation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for County of Santa Clara, California; the City of Austin, Texas; the City of Baltimore, Maryland; the City of Beaverton, Oregon; the City of Berkeley, California; the City of Boston, Massachusetts; the City of Bridgeport, Connecticut; the Town of Carrboro, North Carolina; the Town of Chapel Hill, North Carolina; the City of Charleston, South Carolina; the City of Cincinnati, Ohio; the City of Columbia, South Carolina; The County of Dallas, Texas; The District of Columbia; the City of Durham, North Carolina; the City of Flagstaff, Arizona; the City of Gainesville, Florida; the City of Hallandale Beach, Florida; The City of Laredo, Texas; The City of Los Angeles, California; the City of Madison, Wisconsin; the City of Miami Beach, Florida; the City of Minneapolis, Minnesota; the County of Monterey, California; The County of Multnomah, Oregon; The National League of Cities; the City of New Haven, Connecticut; the City of New York, New York; the City of Oakland, California; the City of Omaha, Nebraska; the City of Palo Alto, California; the Mayor of the City of Phoenix, Arizona; the City of Portland, Oregon; the City of Providence, Rhode Island; the City of Saint Paul, Minnesota; Salt Lake City, Utah; the City and County of San Francisco, California; the City of San Jose, California; the City of San Leandro, California; the City of San Luis, Arizona; the County of San Mateo, California; the City of Seattle, Washington; the City of Tualatin, Oregon; the City of Tucson, Arizona;the United States Conference of Mayors and the National Legaue of Cities in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Court Appointed Amicus in Support of Judgment
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amica Curiae
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amica Curiae in Support of Judgment
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae Arguing Against Jurisdiction
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae James A. Feldman in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae Stephen B. Kinnaird Defending the Judgment Below
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae Supporting Complete Severability
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus on the Second Question in Support of Judgment Below
 

Brief for Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Criminal Justice Organizations and Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Criminal Law Professors in Support of Petitioner Riley and Respondent Wurie
 

Brief for Criminal Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Criminal Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Criminal Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for CropLife America in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for CropLife International in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Croplife International in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Cross-Respondents COFINA Senior Bondholders' Coalition
 

Brief for CTIA - The Wireless Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for CTIA- The Wireless Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for CTIA-The Wireless Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for CTIA-The Wireless Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for CTIA-The Wireless Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for CTIA-The Wireless Association, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Current and Former Corrections Professionals in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Current and Former Directors of Publicly Traded Companies: Charles M. Elson and Howard B. Wiener in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Current and Former Members of Congress and Staff in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Current and Former Members of Congress in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Current and Former Members of Congress in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Current and Former Members of Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Current and Former Members of Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Current and Former Senior Puerto Rico Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Current and Former Student Body Presidents of University of Texas at Austin in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Current United States Senators Sheldon Whitehouse, Lindsey O. Graham, Ted Cruz, and Christopher A. Coons in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for DACA Recipient Respondents, Make the Road New York, County of Santa Clara, and Service Employees International Union Local 521
 

Brief for Dale R. Cook, Pro Se, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Dalton J. Oldham in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Daniel S. Burks and Reynolds Properties, L.P. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Daryl M. Paton in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for David A. Fruchtman as Amicus Curiae Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief for David B. Nolan, Sr. in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for David Benkof, Robert Oscar Lopez, and Doug Mainwaring in Support of Petitioners and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for David Boyle in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for David Boyle in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for David Boyle in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for David Boyle in Support of Petitioners, on the Non-Jurisdictional Issues
 

Brief for David Boyle in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for David Boyle in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for David Boyle in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for David Boyle in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for David Boyle in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for David Orentlicher in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for David R. Riemer and Community Advocates in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for David W. Opderbeck and Erik Lillquist in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Daycon Products Company, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for DBA International in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for DBA International, Inc. in Support of Petitioner and For Reversal of the Decision of the Court Below
 

Brief for Dean Robert Post and Dean Martha Minow in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Deans and Professors of Public Health and Organizations Working in Public Health Policy and Implementation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Deborah A.DeMott in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Deborah A.DeMott in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Defenders of Wildlife, the Center for Biological Diversity, and the National Wildlife Federation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for DeKalb County Pension Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Delaware, Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, District Of Columbia, Florida, Guam, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Delaware, Massachusetts, and New Mexico in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Dell, Acushnet, Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, Applied Materials, ASUStek, BJ's Wholesale Club, Canon, CCIA, Cisco Systems, CTIA, Demandware, Dropbox, Ebay, Fairchild Semiconductor, Global Automakers, Google, HPE, HTC, Intel, the Internet Association, JCPenney, L Brands, Limelight Networks, LinkedIn, Micron, National Retail Federation, Netflix, Newegg, PegaSystems, QVC, Rackspace, Red Hat, Ricoh, Samsung, SAP, SAS, Seagate, Symmetry, Toyota, Varian, Vizio, and Xerox in Supporto Respondent
 

Brief for Dell, Applied Materials, BJ~s Wholesale Club, Inc., CCIA, CTIA, Facebook, Global Automakers, HP, HTC, the Internet Association, JCPenney, Limelight Networks, MGA Entertainment, Micron, National Retail Federation, QVC, Rackspace, Red Hat, Samsung Electronics, Sandisk, SAS, Varian Medical Systems, Vizio, and Xerox in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for DeLorme in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Delta Air Lines, Inc., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Democratic Members of the United States House of Representatives in Support of Appellee
 

Brief for Democrats for Life and the National Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Democrats for Life of America and Clergy for Better Choices in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Demographers Peter A. Morrison, Thomas M. Bryan, William A. Clark, Jacob E. Siegel, David A. Swanson, and the Pacific Research Institute in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Denver Metro Chamber of Commerce, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Detained Legal Services Providers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Dick Thornburgh, Drew S. Days, Iii, John R. Dunne, Bill Lann Lee, J. Stanley Pottinger, Paul F. Hancock, James P. Turner, William R. Yeomans, Brian K. Landsberg, and Gilda R. Daniels in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for DIGITALEUROPE, BITKOM, TECH IN France, Syntec Numerique, and Other European National Trade Organizations as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for Direct Action for Rights and Equality (DARE), Ex-Prisoners and Prisoners Organizing for Community Advancement (EPOCA), Voices of Community Activists & Leaders-New York (VOCAL-NY) and Voice of the Ex-Offender (VOTE) in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for DirectTV, Inc., Comcast Corp., and Dell Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Disability Rights Organizations and Public Interest Centers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Discover Financial Services as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Dish Network L.L.C. and Echostar Technologies L.L.C. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Distinguished Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Distinguished Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for DNA Saves, Bring BRI Justice Foundation, Keep Georgia Save, the Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network, and the Surviving Parents Coalition in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Doctor's Council S.E.I.U. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Dolby Laboratories, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Dominican Sisters of Mary, Mother of the Eucharist, Sister of Life, and the Judicial Education Project in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Donald R. Miller, Jr., in His Capacity as the Independent Executor of the Will and Estate of Charles J. Wyly, Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Donald W. Dawes and Phyllis C. Dawes in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Douglas County School District and Douglas County School Board in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Douglas Emmett, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Douglas Laycock, Mark P. Gergen, and Douglas Rendleman in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Douglas Laycock, Thomas C. Berg, David Blankenhorn, Marie A. Failinger, and Edward McGlynn Gaffney in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, Free Speech Coalition, Inc., Free Speech Defense and Education Fund, U.S. Justice Foundation, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., English First, English First Foundation, Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Abraham Lincoln Foundation, Institute on the Constitution, Western Center for Journalism, Policy Analysis Center, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Libertarian National Committee, Inc. and Constitution Party National Committee in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., U.S. Justice Foundation, National Association for Gun Rights Inc., Center for Media and Democracy, Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Western Journalism Center, Free Speech Coalition, Free Speech Defense and Education Fund, Abraham Lincoln Foundation, Institute on the Constitution, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Policy Analysis Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, United States Justice Foundation, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Institute on the Constitution in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Dr. Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Dr. Christy Graves in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Dr. Daniel L. Akin; Dr. Darrell L. Bock; Dr. D.A. Carson; Dr. C. Stephen Evans; Dr. Wayne Grudem; Dr. James M. Hamilton; Dr. H. Wayne House; Dr. Peter A. Lillback; Dr. R. Albert Mohler, Jr.; and J. Michael Thigpen in Support Of Petitioner and Reversal
 

Brief for Dr. Donna E. Shalala, Dr. Louis W. Sullivan, Togo D. West Jr., Kenneth S. Apfel, Sheldon S. Cohen, Rudy F. Deleon, Jamie S. Gorelick, Michael J. Graetz, Dr. John J. Hamre, Benjamin W. Heineman Jr., Kathryn O. Higgins, Constance Berry Newman, and Harriet S. Rabb in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Dr. John T. Schulz, III in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Dr. Kevin Boston in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Dr. Khaled El Emam and Jane Yakowitz esq. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Dr. Linwood Pendleton Regarding Economic Impacts of Storm Water Runoff in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Dr. Michael Friedman, Former Acting Commissioner and Lead Deputy Commissioner for the United States Food and Drug Administration in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Dr. Paul Mchugh in Support of Hollingsworth and Bipartisan Legal Advocacy Group Addressing the Merits and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Dr. Ron D. Katznelson in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Dr. Ronald L. Akers, Dr. Byron R. Johnson, and Dr. Sung Joon Jang in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Dr. Triantafyllos Tafas, PhD In Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Dri - the Voice of the Defense Bar as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Dri - The Voice Of The Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Dri - The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI - the Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for DRI - The Voice of the Defense Bar's in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI -- The Voice of the Defense Bar & PSC -- The Voice of the Government Services Industry in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI -- The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI -- The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI --The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support ofPetitioner
 

Brief for DRI -The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for DRI in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for DRI in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for DRI'??The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI'??The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI'??The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for DRI-the Voice of the Defense Bar iand the Association of Southern California Defense Counsel n Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for DRI-the Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Dri-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Dri-The Voice of The Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Dri-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for DRI-The Voice of the Defense Bar Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for Drs. Larry Geier, William Harb, Adam Ofer, and Donald Aptekar in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Drug Policy Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Dupont, IBM, Intel, and the National Action Council for Minorities in Engineering in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioners in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund, Inc., in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund, Inc., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund, Inc., in Support of Petitioners in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund, Inc., in Support of Respondent in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Eagle Harbor Holdings, LLC in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Earthrights International in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Earthrights International in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Earthrights International in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Ebay Inc., Facebook Inc., Google Inc., IAC/InteractiveCorp, LinkedIn Corp., Netflix Inc., Twitter Inc., Yahoo! Inc., the Consumer Electronics Association, Digital Content Next, and the Internet Association
 

Brief for Ebay Inc., Google, Inc., Center for Democracy & Technology, Chegg, Computer & Communications Industry Association, Internet Commerce Coalition, Netcoalition, Netchoice, and Techamerica In Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Ebay, Inc., Google, Inc., NetCoaltion, the Computer and Communications Industry Association, and the Internet Commerce Coalition in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Economic Scholars in Support Of Petitioners Urging Reversal on the Minimum Coverage Issue
 

Brief for Economics Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Economiesuisse, the Swiss Bankers Association, ICC Switzerland, Association of German Banks, and the European Banking Federation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Economists and Other Social Scientists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Economists in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Economists in Support of Pettioners on the Severability Issue
 

Brief for Economists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Economists Robert E. Litan and Joseph R. Mason in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Economists Thomas C. Schelling, Vernon L. Smith, and Robert W. Hahn in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for ECPAT International in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Edison Electric Institute, National Hydropower Association, Northwest Hydroelectric Association, Electric Power Supply Association, and Public Utility District No. 1 of Washington in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Edison International
 

Brief for Educators and Children's Advocates in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Educators and Children's Advocates in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Edward Chen and the Project On Fair Representation in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Effective Law Enforcement, Inc., the International Association of Chiefs of Police, and the National Sheriffs Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Eighteen Criminal Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Eighteen Individuals and Organizations Representing Inventors and Patent Owners in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Elaine Mittleman in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for elcommerce.com.inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Elected Officials and Former Officeholders of Michigan, Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee, and the Michigan and Ohio Democratic Parties in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Election Administrators in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Electronic Frontier Foundation and Public Knowledge in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Electronic Frontier Foundation, Application Developers Alliance, Engine Advocacy, and Public Knowledge in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Electronic Frontier Foundation, Public Knowledge, and Center for Democracy & Technology in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and 24 Technical Experts and Legal Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and Twenty-Seven Technical Experts and Legal Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Electronic Privacy Information Center (Epic) in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) in support of the Respondent
 

Brief for Electronic Privacy Information Center (Epic), Thirty Technical Experts and Legal Scholars, and Five Privacy and Civil Liberties Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Electronic Privacy Information Center and Twenty-Six Technical Experts and Legal Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Eleven Jewish Former Residents of Iran Whose Family Members "Disappeared" in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Eli Lilly and Company, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Elizabeth Birt Center for Autism Law and Advocacy, et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Elizabeth G. Patterson and the South Carolina Appleseed Legal Justice Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Ellen D. Katz and the Voting Rights Initiative in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for EMC Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for EMC Corporation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for EMC Corporation, Acushnet Company, CITA-The Wireless Association, Dell Inc., Dropbox, Inc., Facebook, Inc., Garmin International, Inc., Google Inc., Hewlett-Packard Company, Intel Corporation, Oracle Corporation, QVC, Inc., Red Hat, Inc., SAS Institute Inc., Symmetry LLC, VIZIO, Inc., and XILINX, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Emission Control Companies in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Empirical Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Employees' Retirement System of Government of the Virgin Islands in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Enavail, Llc in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Energy Transfer Partners, L.P. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Engility Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Engine Advocacy and Shapeways, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Engine Advocacy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for English Law Practitioners Martyn Day, Richard Hermer QC, Richard Meeran, and Blinne Ni Ghralaigh in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Entergy Corporation and Affiliated Subsidiaries in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Entertainment Merchants Association and National Association of Recording Merchandisers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Environmental Law and Policy Center, National Association of Railroad Passengers, All Aboard Ohio, and Virginians for High Speed Rail in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Environmental Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Environmental Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Environmental Protection Information Center, the Sierra Club, Waterkeeper Alliance, Rogue Riverkeeper, Puget Soundkeeper Alliance, Wildlands CPR, and Alliance for the Wild Rockies in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Equality California in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Equality Now, Human Rights Watch, the Bahrain Women Association for Human Development, the Ethiopian Women Lawyers Association, Forum for Women, Law and Development, The International Human Rights Law Clinic at The University of Virginia School of Law, the International Women'??s Rights Action Watch, the International Women'??s Rights Action Watch Asia Pacific, Latin American and Caribbean Committee for the Defense of Women'??s Rights, and Women In Law and Development in Africa in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Equality Ohio, Equality Ohio Education Fund, and Three Gay and Lesbian Couples in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Equity Dealers of America as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for Eric Brunstad Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Eric H. Holder, Jr., Thomas E. Perez, Bill Lann Lee, Deval L. Patrick, Loretta King, William R. Yeomans, James P. Turner, Pamela S. Karlan, Matthew Colangelo, Julie A. Fernandes, Samuel R. Bagenstos, Spencer A. Overton, Anita S. Earls, Joseph Rich, J. Gerald Hebert, Gilda R. Daniels, and Robert Kengle as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Eric S. Lander in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Erick and Whitney Carter in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Ericsson Inc., Allergan, Inc., and Traxxas L.P. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Ericsson Inc., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Ernest M. Park and Lauren Kent Park in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Erwin Chemerinsky and Alan Brownstein in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Ethical Systems, Inc. as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, the National Association of Evangelicals, and the Convocation of Anglicans in North America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Etsy, Inc. as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for Eugene De Boise, Sr. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Eugene Volokh, Richard W. Garnett, Michael Stokes Paulsen, Timothy Zick, William E. Lee, Alan K. Chen, & Ronald J. Krotoszynski, Jr. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for European Sports Security Association, the Idevelopment and Economic Association, and the Remote Gambling Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Evangelical Covenent Church, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, General Conference of Seventh Day Aventist, General Council in Finance and Administration of the United Methodist Church, Inc., General Synod of the United Church of Christ, Reverend Gradye Parsons, Stated Clerk of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and the Salvation Army National Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Everytown for Gun Safety in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Experian Information Solutions, Inc., and Consumerinfo.com, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Experian Information Solutions, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Experian Informations Solutions, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Experiential Learning Lab at New York University School of Law in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Experimental Psychologists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Expert Forensic Scientists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Experts and Organizations Supporting Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Experts in Air Pollution Control and Air Quality Regulation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Experts in Health Policy in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Facebook, Inc., Linkedin Corp, Yahoo Inc., and Zynga, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Facility Guidelines Institute in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc., the Internet Association, SAS Institute Inc., Symmetry, LLC, and Xilinx, Inc. as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for Faith in Public Life, Religious Organizations, and Faith Leaders, as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for Faith-Based Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Families against Mandatory Minimums as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Families Against Mandatory Minimums in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Families Against Mandatory Minimums in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Families Against Mandatory Minimums in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Families USA in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Family and Child Welfare Law Professors in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Family Child Care Inc. et al, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Family Equality Council, Colage, and Kinsey Morrison in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Family Equality Council; Colage; Our Family Coalition; Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network; the Center on Children and Families; the Child Rights Project; and Sarah Gogin in Support ofRespondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Family Law Professors and the American Academy Of Matrimonial Lawyers in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Family Law Professors in Support of Respondents Birth Father and Cherokee Nation
 

Brief for Family Law Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Family Members and Estates of Victims of State-Sponsored Terrorism in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Family Research Council in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for FAMM as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Fashion Law Institute Et. Al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for FBI Agents Association and the Federal Law Enforcement Officers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Federal Circuit Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Federal Circuit Bar Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Federal Courts Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Federal Courts Scholars and Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Federal Courts Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Federal Courts Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Federal Defenders for the Central, Eastern, Northern Districts of California and Federal Defenders of San Diego Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Federal Jurisdiction Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Federal Petitioners
 

Brief for Federal Public and Community Defenders and the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Federal Public Defenders and the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitione
 

Brief for Federal Respondents
 

Brief for Federal Respondents
 

Brief for Federalism Scholars in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Federation Internationale Des Conseils En Propriete Industrielle in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Federation Internationale Des Conseils en Propriete Intellectuelle in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Fern L. Nesson and Charles R. Nesson in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Fifteen Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Filmon X LLC, et al, in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Financial Economists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Financial Economists in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Financial Economists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Financial Industry Associations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for First Amendment Coalition in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for First Amendment Coalition in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for First Amendment Coalition in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for First Amendment Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for First Amendment Scholars & First Amendment Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for First Amendment Scholars (Professors Cole, Karst, Post, Redish, Van Alstyne, Varat and Winkler) in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for First Amendment Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for First Liberty Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Employers
 

Brief for First Report, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Five U.S. Senators in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Florida Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Florida School Choice Fund, Foundation For Excellence in Education, Florida Association of Academic Nonpublic Schools, Association of Christian Schools International, Black Alliance For Educational Options, and Hispanic Council for Reform and Educational Options in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Florida, Nine Other States, and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Flyersrights.org in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Focus on the Family and Family Research Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for for the Organization of Chinese Americans Greater Houston Chapter in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Foreign and Comparative Law Experts Harold Hongju Koh, Thomas Buergenthal, Sarah H. Cleveland, Laurence R. Helfer, Ryan Goodman, and Sujit Choudhry in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Foreign and Comparative Law Experts Lawrence O. Gostin, et al., in Support of Petitioners in No. 13-354 and Respondents in No. 13-356
 

Brief for Foreign and International Law Experts Lawrence O. Gostin, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Formal Justice Department Officials in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former Abortion Providers; Post-Abortive Women and their Families; National Association of Prolife Nurses, and National Association of Catholic Nurses, U.S.A.
 

Brief for Former and Current Law Enforcement Officials in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Appellate Court Jurists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Arizona Attorneys General Terry Goddard and Grand Woods, and Forty-Two Other Former Attorneys General in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Attorneys General of New Jersey Robert J. Del Tufo, Deborah T. Poritz, John J. Farmer, Jr., Peter C. Harvey and Zulima V. Farber in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Attorneys of the Department of Justice Civil Rights Division in Support of Michigan Attorney General Bill Schuette and Reversal
 

Brief For Former Bankruptcy Judges Leif M. Clark and Judith K. Fitzgerald in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former California Governor Pete Wilson, Pacific Research Institute, and Bipartisan California Educators and Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former California Governors George Deukmejian, Pete Wilson, and Arnold Schwarzenegger; Charles T. Munger, Jr.; Bill Mundell; and California Chamber of Commerce in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Former California Senate Majority Leader Gloria Romero, Californoa Center for Parent Empowerment, Gwen Samuel, National Parents Union, Connecticut Parents Union, Mona Davids, Sam Pirozzolo, New York City Parents Union, Kelley Williams-Bolar, Hamlet Garcia, RiShawn Biddle, Dropout Nation, Dmitri Mehlhorn, Erika Sanzi, Julie Collier, Bonnie O...Neil, and Laura Ferguson in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former Church Committee Members and Staff in Support of Respondents and Affirmance
 

Brief for Former Commissioners of the United States Immigration and Naturalization Service in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former Commissioners of the United States Immigration and Naturalization Service in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Consular Officers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Correctional Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Former Corrections Administrators and Experts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Corrections Officials John Clark, Justin Jones, Chase Riveland, Phil Stanley and Eldon Vail in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Directors of the U.S. Census Bureau in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Former FCC Officials in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former FDA Commissioner Dr. Donald Kennedy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former FDA Commissioners Dr. Donald Kennedy and Dr. David A. Kessler in Support Of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Federal Civil Rights Officials and Prosecutors Wan J. Kim, Bill Lann Lee, Grace Chung Becker, William Yeomans, John R. Dunne, Stephen J. Pollak, J. Stanley Pottinger, James P. Turner, Edward S.G. Dennis, Jr., David W. Marston, Matthew D. Orwig, John Ratcliffe, and Uttam Dhillon in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Federal Election Commission Officials in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Former Federal Immigration and Homeland Security Officials in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former Federal Intelligence Officer in Support of Petitioner United States and Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Former Federal Officials in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Federal Prosecutors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Florida Circuit Court Judges in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Government Officials in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Government Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Former Governor Jim Edgar in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Former HHS Officials in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former HHS Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Former Homeland Security, Justice, and State Department in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Former Immigration Officials in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Judges and Law Enforcement Officials in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Judges with Prosecutorial Experience in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Justices of the Supreme Court of Florida in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Juvenile Court Judges in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former Members of Congress, Senior SEC Officials, and Congressional Counsel in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Former Members of the National Research Council Committee On Mitigating Wetland Losses in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Officials of the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Officials Of The U.S. Department Of Education in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Officials of the U.S. Department of Justice Who Enforced the Voting Rights Act in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Former Prison Wardens in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Prosecutors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former Prosecutors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former SEC Chairmen William H. Donaldson and Arthur Levitt, Jr. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former SEC Commissioners and Officials and Law and Finance Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former SEC Commissioners and Officials and Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former SEC Commissioners and Officials in Support of Petitioners and Motion for Leave to File Brief Out of Time
 

Brief for Former SEC Commissioners as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former SEC Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Former Senators Bill Bradley, Tom Daschle, Christopher J. Dodd, and Alan K. Simpson on the Merits in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Former Senior Justice Department Officials and Former Counsels to the President in Support of Petitioner United States
 

Brief for Former Senior Officials of the Office of Legal Counsel in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Former State Attorneys General in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former State Attorneys General, Former United States Department of Justice Officials and Professors of Criminal Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Former State Department Attorneys John Norton Moore and Edwin D. Williamson in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former State Department Legal Advisers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former State Department Legal Advisers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Supreme Court Justices in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former U.S. Attorneys General William P. Barr, Alberto R. Gonzales, Edwin Meese Iii, And Dick Thornburgh; And Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former U.S. Government Officials in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former U.S. Senator Arlen Specter, Human Rights First, and The Anti-Defamation League in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former UN Special Representative for Business on Human Rights, Professor John Ruggie; Professor Philip Alston; and the Global Justice Clinic at NYU School of Law in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Former United States Attorneys in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former United States Diplomats Diego Asencio, Harriet Babbitt, Harry Barnes, J.D. Bindenagel, Jack Binns, James Bishop, William Breer, Kenneth Brill, James Bullock, W. Hodding Carter Iii, Goodwin Cooke, Patricia Derian, F. Allen "Tex" Harris, William Harrop, Allen Holmes, Marilyn Mcafee, Thomas Mcnamara, Arthur Mudge, James O'Brien, Thomas Pickering, Edward Streator, Alexander Watson And Robert White in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former United States District Court Judges Paul G. Cassell and Nancy Gertner in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Former United States Government Counterterrorism and Human Rignts Officials in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Former USPTO Commissioners in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Former Virginia Attorneys General in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Foundation for Environmental and Economic Progress and Utility Water Act Group om Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Foundation for Individual Rights in Education in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Four Former Chairmen and One Former Commissioner for the Federal Election Commission in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Fourth Amendment Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Fourth Amendment Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Fox Retiree Committee, Golden Retiree Committee, and Yolton Retiree Committee in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Franklin Respondents
 

Brief for Fraternal Order of Police, Miami Lodge 20, and Florida Professional Firefighters Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Free Press in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Free Speech For People, Auburn Theological Seminary, and Hollender Sustainable Brands, LLC, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Freedom and Individual Rights in Medicine (FIRM), Dr. Amesh Adalja, Dr. Paul Hsieh, Dr. Karen Salmieri, and Jacob Sullum in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Freedom of Speech Scholars as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for Freedom to Marry in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Freedom Watch in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Freeport-McMoran Corporation, Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District, and the Salt River Valley Water Users' Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Fresenius Kabi USA, llc in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Friends Committee on National Legislation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Friends of the Everglades in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Friends of the Los Angeles River, Communities for a Better Environment, and L.A. River Expeditions in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Fundacion Angel Ramos, Inc.; Fundacion Comunitaria De Puerto Rico, Inc.; Miranda Foundation; Titin Foundation, Inc.; Iniciativa Comunitaria de Investigacion, Inc.; Puerto Rico Down Syndrome Foundation, Inc.; Corporacion de la Fondita de Jesus; Asesores Financieros Comunitarios, Inc.; Crearte, Inc.; Alianza Laura Aponte por la Paz Social (ALAPAS), Inc.; Fundacion Chana Goldstein y Samuel Levis, Inc.; Politecnico Amigo, Inc.; Instituto Especial Para el Desarrollo Integral del Individuo, la Familia y la Comunidad, Inc.; and Proyecto Nacer, Inc., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Fundacion Angel Ramos, Inc.; Fundacion Comunitaria De Puerto Rico, Inc.; Miranda Foundation; Titin Foundation, Inc.; Iniciativa Comunitaria de Investigacion, Inc.; Puerto Rico Down Syndrome Foundation, Inc.; Corporacion de la Fondita de Jesus; Asesores Financieros Comunitarios, Inc.; Crearte, Inc.; Alianza Laura Aponte por la Paz Social (ALAPAS), Inc.; Fundacion Chana Goldstein y Samuel Levis, Inc.; Politecnico Amigo, Inc.; Instituto Especial Para el Desarrollo Integral del Individuo, la Familia y la Comunidad, Inc.; and Proyecto Nacer, Inc., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for G. Eric Brunstad, Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for G. Eric Brunstad, Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for G. Eric Brunstad, Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for G. Eric Brunstad, Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for G. Eric Brunstad, Jr. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for G. Eric Brunstad, Jr. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for G. Eric Brunstad, Jr., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for G. Eric Brunstad, Jr., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for G. Eric Brunstad, Jr., Robert W. Helm, and Jane A. Kantor in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Gabriel Chin, Atiba Ellis, Christopher S. Elmendorf, Janai S. Nelson, Bertrall Ross, Daniel Tokaji, and Franita Tolson in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Gail Hariot and Peter Kersinow in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Gail Heriot and Peter N. Kirsanow, Members of the United States Commission on Civil Rights in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Garden State Equality in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Garden State Equality in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Gary J. Gates in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Gary J. Gates in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Gay & Lesbian Advocates & Defenders and Lambda Legal Defense & Education Fund, Inc. in Support of Petitioner Unite States and Respondent Edith SchlainWindsor
 

Brief for Genedx and Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Genentech, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Genentech, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Genentech, Inc., the California Healthcare Institute, Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc., and Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Genentech, Inc.; Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.; Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.; Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc.; Roche Diagnostics Corporation; and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists, Review and Herald Publishing Association, and Pacific Press Publishing Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for General Council of the Assemblies of God in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for General Electric Co., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for General Electric Company in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for General Electric Company in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for General Electric Corporation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for General Pharmaceutical Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Generic Manufacturers Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc.; Teva Pharmaceuticals Usa, Inc.; Ranbaxy Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.; and Impax Laboratories, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Generic Pharmaceutical Association and America's Health Insurance Plans in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Genesis Healthcare, Inc., Diversicare Healthcare Services, Inc., GGNSC Louisville Mt. Holly Llc DBA Golden LivingCenter Mt. Holly, Brookdale Senior Living Inc., Signature Healthcare, LLC, HCR Manorcare And Kentucky Partners Management, LLC in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Genetic Scientists Robert Nussbaum and Sara H. Katsanis in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Genetics, Genomics and Forensic Science Researchers in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Genformatic LLC in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Genomic Health, Inc., Veracyte, Inc., XDX, Inc., Biodesix, Inc., Target Discovery, Inc., the Coalition for 21st Medicine, and Baybio in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Gerard V. Bradley and Eight Other Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for German Institute for Human Rights and Other German Legal Experts in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Gilead Sciences, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Gilead Sciences, Inc., Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Confluence Life Sciences, Inc., Euclises Pharmaceuticals, Inc. & Biogenerator, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Glaxosmithkline LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Glaxosmithkline LLC, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. (Formerly Known As Merck & Co., Inc.), And Sanofi Pasteur Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Glenn J. Schworak and James E. Mitchell in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for GLMA: Health Professionals Advancing LGBT Equality (Gay And Lesbian Medical Association) Concerning the Immutability of Sexual Orientation in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for GLMA: Health Professionals Advancing LGBT Equality and the American Academy of Nursing Concerning the Immutability of Sexual Orientation and in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for GLMA: Health Professionals Advancing LGBT Equality Concerning the Immutability of Sexual Orientation in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Goldstein & Russell, P.C., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Goldwater Institute and U.S. Representative Trent Franks in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Goldwater Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Gonzalez Olivieri LLC, Quan Law Group PLLC, and Reina Bates Law Firm in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Gonzalez Respondents
 

Brief for Goodwill Industries International in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Google in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Google Inc., Amazon.com Inc., American Association of Advertising Agencies, Dell Inc., Facebook, Inc., Intuit Inc., Linkedin Corp., Netflix, Inc., Rackspace Hosting, Inc., Verizon Communications Inc., and Zynga Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Google Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., Facebook, Inc., HTC Corp., Intel Corporation, Linkedin Corp., Motorola Mobility Llc, Netflix, Newegg Inc., Rackspace Hosting, Inc., Salesforce.Com, Inc., T-Mobile USA, Inc., Verizon Communications Inc., and Vizio, Inc., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Google Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., Verizon Communications Inc., and Salesforce.com, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Google Inc., Dell Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co., Salesforce.Com, Inc., Twitter, Inc., Yahoo! Inc., Acushnet Company, Ebay Inc., Kaspersky Lab, Inc., Limelight Networks, Inc., Newegg Inc., QVC Inc., SAS Institute Inc., and Xilinx, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Google, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Google, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Google, Inc., Verizon Communications, Inc., Consumer Electronics Association, Comcast Corp., Dell Computer Corp., Hewitt-Packard Co., HTC Corp., Intuit Inc., L-3 Communications Corp., Linkedin Corp., Lockheed Martin Corp., Mastercard Worldwide, the New York Times Company, Rackspace Hosting Inc., Red Hat, Inc., Shutterfly, Inc., Software and Information Industry Association, Time Warner Inc., Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., and Zynga Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Google, Inc.; Cisco Systems, Inc.; Ebay Inc.; Facebook, Inc., Micron Technology, Inc.; Netflix, Inc.; Oracle Corporation; Red Hat, Inc; SAP America Inc; SAS Institute Inc.; Vizio, Inc.; Xilinx, Inc.; Yahoo! Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Gopher Frog Experts Supporting Federal Respondents and Intervenor-Respondents
 

Brief for Gordon W. Bush, et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Government Accountability Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Government Respondents
 

Brief for Government Respondents in Response to Petition for Certiorari before Judgment
 

Brief for Governments of The Kingdom of Netherlands, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Governor Abbott, Governor Bentley, Governor Christie, Governor Daugaard, Governor Martinez, and Governor Walker in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Governors of Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Mississippi, Nebraska, and South Dakota in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Grapevine Imports, Ltd. Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for Greater Stockton Chamber of Commerce in Support of Appellant
 

Brief for Gregorio Igartua in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Griffin Wheel Company in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Grocery Manufacturers Association in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for Ground Zero Center for Nonviolent Action in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Guardian Ad Litem, as Representative of Respondent Baby Girl, Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners of California, U.S. Justice Foundation, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Institute on the Constitution
 

Brief for Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., U.S Justice Foundation and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., U.S. Justice Foundation, The Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Free Speech Coalition, Free Speech Defenseand Education Fund, Western Journalism Center, The Abraham Lincoln Foundation, Institute on the Constitution, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Policy Analysis Center, Downsize DC Foundation, and DownsizeDC.org in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Gun Owners Foundation, U.S. Justice Foundation, Gun Owners Of America, Inc., Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Policy Analysis Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Gun Owners Foundation, U.S. Justice Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, Institute on the Constitution, Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Abraham Lincoln Foundation, and Policy Analysis Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners Foundation, Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, U.S. Justice Foundation, Arizona State Chapter of the Association of Physicians and Surgeons, Institute on the Constitution, DownsizeDC.org, Inc., Downsize DC Foundation, Campaign for Liberty, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Policy Analysis Center, the Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Constitution Party National Committee, and Public Advocate of the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners Foundation, U.S. Justice Foundation, Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Abraham Lincoln Foundation, Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Policy Analysis Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners Foundation, U.S. Justice Foundation, The Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, The Abraham Lincoln Foundation for Public Policy Research, Inc., Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Policy Analysis Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners Justice Foundation, Institute On The Constitution, Center for Media and Democracy, Free Speech Coalition, Inc., Free Speech Defense and Education Fund, Inc., Downsizedc.Org, Downsize DC Foundation, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Declaration Alliance, Restoring Liberty Action Committee, the Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Policy Analysis Center, Constitution Party National Committee, and the Libertarian National Committee, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Guttmacher Institute and Professor Sara Rosenbaum, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for H. Tomas Gomez-Arostegui and Sean Bottomley as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for H. Tomas Gomez-Arostegui and Tyler T. Ochoa in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Habeas Scholars and the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Hamline University School of Law Child Advocacy Clinic in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Harris County, Texas, in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Hartford Underwriters Insurance Company in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Harvard Law School Center for Health Law and Policy Innovation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Harvard Law School Center for Health Law and Policy Innovation, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Harvard University in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Hawaii in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Hawaii Reapportionment Case Plaintiffs (David P. Brostrom, Andrew Walden) in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for HCA Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Heal The Bay in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Health Care for All, Inc., Health Law Advocates, Inc., et al. in Support of Petitioners and Urging Reversal on the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for Health Care Policy History Scholars in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for Health Care Policy History Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Health Care Providers, the National Partnership for Women & Families, and Other Organizations Concerned With Maternal and Infant Health in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Health Economics and Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Health Economists in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Health Law, Policy, and Ethic Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Health Scientists, Dr. Lynn Goldman et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Heartbeat International, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Helen M. Alvare in Support of Hollingsworth and Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Henry G. Cisneros, former Secretary of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development; Antonio Monroig, Judith Y. Brachman, Eva Plaza, Kim Kendrick, and John Trasvina, former Assistant Secretaries for the Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity, Department of Housing and Urban Development; Judge Nelson A. Diaz, former General Counsel, Department of Housing and Urban Development; Harry L. Carey, former Associate General Counsel for Fair Housing; and Laurence Pearl, former Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for Program Operations and Compliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Hillcrest Property, LLP in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Historians and Legal Scholars Gregory Ablavsky, Bethany R. Berger, Ned Blackhawk, Daniel Carpenter, Matthew L.M. Fletcher, Maggie McKinley, and Joseph William Singer in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Historians and Social Scientists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Historians in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Historians of Marriage and the American Historical Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Historians, American Historical Society, et al.in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Historical and Legal Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Hoffman-La Roche, Inc. Caterpillar, Inc., General Electric Company, Johnson and Johnson, Lutron Electronics Co., Inc., 3M Company, and the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Home School Legal Defense Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Homecare Historians in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Hon. John K. Olson in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Hon. Lawrence J. Korb, Rudy F. Deleon, Hon. William J. Lynn, IIII, Hon. Patrick J. Murphy, Hon. Joe R. Reeder, Vice Adm. Joseph Sestak, Hon. Douglas B. Wilson, and Service Women...s Action Network in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Hon. Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Honorable Lawrence J. Korb, Radm. Thomas F. Atkin, Bg. Roosevelt Barfield, Dr. Coit D. Blacker, Gen. Wesley K. Clark, Richard Clarke, Hon. William Cohen, Cdr. Beth Coye, Hon. Russell D. Feingold, Bg. Evelyn Foote, Ltg. Robert G. Gard, Jr.,et al.in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Housing Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Housing Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Houston Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Howard University School of Law Civil Rights Clinic in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Howard University School of Law Fair Housing Clinic and Civil Rights Clinic in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. In Support of Petitioner in Part
 

Brief for Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Human Coalition as Amicus Curiae for Petitioners
 

Brief for Human Rights Advocates, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Human Rights First and International Law Scholars William Aceves, Denise Gilman, Guy S. Goodwin-Gill, James C. Hathaway, Manfred Nowak, Sarah Paoletti, Nigel Rodley and Martin Scheinin in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Human Rights First in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Human Rights First, the Anti-Defamation League, and the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights in Support of Petitoner on Reargument
 

Brief for Human Rights Watch and the New York City Bar Association, et al., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for I
 

Brief for Ian Ayers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for IBEW-NECA Southwestern Health & Benefit Fund and the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for ID Software, LLC in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for IDRA in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for IEEE-USA in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for IEEE-USA in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Illinois Right to Life in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Illinois, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Washington in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Imaging Supplies Coalition in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Immatics Biotechnologies, Gmbh in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Immigrant Defense Project, Immigrant Legal Resource Center, and National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Immigrant Defense Project, Immigrant Legal Resource Center, National Immigrant Justice Center, National Immigration Law Center, National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers' Guild in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Immigrant Defense Project, the Immigrant Legal Resource Center and the National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Immigration Advocacy Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Immigration Detention Advocacy Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Immigration Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Immigration Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Immigration Reform Law Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Immigration Reform Law Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Impact Fund, National Employment Lawyers Association, AARP, Asian Americans Advancing Justice - Asian Law Caucus, Disability Rights California, and Public Counsel in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Independence Institute in Support of Respondent and Affirmance
 

Brief for Independent Sector in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Indiana Tech Law School Amicus Project in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Indiana Tech Law School Amicus Project in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Indiana University in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Indiana University in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Indiana, Arkansas, Florida, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Indiana, Arkansas, Maine, Michigan, Montana, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, and Wisconsin in Support of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for Indiana, Texas, and Twenty One Additional States in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for Individual Bondholder Judgment Creditors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Individual Physicians and Scientists and Robert Booth, Ph.D, et al. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Industry Respondents Calpine Corporation, Exelon Corporation, National Grid Generation LLC, and Public Service Enterprise Group, Inc.
 

Brief for Information Privacy Law Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Inhouse Patent Counsel, LLC in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Innovention Toys, LLC in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Institute for Justice and the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Institute for Justice as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Institute for Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Institute for Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Institute for Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Institute for Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Institute For Justice In Support Of Petitioners
 

Brief for Institute for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Institute for Justice in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Institute for Justice, Reason Foundation, and Individual Rights Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Institute for Policy Integrity at New York University School of Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Institute of Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Institutional Investors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Institutional Investors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Institutional Investors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Intel Corp., Dell Inc., and Vizio Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Intel Corp., Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co., and Medtronic PLC in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Intel Corp., Yahoo Inc., Microsoft Corp., and Nvidia Corp., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Intel Corporation and Dell Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Intel Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Intel Corporation, Eli Lilly and Company, Johnson and Johnson, Life Technologies Corporation, Pfizer, Inc., and SAP America, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Intel Corporation, EMC Corporation, Facebook, Inc., Red Hat, Inc., and Verizon Communications Inc. in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Owners in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Professors and American Antitrust Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Professors in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Intellectual Property Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Intellectual Ventures Management LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Intellectual Ventures Management, Dr. Ananda Chakrabarty, and the Honorable Dr. G. William Foster in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Interdigital, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Interdigital, Inc., Tassera Technologies, Inc. and Fallbrook Technologies Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Interdigital, Inc.; Power Integrations, Inc.; Xperi Corporation; Fallbrook Technologies, Inc; and Cummins-Allison Corp. as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Interested Healthcare Providers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Interested Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Interfaith Group of Religious and Interreligious Organizations as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for International Air Transport Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for International Air Transport Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for International Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property (Association Internationale Pour La Protection De La Propriete Intellectuelle) in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for International Business Machines Corp. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for International Business Machines Corporation in Support of Affirmance on Question Two
 

Brief for International Business Machines Corporation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for International Business Machines Corporation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for International Center for Law & Economics and Scholars of Law and Economics in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for International Center for Technology Assessment, Council for Responsible Genetics, Greenpeace, Indigenous People Council on Biocolonialism, Friends of the Earth, and Center for Environmental Health in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for International Conference of Evangelical Chaplain Endorsers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI); Asociacion Mexicana De Productores De Fonogramas Y Videogramas (Amprofon); Association Litteraire Et Artistique Internationale Du Canada (Alai Canada); Australian Copyright Council (Acc); British Copyright Council (Bcc); Canadian Media Production Association (Cmpa); International Confederation Of Music Publishers (Icmp); International Confederation Of Societies Of Authors And Composers (Cisac); International Federation Of Actors (Fia); International Federation Of Musicians (Fim); Music Canada; Society Of Composers, Authors And Music Publishers Of Canada (Socan); International Copyright Scholars, Et Al., In Support Of Petitioners
 

Brief for International Human Rights Organizations and International Law Experts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for International Jurists and Academics in Support of Petitioner Hollingsworth and Respondent Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Addressing The Merits And Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for International Law Experts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for International Law Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for International Longshore and Warehouse Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for International Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Islamic Shura Council of Southern California, Jewish Prisoner Services International, Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod, Stated Clerk of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists, and General Synod of the United Church of Christ in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for International Municipal Lawyers Association and Other State and Local Government Groups in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for International Municipal Lawyers Association, Major Cities Chiefs Association, and National Sheriffs' Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for International Organizations and Individuals Interested in Medical Expertise and Psychiatry in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for International Trademark Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Internet Companies in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Internet Retailers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Interpreting and Translation Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Interstate Natural Gas Assoc. of Am., Natural Gas Supply Assoc., and Independent Petroleum Assoc. of Am., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Interval Licensing LLC in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Intervenor Respondents in 09-958 and the California Pharmacists Association Respondents in 09-1158
 

Brief for Intervenor-Respondent Cellco Partnership d/b/a Verizon Wireless
 

Brief for Intervenor-Respondents Center for Biological Diversity and Gulf Restoration Network
 

Brief for Intervenors-Respondents Jane Does in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Investment Company Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Invitae Corporation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for IP Advocate in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Ireland as Amicus Curaie in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Irving H. Picard, as Trustee of the Substantively Consolidated Estate of Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC And Bernard L. Madoff, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Islamic Law Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for J. Lawrence Aber, Marc S. Atkins, Camilla P. Benbow, Mary M. Brabeck, Jane C. Conoley, Kenneth A. Dodge, Michelle Fine, Adriana Galvan, Margo Gardner, Charles F. Geier, Frances E. Jensen, Jacqueline Mattis, Pedro Noguera, Bruce D. Perry, and Vincent Schmithorst in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Jack N. Rakove, Richard R. Beeman, Alexander Keyssar, Peter S. Onuf, and Rosemarie Zagarri in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for James B. Lampert and David A. Chavous in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for James D. Watson, Ph.D. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for James F. Blumstein in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for James G. Anderson, Ph.D., David Archer, Ph.D., David S. Battisti, Ph.D., Michael L. Bender, Ph.D., Mark A. Cane, Ph.D., Peter B. DeMenocal, Ph.D., Kerry A. Emanuel, Ph.D., Inez Y. Fung, Sc.D., Peter Huybers, Ph.D., Ralph F. Keeling, Ph.D., Mario J. Molina, Ph.D., Raymond T. Pierrehumbert, Ph.D., Daniel P. Schrag, Ph.D., and Steven C. Wofsy, Ph.D., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for James Madison Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for James P. Scanlan in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Jane's Due Process, Inc., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Janice MacAvoy, Janie Schulman, and Over 110 Other Women in the Legal Profession who have Exercised their Constitutional Right to an Abortion in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Janssen Biotech Inc. in Support of Amgen Inc.
 

Brief for Jeffrey K. Skilling in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Jennifer Lahl, Kathleen Sloan, Kathleen R.Labounty, Stephanie Blessing, and Anthony J. Caruso, M.D., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Jeremy Rabkin in Support of Petitioners and Urging Reversal
 

Brief for Jerome N. Frank Legal Services Organization and Connecticut Fair Housing Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Jerome N. Frank Legal Services Organization at Yale Law School, East Bay Community Law Center, and Economic Justice Project of Notre Dame Clinical Law Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Jerome P. Kassiner, M.D., and Paul D. Stolley, M.D., M.P.H., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Jerry Ensminger, the Estate of Christopher Townsend, Mike Partain, Kris Thomas, and the Estate of Rosanne Warren in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Jewish Alliance for Law and Social Action, Jewish Council on Urban Affairs, Jewish Social Policy Action Network, New England Jewish Labor Committee in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Jewish Social Policy Action Network in Support of the Government
 

Brief for Jewish Tuition Organization, New Way Learning Academy, Catholic Tuition Organization of the Diocese of Phoenix, Catholic Tuition Support Organization of the Diocese of Tucson, and Lutheran Education Foundation, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Joaquin Avila, Neil Bradley, Julius Chambers, U.W. Clemon, Armand Derfner, Jose Garza, Fred Gray, Robert Mcduff, Rolando Rios, Robert Rubin, Edward Still, Ellis Turnage, and Ronald Wilson in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Jobs With Justice and the National Employment Law Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for John and Tammy Gilbert, Deborah Kinter, Donald Brown, and Alice Szromba, on Behalf of Persons Injured by Propoxyphene, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for John Crane Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for John D. Ashcroft, William P. Barr, Benjamin R. Civiletti, Edwin Meese Iii, Michael B. Mukasey, Dick Thornburgh, and Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for John Nix, Anthony Cuomo, and Dr. Abigail Thernstrom in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for John P. Freeman and James D. Cox in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for John R. Dunne, J. Stanley Pottinger, Victoria Schultz, James P. Turner, Brian K. Lansberg, and Joan A. Magagna in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for John Sutton Suggesting Reversal
 

Brief for Johnnie M. Walters in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Jonathan C. Kaltwasser in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Jonathan F. Mitchell and Adam K. Mortara as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Jonathan H. Adler and Michael F. Cannon in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Jonathan Zell in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Joseph Digenova, Gil Garcetti, Glenn F. Ivey, Robert M. A. Johnson, Harry L. Shorstein, Larry D. Thompson, Scott Turow, and John Van De Kamp in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Joseph E. Stiglitz in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Joseph Evanns in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Joseph M. Arpaio, Maricopa County Sheriff in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Joseph Stubbs, M.D., and Dr. Corleen Thompson in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Judicial Watch, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Judicial Watch, Inc., and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Judicial Watch, Inc., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Judicial Watch,Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Judson Memorial Church, Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice, Catholics for Choice, Keshet, Jewish Social Policy Network, Just Texas: Faith Voices for Reproductive Justice, Methodist Federation for Social Action, National Council of Jewish Women, Presbyterian Feminist Agenda Network, Religious Institute, Society for Humanistic Judaism, Union for Reform Judaism, Central Conference of American Rabbis, Unitarian Universalist Women's Federation, Western Methodist Justice Movement, Women's League for Conservative Judaism, Workmen's Circle, and more than 1200 Individual Religious Leaders and Pastoral Counselors
 

Brief for Julian Bond, the American Civil Liberties Union, the ACLU of Pennsylvania, the ACLU of Oklahoma, the NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., and the National Coalition on Black Civic Participation, in Support of the Government
 

Brief for Jurisdictions that Have Bailed Out in Support of Respondents and Urging Affirmance
 

Brief for Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Peitioner
 

Brief for Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Justice at Stake, 13 Former Chief Justice and Justices, and One Former Trial Judge in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Juvenile Law Center, et al. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Juvenile Products Manufacturers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Kali N. Murray and Erika R. George in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Kansas, Kentucky, Montana, Ohio, West Virginia, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Karen Korematsu, Jay Hirabayashi, and Holly Yasui in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Kate Banfield, Jo Baxter, Amy Brenneman, Elizabeth Driehaus, Anne Fowler, Carol McCleary, Suzanne Poppema, Sheila Schroeder, Leni Silverstein and Jennifer Steffen in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for KBR, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for KBR, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for KBR, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Kenneth B. Mehlman in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Kenneth W. Starr and Erwin Chemerinsky in Support of Petitioners Urging Reversal
 

Brief for Kerr-Mcgee Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Keycorp in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Kimberly West-Faulcon in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Knowledge Ecology International in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Knowledge Ecology International in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Knowledge Ecology International in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Knowledge Ecology International in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Kris W. Kobach, Kansas Secretary of State in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Kristin M. Perry, Sandra B. Stier, Paul T. Katami, Jeffrey J. Zarrillo, Timothy B. Bostic, Tony C. London, Carol Schall, and Mary Townley in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Labor and Benefits Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Labor and Benefits Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Labor Economists and Statisticians in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Labor Law & Labor Relations Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Labor Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Labor Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Labor, Environmental, And Civil Rights Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., Asian and Pacific Islander Coalition on HIV/AIDS, Black AIDS Institute, Gay and Lesbian Advocates and Defenders, GLMA: Health Professionals Advancing LGBT Equality, HIV Prevention Justice Alliance, National AIDS and Education Services for Minorities, National Black Justice Coalition, National Minority AIDS Council, and Latino Commission on AIDS in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., et al. in Support of the Government
 

Brief for Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., Just Detention International, National Center for Transgender Equality, Transgender Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Women's Prison Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Lambda Legal Defense Fund, et al, in Support of Petitioner Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for Landmark Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Landmark Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Landmark Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Landmark Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners (12-1268)
 

Brief for Landmark Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Larry Bowoto et al. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Latino Justice PRLDEF, National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials Educational Fund, Asian American Justice Center, Asian Law Caucus, Asian Pacific American Legal Center, Et Al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for LatinoJustice PRLDEF, Alianza Americas, ASPIRA, Dominican Bar Association, Hispanic National Bar Association, Latino Commission on AIDS, League of United Latin American Citizens, Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund, National Conference of Puerto Rican Women, Inc., National Council of La Raza, National Hispanic Foundation for the Arts, National Hispanic Media Coalition, National Institute for Latino Policy, National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health, National Puerto Rican Coalition, Inc., Presente.org, United States Hispanic Leadership Institute
 

Brief for Law and Religion Professorsin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Enforcement Officers, First Responders and Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Law Profesors in Support of Respondents and Affirmance
 

Brief for Law Professor Christopher M. Holman in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors Adam Mossoff and Gregory Dolin in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors and Legal Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors and Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors and Women's and Civil Rights Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for Law Professors Barry Friedman and Matthew Adler, et al., in Support of Petitioners and Reversal of the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for Law Professors Benjamin Barton and Darryl Brown in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors Gregory Dolin, Irina D. Manta, Adam Mossoff, Kristen Jakobsen Osenga, and Mark F. Schultz, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors Gregory Dolin, Kent Bernard, Et Al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors in Support of Respondents on Deference to Permit Terms
 

Brief for Law Professors in Suppport of Petitioners
 

Brief for Law Professors of Civil Liberties and 42 U.S.C. 1983 in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Law Professors on Issue Exhaustion in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Law Professors on Section 1369(B) Jurisdiction in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors on the "Addition Of A Pollutant" Question in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Law Professors on the Propriety Of Administrative Deference in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors Robert Bartlett, Barbara Black, Chris Brummer, William J. Carney, John C. Coffee, Jr., James D. Cox, Lawrence A. Cunningham, Jill E. Fisch, Merritt B. Fox, Erik F. Gerding, Thomas Lee Hazen, Joan Macleod Heminway, Donald C. Langevoort, Frank Partnoy, Margaret V. Sachs, Marc I. Steinberg, Randall S. Thomas, and Cynthia A. Williams in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Law Professors S. Todd Brown, G. Marcus Cole, Ronald D. Rotunda, and Todd J. Zywicki in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law Professors William A. Birdthistle, Tamar Frankel, Lyman P.Q. Johnson, Donald C. Langevoort, and Manning G. Warren III in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law School Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Law, Business, and Economics Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Lawrence J. Joyce in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Lawyer's Committee for Civil Rights Under Law and National Fair Housing Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Lawyer...s Committee for Civil Rights Under Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Lawyers for Civil Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Asian American Justice Center, Asian Pacific American Legal Center, Equal Justice Society, National Partnership for Women & Families, and National Women's Law Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, Center for Constitutional Rights, Color of Change, the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, National Action Network
 

Brief for Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Employee Rights Advocacy Institute for Law & Policy, National Employment Law Project, National Employment Lawyers Association, National Partnership for Women & Families, and National Women's Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, et al.
 

Brief for Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, et al., as Amici Curiae Supporting the Employees
 

Brief for Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, inc., Washington Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs, and National Fair Housing Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, Bar Associations and Public Interest and Legal Service Organizations in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Leading Economists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Leading Public Research Universities, the University of Delaware, Indiana University, the University of Kansas, the University of Minnesota, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the Pennsylvania State University, Purdue University, Rutgers, and the State University of New Jersey in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for League of California Cities in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for League of California Cities, California State Association of Counties, and National League of Cities in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for League of Women Voters of Arizona, Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc., Arizona Advocacy Network, Dennis M. Burke, and Bart Turner in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Legal and Religious Historians in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Legal Ethics Proffessors and Practicioners and the Ethics Bureau at Yale in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Legal History and Criminal Procedure Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Legal Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Legal Scholars Ronald A. Cass and Christopher C. Demuth and the Judicial Education Project in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Legal Scholars Stephen Clark, Andrew Koppelman, Sanford Levinson, Irina Manta, Erin Sheley, and Ilya Somin in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Legal Services for Children in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Legal services NYC in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for LegalZoom.Com, Inc., Responsive Law, Fileright llc, JustAnswer llc, Justia Company, Shake, Inc., and Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Leon R. Kass, Harvey C. Mansfield and the Institute for Marriage and Public Policy in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Levi Strauss & Co. and Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for LGBT Student Organizations at Undergraduate, Graduate, and Professional Schools in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for LGBT Student Organizations at Undergraduate, Graduate, and Professional Schools in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Liberty Counsel and American Association of Christian Schools in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Liberty Counsel and National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference/ Conela in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Liberty Counsel and National Hispanic Christian Leadership Council in Support of Petitioners Seeking Reversal
 

Brief for Liberty Counsel in Support of Petitioner Town of Greece Seeking Reversal
 

Brief for Liberty Counsel in Support of Petitioners in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Liberty Counsel in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Liberty Education Forum in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Liberty, Life and Law Foundation and North Carolina Values Coalition in Support of Hollingsworth and Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Addressing the Merits and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for LicenseLogic, LLCin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Licensing Executives Society (U.S.A. and Canada), Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Licensing Executives Society (U.S.A. And Canada), Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Lisa Brown, Clerk/Registrar of Deeds for Oakland County, Michigan in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Live Action in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Loan Syndications and Trading Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Loan Syndications and Trading Association, American Bankers Association, Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, and the Clearing House Association LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Local Government Attorneys of Virginia, Inc., Virginia Association of Counties, Virginia Municipal League, and Virginia School Board Association Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for Los Alamos National Security, LLC; the Regents of the University of California; UChicago Argonne, LLC; the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, Llc; Battelle Memorial Institute; Sandia Corporation; Ut-Battelle, LLC; and Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Los Angeles County Bar Association and Armed Forces Committee of the Los Angeles County Bar Association in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Los Angeles County Police Chiefs Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Los Angeles County...s Department of Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, and Service Employees International Union in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Louis Fisher in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Louis Stein Center for Law and Ethics at Fordham University School of Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Louis W. Sullivan M.D., Tommy G. Thompson, and the Healthcare Leadership Council in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Louisiana and Arkansas in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Louisiana and Twelve Other States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Louisiana Wholesale Drug Company, Inc., CCS Pharmacy, Inc., Rite Aid Corporation, Walgreen Co., Eckerd Corporation, the Kroger Co., Safeway Inc., Albertson'S, Inc., Hy-Vee, Inc., and Maxi Drug, Inc. D/B/A Brooks Pharmacy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Louisiana, Alabama, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, South Carolina, and Wisconsin as Amici Curiae Supporting Appellants
 

Brief for Louisiana, Alabama, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, South Carolina, and Wisconsin as Amici Curiae Supporting Appellants
 

Brief for Louisiana, Alabama, Missouri, Ohio, South Carolina, and Wisconsin as Amici Curiae Supporting Appellants
 

Brief for Louisiana, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Louisiana, New Hampshire, and 20 Other States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Loyola University Medical Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Lt. Gen. Julius W. Becton, Jr., Gen. John P. Abizaid, Adm. Dennis C. Blair, Gen. Bryan Doug Brown, Gen. George W. Casey, Lt. Gen. Daniel W. Christman, Gen. Wesley K. Clark, Adm. Archie Clemins, Gen. Ann E. Dunwoody, Gen. Ronald R. Fogleman, Adm. Edmund P. Giambastiani, Jr., et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Lynch Syndrome International in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Lynn Denton, Arizona Voice for Crime Victims, Inc., and Utah Crime Victims Legal Clinic as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Mackinac Center for Public Policy in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Madeleine K. Albright, William S. Cohen, Rudolph F. Deleon, Conrad K. Harper, Donald L. Kerrick, Lawrence J. Korb, John D. Negroponte, Davis R. Robinson, and William H. Taft IV in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Maine Citizens for Clean Elections, Lawrence Bliss, Pamela Jabar Trinward, Andrew O'??Brien, and David Van Wie in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Maine County Commissioners Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Major Cities Chiefs and the International Brotherhood of Police Officers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Major Cities Chiefs, The Association Of Prosecuting Attorneys, The International Brotherhood Of Police Officers, The International Association Of Chiefs Of Police, And The Los Angeles City Attorney in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Major County Sheriffs Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Marc T. Law, John Abramson, Julie Donohue, Michael Fischer, and Meredith Rosenthal in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Marcia L. Fudge, Member of Congress and Chair of the Congressional Black Caucus, Ruben Hinojosa, Member of Congress and Chair of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, and Judy Chu, Member of Congress and Chair of the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Marcy S. Cohen, Augustus I. Dupont, Hayward D. Fisk, William Graham, Frank R. Jimenez, Robert Lonergan, Clifford B. Storms and the International Association of Defense Counsel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Margo Livesay, Ph.D., in Support of Neither Party, and Suggesting Reversal
 

Brief for Marguerite Willner in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Maricopa County Arizona Sheriff, Joseph M. Arpaio, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Marilyn Ralat-Albernas, R.N., Marcus Sandling, M.D., Michele Evans, Service Employees International Union in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Maritime Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mark A. Geistfeld in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mark Cuban in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mark Cuban in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mark McGrath in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Marriage Anti-Defamation Alliance in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Marriage Equality USA in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Marygrace Coneff, et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Maryland Chiefs of Police Association, Inc., Maryland Sheriffs' Association, Inc., Police Chiefs' Association of Prince George's County, Maryland, Inc., Maryland Municipal League, Inc., Police Executive Association, International Association of Chiefs of Police, Inc., Major Cities Chiefs Association, Mayor and City Council of Baltimore and Montgomery County, Maryland in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Massachusetts Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Massachusetts Citizens for Life, Eleanor McCullen, Expectant Mother Care, and the Pro-Life Legal Defense Fund a Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Massachusetts in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Massachusetts Jobs with Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Massachusetts, California, Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Massachusetts, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Massachusetts, New York, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Matthew B. O'Brien in Support of Hollingsworth and Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group of the U.S. House of Representatives Addressing The Merits and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Maurice F. Baggiano, Esq. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, City of New Britain Firefighters' and Police Benefit Fund, Texas Competitive Electric Holdings Company, llc, Yale University, the Regents of the University of California, County of San Mateo, the San Mateo County Joint Powers Financing Authority, City of Richmond, the Richmond Joint Powers Financing Authority, Successor Agency to the Richmond Community Redevelopment Agency, City of Riverside, the Riverside Public Financing Authority, County of San Diego, East Bay Municipal Utility District, San Diego Association pf Governments, County of Sonoma, David E. Sundstrom, in His Official Capacity as Treasurer for the County of Sonoma, and County of Sacramento in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Mayors Against Illegal Guns in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mediation and Negotiation Professionals in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Medical and Other Scientific and Health-Related Professionals in Support of Respondents and Affirmance
 

Brief for Medical Device Manufacturers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Medical Professionals in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Medical Researchers Dr. Tonia M. Young-Fadok (Mayo Clinic), Dr. Curt D. Furberg (Wake Forest), Dr. Eric J. Topol (Scripps), and Dr. David A. Etzioni (Mayo Clinic) In Support of Respondents Urging Affirmance
 

Brief for Medical Society of New Jersey, the Center for Prisoner Health and Human Rights, and Medical Experts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Medical Staff Professionals in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Medtronic Plc and Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Medtronic, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Members of Asian Americans Advancing Justice et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Members of Asian Americans Advancing Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Members of Congress and State Legislatures in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Members of Congress and the Committee to Protect America's Border in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Members of Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Members of the Business Community in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Members of the United States House of Representatives in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Members of the United States Senate in Support of Petitioners on the Severability Issue
 

Brief for Members of the Virginia General Assembly in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, the Research Foundation for the State University of New York, the Rockefeller University, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Medical Colleges, the Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities, the Council on Government Relations, and the American Council on Education in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Mentor Graphics Corp., Microsoft Corp. and SAP America, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Merced County, California, in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Merck & Co., Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Metropolitan Washington Employment Lawyers Association (MWELA) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mexican Association for Abducted and Missing Children in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Michael J. New, PH.D., Associate Scholar, Charlotte Lozier Institute, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Michael S. Knoll and Ruth Mason in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Michael Vachon in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Michigan and 19 Other States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Michigan and 30 Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Michigan and 7 Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Michigan Civil Rights Commission in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Microsoft Corporation and Professors Vincent Chiappetta and Lee A. Hollaar in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Microsoft Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Microsoft Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Microsoft Corporation, Adobe Systems Inc., and Hewlett-Packard Company in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Microsoft Corporation, EMC Corporation, and Intel Corporation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Military Historians in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Minnesota Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and Minnesota Society for Criminal Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Minnesota Department of Human Services and Minnesota Ombudsperson for American Indian Families in Support of Respondents Birth Father and Cherokee Nation
 

Brief for Minnesota For Marriage in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Minnesota in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Minuteman Civil Defense Corps, a Project of Declaration Alliance, and Lori Klein, Arizona State Senator in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Missouri Liberty Project and Missouri Forward Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Missouri, Alabama, Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, and Virginia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Mitch McConnell, United States Senator in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mitchell Hamline School of Law Intellectual Property Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Mitchell Hamline School of Law Intellectual Property Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Moneymutual LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Monitoring Analytics, LLC, Acting in its Capacity as the Independent Market Monitor for PJM, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Montana as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for Montana Water Resources Association, the National Water Resources Association, Heidi Gildred, Patrick Byrne, Clinton Irrigation Disrict, Boyd Standley, Frank Sommer and Jeffrey Carlisle in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Montana, Alabama, Alaska, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, Ohio, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, West Virginia, And Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Montreux Partners, L.P., Cordoba Capital, Los Angeles Capital, and Wilton Capital in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Morality in Media, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for More than 450 Bipartisan and Bicameral State Legislators and Lieutenant Governors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Morton Rosenberg in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Mothers Against Drunk Driving in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mothers Against Drunk Driving in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Mountain State Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Mpeg La, LLC in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Multistate Tax Commission in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Multistate Tax Commission in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Multistate Tax Commission in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Multistate Tax Commission in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Murray Energy Corp. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for MUSC Foundation for Research Development in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mykey Technology, Inc., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Mylan, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Myriad Genetics, Inc. and Genomic Health, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Myriad Genetics, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for N.C. Lieutenant Governor Daniel J. Forest in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., and National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, and the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, and the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, AARP, Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund, Inc., Latino Justice PRLDEF, Asian American Justice Center, Asian Law Caucus, and Lawyers'?? Committee for Civil Rights Under Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for NAACP Legal Defense Fund, Lawyers' Committee For Civil Rights Under Law, National Women's Law Center, National Partnership For Women And Families, Disability Rights Education And Defense Fund, Disability Rights Advocates, Bazelon Center For Mental Health Law, and the National Council on Independent Living in Support of Respondent
 

Brief For NARCA - The National Creditors Bar Association And Maryland/DC Creditors Bar Association, Inc., Missouri Creditors Bar, Inc., Kentucky Creditors Rights Bar Association, Inc., Ohio Creditor's Attorneys Association, New York's Creditors' Bar Association, Florida Creditors Bar Association, Pennsylvania Creditors' Bar Association, Illinois Creditors Bar Association, Arizona Creditor Bar Association, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Nat'l Assn. of Home Builders, Real Estate Roundtable, Public Lands Council, Nat'l Mining Assn., Nat'l Multi Housing Council, BOMA, NAIOP, Nat'l Assn. of Realtors, Nat'l Apartment Assn., American Farm Bureau Fed., Cal. Building Industry Assn., Fla. Home Builders Assn., Int'l Council of Shopping Centers, Nat'l Cattlemen's Beef Assn., Nat'l Assn. of Real Estate Investment Trusts, and Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Nathan Lewin in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Nathaniel Perisly, Bernard Grofman, Stephen Ansolabehere, Charles Stewart III, and Bruce E. Cain in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Nathaniel Persily, Bruce E. Cain, and Bernard Grofman in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for National Abortion Federation & 31 Other Organizations Committed To Protecting the Health and Safety of Reproductive Healthcare Providers and Their Patients in Support of Respondents and Affirmance
 

Brief for National Academy of Arbitrators in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Academy of Arbitrators in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for National Alliance of State Health Co-Ops in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Assocation of Criminal Defense Lawyers and National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association for Public Defense in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and the Policy Council on Law Enforcement and the Mentally Ill in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Association of Bankruptcy Trustees in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Bankruptcy Trustees in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Bankruptcy Trustees in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Association of Basketball Coaches, Women's Basketball Coaches Association, the National Association for Coaching Equity and Development, Geno Auriemma, Jim Boeheim, John Chaney, Jody Coradt, Tom Izzo, Mike Krzyzewski, Joanne P. McCallie, George Raveling, Nolan Richardson, Sue Semrau, Orlando "Tubby" Smith, John R. Thompson, Jr., Tara Vanderveer, Dick Vitale, Coquese Washington, and Gary Williams in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys and Public Citizen, Inc.
 

Brief for National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Association Of Counties; National League Of Cities; International City County Management Association; International Municipal Lawyers Association; California State Association Of Counties; League Of California Cities; And National Sheriffs Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and Texas Criminal Defense Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner and Urging Reversal
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner and Urging Reversal
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner and Urging Reversal
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Immigrant Defense Project, and National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, National Association of Federal Defenders, Families Against Mandatory Minimums, and CATO Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Pretrial Justice Institute, Center for Legal and Evidence-Based Practices, and Judge David L. Bazelon Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Association of Evangelicals; The Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention; the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints; the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod; the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America; the Romanian-American Evangelical Alliance of North America; and Truth In Action Ministries in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Respondent AT&T, Inc.
 

Brief for National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Association of Patent Practitioners, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Professional Background Screeners; National Consumer Reporting Association; Background Screening & Security Solutions LLC; Backtrack, Inc.; Checkr, Inc.; Lowers Risk Group LLC; Peopletrail; and PreCheck in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Realtors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Association of Realtors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Association of Shareholder and Consumer Attorneys in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Association of State Directors of Special Education in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for National Association ofCriminal defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Automobile Dealers Association and State Automobile Dealers Associations for Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon and Washington State in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Bar Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Black Chamber of Commerce and the Hispanic Leadership Fund in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for National Black Lung Association as Amicus Curiae Supporting Affirmance
 

Brief for National Center for Victims of Crime in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Conference of State Legislatures in Support of Appellant
 

Brief for National Congress of American Indians as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for National Consumer Law Center, National Association of Consumer Advocates, Tzedek Dc, The Legal Aid Society of the District Of Columbia, and Civil Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Consumer Law CenterNational Association of Consumer Advocates, and Public Good Law Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Council for Adoption in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Council on Teacher Reitrement and the National Conference on Public Employee Retirement Systems in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Crime Victim Bar Association, Arizona Association for Justice, Connecticut Trial Lawyers Association, Florida Justice Association, and Oregon Trial Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Disability Rights Network in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Disability Rights Network, Et Al. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National District Attorneys Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National District Attorneys Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National District Attorneys Association, California District Attorneys Association, Kansas County And District Attorneys Association, Missouri Prosecuting Attorneys Association, District Attorneys Association of the State of New York, and Oklahoma District Attorneys Association, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National District Attorneys Association, California District Attorneys Association, the American Society Of Crime Lab Directors, California Association of Crime Laboratory Directors, the International Association of Coroners and Medical Examiners, the National Association of Medical Examiners, the California State Coroners Association, and theSociety of Wildlife Forensic Examiners in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National District Attorneys Association, Missouri Association of Prosecuting Attorneys, National Association of Prosecutor Coordinators, and State Prosecuting Attorney Organizations (Totaling Thirty), in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Education Association, American Federation of Teachers, National School Boards Association, and Ohio School Boards Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Education Association, Service Employees International Union, and American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees, AFL-CIO in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Employment Law Project, National Consumers League, Legal Aid Society and Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Employment Lawyers Association and AARP in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Employment Lawyers Association and Government Accountability Project in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Employment Lawyers Association and National Employment Law Project in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Employment Lawyers Association and National Employment Law Project in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Employment Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Employment Lawyers Association, the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights et al., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Fair Housing Alliance, Center for Community Self-Help, and Hope Enterprise Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Family Civil Rights Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center and Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, American Tort Reform Association, and Croplife in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Federation of Independent Business, American Farm Bureau Federation, American Petroleum Institute, National Association of Home Builders, and Retail Litigation Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Football League and Major League Baseball in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Governors Association and Council of State Governments in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Governors Association and Other State and Local Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Governors Association, National Association of Counties, National Conference of State Legislatures, International City/County Management Association, Council of State Governments, and U.S. Conference of Mayors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, and United States Conference of Mayors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Health Law Program, et al. in Support of the Government
 

Brief for National Hydropower Association, Northwest Hydroelectric Association, American Public Power Association, Exelon Corporation, Firstlight Power Resources, Pacificorp, Portland General Electric Company, Public Utility District No. 1 of Chelan County, Washington, Public Utility District No. 2 of Grant County, Washington, Sabine River Authority of Texas, and Sabine River Authority State of Louisiana in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Immigrant Justice Center and American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Immigrant Justice Center and The American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Immigrant Justice Center, The American Immigration Lawyers Association, and The Northwest Immigrant Rights Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild and the Immigrant Legal Resource Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild, Immigrant Defense Project, American Immigration Lawyers Association, and National Immigrant Justice Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Indigenous Women's Resource Center and Additional Advocacy Organizations for Survivors of Domestic Violence and Assault in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Indigenous Women's Resource Center, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, Nottaweseppi Huron Band of the Potawatomi, Seminole Nation, Tulalip Tribes and Other Native Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Justice for Our Neighbors and the Justice for Our Neighbors Network in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health, et al., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Latino Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Lawyers Guild in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National League of Cities, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, U.S. Conference of Mayors, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National League Of Cities, National Association Of Counties, International City/County Management Association, U.S. Conference Of Mayors, Government Finance Officers Association, International Municipal Lawyers Association, National Public Employer Labor Relations Association, And The International Public Management Association For Human Resources In Support Of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Leased Housing Association, National Multifamily Housing Council, National Apartment Association, National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials, Nationa lAsociation of Residential Property Managers, Public Housing Authorities Directors Association, National Affordable Housing Management Association, and Council for Affordable and Rural Housing for Petitioners
 

Brief for National LGBTQ Task Force, et al. as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for National Marine Bankers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Police Accountability Project and Human Rights Defense Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Police Accountability Project and Human Rights Defense Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Police Accountability Project in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Police Canine Association and Police K-9 Magazine in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Press Photographers Association and Thirteen Media Organizations in Support of Petitioner Riley and Respondent Wurie
 

Brief for National Religious Broadcasters in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Retail Federation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for National Retail Federation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National School Boards Association and Illinois Association of School Boards in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National School Boards Association, American Association of School Administrators, Horace Mann League, and National Association of Elementary School Principals in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National School Boards Association, Michigan School Boards Association, AASA The School Superintendents Association, Association of School Business Officials International, and National Association of State Directors of Special Education in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Security Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Sheriff's Association, the Remembrance Project, and American Unity Legal Defense Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Taxpayers Union Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Venture Capital Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for National Venture Capital Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Water Resources Association, Association of California Water Agencies, and Westlands Water District in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for National Whistleblower Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Whistleblower Center in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for National Whistleblower Center in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for National Whistleblower Center in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for National Wildlife Federation, Hudson River Fishermen's Association New Jersey Chapter, Catskill Mountain Chapter of Trout Unlimited, Theodore Gordon Flyfishers, Inc., and American Whitewater in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Women's Law Center, Williams Institute Scholars of Sexual Orientation and Gender Law, and Women's Legal Groups in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for National Women...s Law Center, the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, the Human Rights Campaign, and 70 Additional Organizations Committed to Civil Rights and Economic Opportunity in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Women...s Law Center, the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, the Human Rights Campaign, and 70 Additional Organizations Committed to Civil Rights and Economic Opportunity in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Women~s Law Center and 68 Other Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for National Workrights Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Natural Resources Defense Council, et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Nautilus, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Navajo Nation and the Pueblo of Laguna in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Navi Pillay, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for NCIB Small Business Legal Center, Association of National Advertisers, Netchoice, Electronic Retailing Association, and American Catalog Mailers Association, inc., in Support of Petitioner.
 

Brief for NECA-IBEW Welfare Trust Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Neil Averitt in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Neil H. Cogan in Support of Respondents Urging Affirmance
 

Brief for Neutral Fee Examiners in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Nevada, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, West Virginia, & Wisconsin in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation and Associated Industries of Massachusetts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation and Associated Industries of Massachusetts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation and Associated Industries of Massachusetts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation and Associated Industries of Massachusetts in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for New England Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for New Jersey County Jail Wardens Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for New Jersey State League of Municipalities in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for New Jersey, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for New Mexico and the National District Attorneys Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New Millennium Trading, llc, AHG Investments, llc, NPR Investments, LLC, Alpha I, L.P., and West Ventures, L.P. in Support of Respondent and Affirmation
 

Brief for New York City Pension Funds, et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for New York Council of Defense Lawyers as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New York Council of Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New York Council of Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New York Credit Union Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Petitioner on the Second Question Presented and in Support of Neither Party on the First Question
 

Brief for New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent on the First Question Presented
 

Brief for New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for New York State Association of Chiefs of Police in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for New York, Massachusetts, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington, and the District of Columbia, in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Newegg and L.L. Bean in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for NewEgg, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Nicholas Johnson in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Nine Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Nine Retired Immigration Judges and Board of Immigration Appeals Members in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Ninth and Tenth Circuit Tribes in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Noble Americas Energy Solutions, Noble Americas Corporation, and Noble Americas Gas & Power, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Nokia Corporation and Nokia USA Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Nokia Technologies Oy and Nokia USA Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Nokia Technologies Oy and Nokia USA Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Non-Consumer Respondents
 

Brief for Norman Dorsen Aryeh Neier, Burt Neuborne and John Shattuck, as past leaders of the American Civil Liberties Union
 

Brief for Norman Dorsen, Aryeh Neier, John Shattuck, and Burt Neuborne in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for North Carolina Litigants in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for North Dakota, Alaska, Colorado, South Dakota, and Idaho in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for North Texas Commission in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for North Texas Municipal Water District in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Nova Chemicals Inc., Aetna Inc., Micron Technology, Inc., General Motors LLC, Emc Corporation, Intel Corporation, and Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Novartis Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for NRA Civil Rights Defense Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for NRG Energy, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Nuclear Age Peace Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Nuremberg Historians and International Lawyers in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Nuremberg Scholars Omer Bartov, Michael J. Bazyler, Donald Bloxham, Lawrence Douglas, et al, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for NVIDIA Corporation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for NYU Law School Bankruptcy Appellate Clinic in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Occupy the SEC in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Occupy the SEC in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Occupy the SEC in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Ohio Attorney General Michael Dewine in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Ohio Prosecuting Attorneys Association and National Children's Alliance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Ohio, Arkansas, Colorado, Hawai'i, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Mexico, and Washington in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Oklahoma Independent Petroleum Assocition in Support or Respondent
 

Brief for Oklahomans for Responsible Water Policy in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Olen Paul Matthews And Michael Pease in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Omaha Tribal Council Respondents
 

Brief for Omega S.A. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for OneVirginia2012: Virginians for Fair Redistricting in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for OneVirginia2021 in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Open Space Institute, Inc., Open Space Conservancy, Inc., and Audubon Society of New Hampshire in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Operation Rescue and National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference/Conela in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Originalist Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Orthodox Jewish Rabbis in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Osage Nation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Outserve-Servicemembers Legal Defense Network and American Military Partner Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for OutServe-SLDN Inc. in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Overseas Vote Foundation, Federation of American Women's Clubs Overseas, American Citizens Abroad, Military Spouses of Michigan, and Arizona Students' Assocation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Owners' Counsel of America and National Federation of Independent Businesses Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Owners' Counsel of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Owners' Counsel of America in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for P
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation and Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation and Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation and Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Center for Equal Opportunity, American Civil Rights Foundation, National Association of Scholars, Project 21, and Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Center for Equal Opportunity, American Civil Rights Institute, Project 21, National Association of Scholars, Individual Rights Foundation, and Reason Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Center for Equal Opportunity, and American Civil Rights Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Center for Equal Opportunity, and Project 21 in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Center for Equal Opportunity, Competitive Enterprise Institute, Cato Institute, Individual Rights Foundation, Reason Foundation, Project 21, and Atlantic Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Florida Keys Commercial Fishermen's Association, Southeastern Fisheries Association, Garden State Seafood Association, Commercial Fishermen of Santa Barbara, California Abalone Association, and California Sea Urchin Commission in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Linda Chavez, and Richard Clayton Trotter in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Morning Star Packing Company, Nuckles Oil Company, inc., dba Merit Oil Company, and the National Tax Limitation Committee in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Southeastern Legal Foundation, and National Association of Reversionary Property Owners as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation, Ward Connerly, Ron Unz, Glynn Custred, and the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Papool S. Chaudhari in Support of Respondent Kraft Foods Group Brands LLC and Affirmance
 

Brief for Paralyzed Veterans of America and AARP in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Paralyzed Veterans of America, Military Order of the Purple Heart, Jewish War Veterans of the United States, Inc., National Veterans Legal Services Program, National Defense Committee, National Coalition for Homeless Veterans in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Paralyzed Veterans of America, Military Order of the Purple Heart, Jewish War Veterans of the United States, Inc., National Veterans Legal Services Program, National Defense Committee, National Coalition for Homeless Veterans in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Paralyzed Veterans of America, Vietnam Veterans Association, the Military Officers Association of America and the National Veterans Legal Services Program in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Parents and Friends of Ex-Gays & Gays in Support of Hollingsworth and Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group of the U.S. House of Representatives Addressing the Merits and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Parents Television Council in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Partners in Jade Trading, llc, Petaluma FX Partners, LLC, and Tigers Eye Trading, LLC in Support of Respondents and Jurisdictional Reversal
 

Brief for Partnership for America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Patent and Intellectual Property Law Scholars in Support of Petitioners on the Issue of Joint Infringement
 

Brief for Patent-Practicing Technology Innovators in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Patricia A. Buffler, Diego T. Buriot, Jose Cordero, Ronald E. Gots, Ronald Hart, Steven H. Lamm, Angus Nicoll, Onora O'??Neill, Samuel Osher, James D. Watson and Richard Wilson in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Patrick Henry College in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Patrick J. Smith, Robert B. Stack, and John D. Bates in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Paul Finkelman and 75 Other Historians and Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Paul Finkelman, Steven K. Green, Michael I. Meyerson, John A. Ragosta, and 36 Other Legal Historians and Scholars of Religion and American Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Paul R. Michel in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Paul R. Michel in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for PCIA - The Wireless Infrastructure Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for PCIA--the Wireless Infrastructure Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Peabody Energy, Corp. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Peabody in Support for Petitioners
 

Brief for Peace Officers Research Association of California, Peace Officers Research Association of California Legal Defense Fund, National Association of Police Organizations, and Nine Statewide or Local-Level Public Safety Unions, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Pension Rights Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for People for Ethical Treatment of Animals, Inc. (PETA), Carol Crossed, Chris Coatney, Daniel Miller, Operation Rescue, Citizens for a Pro-Life Society, Pro-Life Action League, Inc., Missionaries to the Preborn, Defend Life, Survivors, Pro-Life Action Ministries, and Votelife America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for People for the American Way in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Peter Decherney in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner
 

Brief for Petitioner - Town of Chester v. Laroe Estates
 

Brief for Petitioner - BNSF Railway Company v. Kelli Tyrrell
 

Brief for Petitioner - Bristol-Myers Squibb v. Superior Court of California
 

Brief for Petitioner - Erick Daniel Davila v. Lorie Davis, Director, Texas Department Of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division
 

Brief for Petitioner - Weaver v. Massachusetts
 

Brief for Petitioner A.T. Wall, Director, Rhode Island Department of Corrections
 

Brief for Petitioner Abigail Noel Fisher
 

Brief for Petitioner Abigail Noel Fisher
 

Brief for Petitioner Actavis Elizabeth, LLC and Actavis, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Adrian Moncrieffe
 

Brief for Petitioner Albert A. Delia
 

Brief for Petitioner Albert Florence
 

Brief for Petitioner Albert Snyder
 

Brief for Petitioner Alexander Vasquez
 

Brief for Petitioner Alfred Gobeille
 

Brief for Petitioner Allen Ryan Alleyne
 

Brief for Petitioner Already, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner American Express
 

Brief for Petitioner American Trucking Asociations, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Amgen, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Andre Lee Colman, aka Andre Lee Coleman-Bey
 

Brief for Petitioner Antoine Bruce
 

Brief for Petitioner Arizona
 

Brief for Petitioner Arizona Free Enterprise Club's Freedom Club Pac, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Arkansas Game and Fish Commission
 

Brief for Petitioner Armarcion D. Henderson
 

Brief for Petitioner Arnold Schwarzenegger, Governor of the State of California and Edmund G. Brown, Jr., Attorney General of the State of California
 

Brief for Petitioner Asid Mohamad, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Astra USA, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner AT&T Mobility, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner Avondale Lockhart
 

Brief for Petitioner Baker Botts, LLP
 

Brief for Petitioner Bank Markazi, the Central Bank of Iran
 

Brief for Petitioner Bank of America, N.A.
 

Brief for Petitioner Barion Perry
 

Brief for Petitioner Bassam Yacooub Salman
 

Brief for Petitioner BG Group, PL
 

Brief for Petitioner Bill Schuette
 

Brief for Petitioner Billy Joe Reynolds
 

Brief for Petitioner Blaine Lafler
 

Brief for Petitioner BNSF Railway Company
 

Brief for Petitioner Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
 

Brief for Petitioner Bob Camreta
 

Brief for Petitioner Bobby James Moore
 

Brief for Petitioner Boeing Company
 

Brief for Petitioner Brandon Thomas Betterman
 

Brief for Petitioner Bruce James Abramski, Jr.
 

Brief for Petitioner Calvin Smith
 

Brief for Petitioner Campbell-Ewald Company
 

Brief for Petitioner Carlo J. Marinello, II
 

Brief for Petitioner Carlos Manuel Ayestas
 

Brief for Petitioner Carlos Rashad Gould
 

Brief for Petitioner Carlos Trevino
 

Brief for Petitioner Carol Anne Bond
 

Brief for Petitioner Carol Howes
 

Brief for Petitioner Carolyn M. Kloeckner
 

Brief for Petitioner Casimir Czyzewski
 

Brief for Petitioner Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief for Petitioner Charles A. Rehberg
 

Brief for Petitioner Charles E. Harris, III
 

Brief for Petitioner Charles Fowler
 

Brief for Petitioner Charles L. Ryan, Director, Arizona Department of Corrections
 

Brief for Petitioner Charles Murphy
 

Brief for Petitioner Charmaine Hamer
 

Brief for Petitioner Chase Bank USA, N.A.
 

Brief for Petitioner China Agritech, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Christine Armour
 

Brief for Petitioner Cigna Corporation and Cigna Pension Plan
 

Brief for Petitioner City and County of San Francisco, California
 

Brief for Petitioner City of Los Angeles
 

Brief for Petitioner Clayvin Herrera
 

Brief for Petitioner Clifton Terelle McNeill
 

Brief for Petitioner Comcast Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner Commil USA, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner Commonwealth of Kentucky
 

Brief for Petitioner Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
 

Brief for Petitioner Commonwealth of Virginia, By its Office for Protection and Advocacy
 

Brief for Petitioner CompucreditCorporation and Synovous Bank
 

Brief for Petitioner Cory R. Maples
 

Brief for Petitioner Costco Wholesale Corp.
 

Brief for Petitioner County of Maui
 

Brief for Petitioner Coy A. Koontz, Jr.
 

Brief for Petitioner CPV Maryland, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner CRST Van Expedited, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner CSX Transportation, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Cuozzo Speed Technologies, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner Dan's City Used Cars, Inc. D/B/A Dan's City Auto Body
 

Brief for Petitioner Dana Roberts
 

Brief for Petitioner Daniel Coleman
 

Brief for Petitioner Danny Birchfield
 

Brief for Petitioner David Anthony Taylor
 

Brief for Petitioner David Patchak
 

Brief for Petitioner Deborah K. Johnson, Acting Warden
 

Brief for Petitioner Delbert Williamson, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Denard Stokeling
 

Brief for Petitioner Dennys Rodriguez
 

Brief for Petitioner DIRECTV, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner DIRECTV, Inc., in Response to Respondents... Supplemental Brief
 

Brief for Petitioner Donald Bullcoming
 

Brief for Petitioner Doretha H. Henderson, Authorized Representative of David L. Henderson Deceased
 

Brief for Petitioner Doug Decker, In His Official Capacity as Oregon State Forester, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Doyle Randall Paroline
 

Brief for Petitioner Duane Buck
 

Brief for Petitioner Edward F. Maracich, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Edward G. McDonough
 

Brief for Petitioner Edward Lane
 

Brief for Petitioner Elijah Manuel
 

Brief for Petitioner Encino Motorcars, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner Encino Motorcars, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
 

Brief for Petitioner Eric Greene
 

Brief for Petitioner Eric H. Holder, Jr., Attorney General
 

Brief for Petitioner Eric L. Thompson
 

Brief for Petitioner Erica P. John Fund, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Esther Kiobel Individually and on behalf of Her Late Husband, Dr. Barinem Kiobel, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Evan Miller
 

Brief for Petitioner Evangelisto Ramos
 

Brief for Petitioner Fane Lozman
 

Brief for Petitioner Federal Communications Commission, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Federal Trade Commission
 

Brief for Petitioner Food Marketing Institute
 

Brief for Petitioner Fort Bend County
 

Brief for Petitioner Fourth Estate Pub. Benefit Corp.
 

Brief for Petitioner Franchise Tax Board of the State of California
 

Brief for Petitioner Franchise Tax Board of the State of California
 

Brief for Petitioner Francis V. Lorenzo
 

Brief for Petitioner Frantz DePierre
 

Brief for Petitioner Freddie Lee Hall
 

Brief for Petitioner Gale Garriott, in His Official Capacity as Director of Arizona Department of Revenue
 

Brief for Petitioner General Dynamics Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner Genesis Healthcare Corporation and Eldercare Resources Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner Georgia-Pacific West, Inc., Hampton Tree Farms, Inc., Stimson Lumber Co., Swanson Group, Inc., American Forest & Paper Association, Oregon Forest Industries Council, & Tillamook County
 

Brief for Petitioner Gerald Lynn Bostock
 

Brief for Petitioner Gilberto Garza, Jr.
 

Brief for Petitioner Giridhar C. Sekhar
 

Brief for Petitioner Glen Scott Milner
 

Brief for Petitioner Glenn Tibble
 

Brief for Petitioner Global-Tech Appliances, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Gloria Gail Kurns, Executrix of The Estate Of George M. Corson, Deceased, and Freida E. Jung Corson, Widow In Her Own Right
 

Brief for Petitioner Goodyear Luxembourg Tires, S.A., Goodyear Lastikleri, T.A.S., and Goodyear Dunlop Tires France, S.A.
 

Brief for Petitioner Greg McQuiggin
 

Brief for Petitioner Gregory Welch
 

Brief for Petitioner Halo Electronics, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Harvey Leroy Sossamon III
 

Brief for Petitioner Henry Montgomery
 

Brief for Petitioner Henry W. Skinner
 

Brief for Petitioner Herman Gundy
 

Brief for Petitioner Home Depot U.S.A., Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School
 

Brief for Petitioner Howard K. Stern, Executor of the Estate of Vicki Lynn Marshall
 

Brief for Petitioner Husky International Electronics, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner J. McIntyre Machinery LTD
 

Brief for Petitioner J.B.D.
 

Brief for Petitioner Jamal Kiyemba, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner James Alford
 

Brief for Petitioner James Kraig Kahler
 

Brief for Petitioner James L. Kisor
 

Brief for Petitioner James R. Clapper, Jr., Director of National Intelligence, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner James Walker, Warden, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Janus Capital Group
 

Brief for Petitioner Jason M. Ransom
 

Brief for Petitioner Jason Pepper
 

Brief for Petitioner Jeff Premo, Superintendent, Oregon State Penitentiary
 

Brief for Petitioner Jeffery Lee Chafin
 

Brief for Petitioner Jeffrey J. Heffernan
 

Brief for Petitioner Jennings
 

Brief for Petitioner Joel Judulang
 

Brief for Petitioner John Ashcroft
 

Brief for Petitioner John McComish, Nancy McCain, and Tony Bouie
 

Brief for Petitioner John Sturgeon
 

Brief for Petitioner John Walker III
 

Brief for Petitioner Jonathan Edward Boyer
 

Brief for Petitioner Jorge Luna Torres
 

Brief for Petitioner Jose Toletino
 

Brief for Petitioner Juan Smith
 

Brief for Petitioner Kathleen Sebelius, Secretary of Health and Human Services
 

Brief for Petitioner Keith Smith and Shirley Sperlazza
 

Brief for Petitioner Kelly Harrington
 

Brief for Petitioner Kevan Brumfield
 

Brief for Petitioner Kevin Abbott
 

Brief for Petitioner Kevin Chappell, Warden
 

Brief for Petitioner Kevin Kasten
 

Brief for Petitioner Kevin Rotkiske
 

Brief for Petitioner Kim Millbrook
 

Brief for Petitioner Kingdomware Technologies, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Kouichi Taniguchi
 

Brief for Petitioner Kuntrell Jackson
 

Brief for Petitioner Lamar Evans
 

Brief for Petitioner Lamar, Archer & Cofrin, LLP
 

Brief for Petitioner Lanell Williams-Yulee
 

Brief for Petitioner Lawrence Eugene Shaw
 

Brief for Petitioner Lawrence Golan, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Lester Ray Nichols
 

Brief for Petitioner Lewis
 

Brief for Petitioner Lexmark International
 

Brief for Petitioner Los Angeles County, California
 

Brief for Petitioner Los Angeles Flood Control District
 

Brief for Petitioner Louis B. Bullard
 

Brief for Petitioner Luis Mariano Martinez
 

Brief for Petitioner Lynwood D. Hall and Brenda A. Hall
 

Brief for Petitioner Maetta Vance
 

Brief for Petitioner Marcelo Manrique
 

Brief for Petitioner Marcus Andrew Burrage
 

Brief for Petitioner Marcus Sykes
 

Brief for Petitioner Margaret Minneci, Jonathan E. Akanno, Robert Spack, Bob D. Stiefer, and Becky Maness
 

Brief for Petitioner Marvin D. Horne
 

Brief for Petitioner Marvin D. Horne, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Marvin Green
 

Brief for Petitioner Marvin Peugh
 

Brief for Petitioner Maryland
 

Brief for Petitioner Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission
 

Brief for Petitioner Match-E-Be-Nash-She-Wish Band of the Pottawatomie Indians
 

Brief for Petitioner Matrixx Initiatives, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner Matthew Deschamps
 

Brief for Petitioner Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin
 

Brief for Petitioner Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.
 

Brief for Petitioner Merit Management Group, LP
 

Brief for Petitioner Michael B. Elgin
 

Brief for Petitioner Michael B. Kingsley
 

Brief for Petitioner Michael D. Turner
 

Brief for Petitioner Michael Martel
 

Brief for Petitioner Michael Musacchio
 

Brief for Petitioner Michael N. Currier
 

Brief for Petitioner Michael Ross
 

Brief for Petitioner Michelle Ortiz
 

Brief for Petitioner Michigan
 

Brief for Petitioner Microsoft Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner Microsoft Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner Midland Funding
 

Brief for Petitioner Miguel Angel Pena Rodriguez
 

Brief for Petitioner Mike Carpenter, Interim Warden
 

Brief for Petitioner Mission Product Holdings, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Monroe Ace Sester
 

Brief for Petitioner Moones Mellouli
 

Brief for Petitioner Mutual Pharmaceutical Company, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner National Aeronautics and Space Administration
 

Brief for Petitioner National Association of Manufacturers
 

Brief for Petitioner National Labor Relations Board
 

Brief for Petitioner National Labor Relations Board
 

Brief for Petitioner National Meat Association
 

Brief for Petitioner National Mining Association
 

Brief for Petitioner Nevada Commission on Ethics
 

Brief for Petitioner New Prime Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Noel Reyes Mata
 

Brief for Petitioner Nutraceutical Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner OBB Personenverkehr AG
 

Brief for Petitioner Ohio
 

Brief for Petitioner Oil States Energy Services, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner Orjiakor N. Isiogu, Monica Martinez, and Greg R. White, Commissioners of the Michigan Public Service Commission
 

Brief for Petitioner Pacific Operators Offshore, LLP
 

Brief for Petitioner Pamela Harris et al
 

Brief for Petitioner Panagis Vartelas
 

Brief for Petitioner Patrick Wood
 

Brief for Petitioner Peggy Young
 

Brief for Petitioner PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries
 

Brief for Petitioner PPL Montana, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner Rafael Arriaza Gonzalez
 

Brief for Petitioner Randall Mathena, Warden
 

Brief for Petitioner Randy Curtis Bullock
 

Brief for Petitioner Republic of Sudan
 

Brief for Petitioner Return Mail, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Richard Culbertson
 

Brief for Petitioner Richard E. Glossip
 

Brief for Petitioner Richard Mathis
 

Brief for Petitioner Ricky D. Fox
 

Brief for Petitioner Ricky Lee Smith
 

Brief for Petitioner Robert F. McDonnell
 

Brief for Petitioner Robert McCoy
 

Brief for Petitioner Robert Montanile
 

Brief for Petitioner Rocky Dietz
 

Brief for Petitioner Roselva Chaidez
 

Brief for Petitioner Ruben Flores Villar
 

Brief for Petitioner Russell Bucklew
 

Brief for Petitioner Samuel James Johnson
 

Brief for Petitioner Samuel Ocasio
 

Brief for Petitioner Saul Molina-Martinez
 

Brief for Petitioner SCA Hygiene Products Aktiebolag and SCA Personal Care, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Schindler Elevator Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner Shelby County, Alabama
 

Brief for Petitioner Sila Luis
 

Brief for Petitioner Southern Union Company
 

Brief for Petitioner Spokeo, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Sprint Communications Company, L.P.
 

Brief for Petitioner Stacy and Brent Fry
 

Brief for Petitioner Star Athletica, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner State Farm Fire and Casualty Company
 

Brief for Petitioner State of Arizona
 

Brief for Petitioner State of Florida
 

Brief For Petitioner State of Missouri
 

Brief for Petitioner State of Missouri
 

Brief for Petitioner State of Utah
 

Brief for Petitioner Stephen Dominick McFadden
 

Brief for Petitioner Stephen Duncan
 

Brief for Petitioner Steve A. Filarsky
 

Brief for Petitioner Steve Michael Beylund
 

Brief for Petitioner Supap Kirtsaeng DBA Bluechristine99
 

Brief for Petitioner Supap Kirtsaeng, d/b/a Bluechristine99
 

Brief for Petitioner Talk America
 

Brief for Petitioner Tammy Foret Freeman
 

Brief for Petitioner Tennessee Wine and Spirits Retailers Association
 

Brief for Petitioner Terance Gamble
 

Brief for Petitioner Terrance Williams
 

Brief for Petitioner Terrence Byrd
 

Brief for Petitioner Terry Tibbals,Warden
 

Brief for Petitioner Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner the Dutra Group
 

Brief for Petitioner the People of the State of Michigan
 

Brief for Petitioner Timothy Ivory Carpenter
 

Brief for Petitioner Timothy Lee Hurst
 

Brief for Petitioner Timothy Tyrone Foster
 

Brief for Petitioner Toby Douglas, Director, Department of Health Care Services, State of California
 

Brief for Petitioner Tony Henderson
 

Brief for Petitioner Travis Beckles
 

Brief for Petitioner Trinity Lutheran Church of Columbia, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner Tyson Foods, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner U.S. Bank National Association, Trustee, et al. by and through, CWCapital Asset Management LLC, Soley in Its Capacity as Special Servicer
 

Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Brief for Petitioner United States Army Corps of Engineers
 

Brief for Petitioner United States of America
 

Brief for Petitioner United States of America
 

Brief for Petitioner United States of America
 

Brief for Petitioner United States of America
 

Brief for Petitioner United States of America
 

Brief for Petitioner US Airways, Inc., in Its Capacity as Fiduciary and Plan Administrator of the US Airways, Inc., Employee Benefit Plan
 

Brief for Petitioner Utility Air Regulatory Group
 

Brief for Petitioner Vernon Hugh Bowman
 

Brief for Petitioner Vincent Cullen, Acting Warden, California State Prison at San Quentin
 

Brief for Petitioner Vincent E. Staub
 

Brief for Petitioner Visa
 

Brief for Petitioner Visa
 

Brief for Petitioner Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.,
 

Brief for Petitioner Wellness International Network
 

Brief for Petitioner Wescley Fonseca Pereira
 

Brief for Petitioner WesternGeco LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner William Freeman
 

Brief For Petitioner William H. Sorrell, as Attorney General of the State of Vermont; Peter Shumlin, In His Capacity as Governor of the State of Vermont; and Douglas A. Racine, In His Capacity as Secretary of the Agency of Human Services of the State of Vermont,
 

Brief for Petitioner William Robert Bernard, Jr.
 

Brief for Petitioner Willie Gene Davis
 

Brief for Petitioner, Air Wisconsin Airlines Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner, Alejandro Mayorkas, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioner, Alice Corporation PTY, Ltd
 

Brief for Petitioner, Anthony D. Elonis
 

Brief for Petitioner, Anthony Walden
 

Brief for Petitioner, Atlantic Marine Construction Company, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner, B&B Hardware, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner, Benjamin Robers
 

Brief for Petitioner, Carol Anne Bond
 

Brief for Petitioner, Chadbourne & Parke
 

Brief for Petitioner, Comcast Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner, CTS Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioner, Daimler Chrysler AG
 

Brief for Petitioner, David Leon Riley
 

Brief for Petitioner, Department of Homeland Security
 

Brief for Petitioner, Direct Marketing Association
 

Brief for Petitioner, Executive Benefits Insurance Agency
 

Brief for Petitioner, Fifth Third Bancorp, et al
 

Brief for Petitioner, Genovevo Salinas
 

Brief for Petitioner, Gregory Houston Holt A/K/A Abdul Maalik Muhammad
 

Brief for Petitioner, Hana Financial
 

Brief for Petitioner, Highmark, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner, Integrity Staffing Solutions
 

Brief for Petitioner, Jacqueline Hillmann
 

Brief for Petitioner, John L. Yates
 

Brief for Petitioner, Julie Heimeshoff
 

Brief for Petitioner, Justus C. Rosemond
 

Brief for Petitioner, Ken Salazar, Secretary of the Interior, et al
 

Brief for Petitioner, Kevin Loughrin
 

Brief for Petitioner, Larry Whitfield
 

Brief for Petitioner, Limelight Networks, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner, Mach Mining, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner, Manuel Jose Lozano
 

Brief for Petitioner, Maryland State Comptroller of the Treasury
 

Brief for Petitioner, Medtronic, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner, Menachem Binyamin Zivotofsky
 

Brief for Petitioner, Nautilus, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner, Nicholas Brady Heien
 

Brief for Petitioner, Octane Fitness, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner, Oxford Health Plans, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner, Paula Petrella
 

Brief for Petitioner, Pom Wonderful LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner, Proskauer Rose LLP
 

Brief for Petitioner, Randy White
 

Brief for Petitioner, Ritzen Group, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner, Robert Mitchell Jennings
 

Brief for Petitioner, SAS Institute Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioner, Sherry L. Burt
 

Brief for Petitioner, State of Kansas
 

Brief for Petitioner, State of Michigan
 

Brief for Petitioner, State of Mississippi
 

Brief for Petitioner, Stephen Law
 

Brief for Petitioner, T-Mobile South LLC
 

Brief for Petitioner, Tarrant Regional Water District
 

Brief for Petitioner, The North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners
 

Brief for Petitioner, The Republic of Argentina
 

Brief for Petitioner, Town of Greece
 

Brief for Petitioner, Unite Here Local 355
 

Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Brief for Petitioner, Utility Air Regulatory Group
 

Brief for Petitioner, Walter Fernandez
 

Brief for Petitioners
 

Brief for Petitioners
 

Brief for Petitioners - Charles R. Kokesh v. Securities and Exchange Commission
 

Brief for Petitioners - California Public Employees' Retirement System v. ANZ Securities, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners - Maslenjack v. United States
 

Brief for Petitioners - McWilliams Jr. v. Dunn
 

Brief for Petitioners - Perry v. Merit
 

Brief for Petitioners Actavis Inc. and Actavis Elizabeth LLC
 

Brief for Petitioners Adoptive Couple
 

Brief for Petitioners Akio and Fusako Kawashima
 

Brief for Petitioners Altitude Express, Inc., and Ray Maynard
 

Brief for Petitioners American Chemistry Council, et al., no. 12-1248
 

Brief for Petitioners Americold Logistics, LLC, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Animal Science Products, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners April DeBoer, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Borough of Duryea, Pennsylvania, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Budha Ismail Jam, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Cable, Telecommunications, and Technology Committee of the New Orleans City Council
 

Brief for Petitioners Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, State of Alaska, and American Farm Bureau Federation
 

Brief for Petitioners Chantell Sackett and Michael Sackett
 

Brief for Petitioners CITGO Asphalt Refining Company, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners City of Arlington, Texas, et al
 

Brief for Petitioners Cochise Consultancy, Inc. and the Parsons Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioners Conestoga Wood Specialties Corp., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Curt Messerschmidt and Robert Lawrence
 

Brief for Petitioners Cyan, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners David A. Zubik, et al., Priests for Life, et al., and Roman Catholic Archbishop of Washington, et al. (14-1418, 14-1453, 14-1505)
 

Brief for Petitioners David King, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Department of Health and Human Services, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners District of Columbia, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Dollar General Corp. and Dolgencorp, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioners East Baptist Texas University, Little Sisters of the Poor Home for the Aged, Southern Nazarene University, Geneva College (15-35, 15-105, 15-119, 15-191)
 

Brief for Petitioners Emulex Corporation, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners First American Financial Corporation, Successor in Interest to the First American Corporation and First American Title Insurance Company
 

Brief for Petitioners Frederick L. Allen and Nautilus Productions, LLC.
 

Brief for Petitioners Gary Thacker, et ux.
 

Brief for Petitioners Governor Christopher J. Christie, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Gregory Bourke and Timothy Love
 

Brief for Petitioners Harry F. Connick, in his official capacity as District Attorney; Eric Dubelier, in his official capacity as Assistant District Attorney; James Williams, in his official capacity as Assistant District Attorney; Leon A. Cannizzaro, Jr., in his official capacity as District Attorney; Orleans Parish District Attorney'??s Office
 

Brief for Petitioners Hawkins & Patterson
 

Brief for Petitioners in No. 12-1254, The Energy-Intensive Manufacturers Working Group on Greenhouse Gas Regulation and the Glass Packaging Institute
 

Brief for Petitioners James Obergefell and Brittani Henry
 

Brief for Petitioners Jermaine Simmons, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Jerry W. Gunn, Individually; Williams Squires & Wren, L.L.P.; James E. Wren, Individually; Slusser & Frost, L.L.P.; William C. Slusser, Individually; Slusser Wilson & Partridge, L.L.P.; and Michael E. Wilson, Individually
 

Brief for Petitioners John F. Kerry, Secretary of State, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Joseph Jesner, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Juan Bravo-Fernandez and Hector Martinez-Maldonado
 

Brief for Petitioners Kathleen Sebelius, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Lamps Plus, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Life Technologies Corporation
 

Brief for Petitioners Lightfoot and Hollis-Arrington
 

Brief for Petitioners Lisa Madigan, et al
 

Brief for Petitioners Lorenzo Prado Navarette and Jose Prado Navarette
 

Brief for Petitioners Luis A. Nieves, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Manhattan Community Access Corporation, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners MarcGabelli, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Mark J. McBurnery and Roger W. Hurlbert
 

Brief for Petitioners Mark J. Sheriff, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Marvin M. Brandt Revocable Trust and Marvin M. Brandt, Trustee
 

Brief for Petitioners Masterpiece Cakeshop, Ltd.; and Jack C. Phillips
 

Brief for Petitioners Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Mayo Clinic, and Regents of the University of Minnesota
 

Brief for Petitioners Melba Acosta-Febo, as Government Development Bank for Puerto Rico Agent, and John Doe, in his Official Capacity as Employee or Agent of the Government Development Bank of Puerto Rico
 

Brief for Petitioners Merrill Lynch, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners National Institute of Family and Life Advocates, d/b/a NIFLA, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Nebraska, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Oneok, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Pastor Clyde Reed and Good News Community Church
 

Brief for Petitioners PDR Network, LLC, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Pliva, Inc.; Teva Pharms. Usa, Inc.; and UDL Labs, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioners Radlax Gateway Hotel, LLC, and Radlax Gateway Deck, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioners Raymond J. Lucia and Raymond J. Lucia Companies, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioners Rebecca Friedrichs, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Richard Armstrong and Lisa Hettinger
 

Brief for Petitioners Rimini Street, Inc., and Seth Ravin
 

Brief for Petitioners RJR Nabisco, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Russell Bruesewitz and Robalee Bruesewitz, Parents and Natural Guardians of Hannah Bruesewitz, a minor child, and In Their Own Right
 

Brief for Petitioners Samsung Electronics, Ltd., Samsung Electronics America, Inc., and Samsung Telecommunications America, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioners Samsung Electronics, Ltd., Samsung Electronics America, Inc., and Samsung Telecommunications America, LLC
 

Brief for Petitioners Southeastern Legal Foundation, Inc., et al., no. 12-1268
 

Brief for Petitioners Stephen Kimble and Robert Michael Grabb
 

Brief for Petitioners Stephen L. Voisine and William E. Armstrong, III
 

Brief for Petitioners Stephen M. Shapiro, O. John Benisek, and Maria B. Pycha
 

Brief for Petitioners Stryker Corporation, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners the Association for Molecular Pathology, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Alejandro Garcia Padilla, as Governor of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and Cesar Miranda Rodriguez, as Secretary of Justice of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
 

Brief for Petitioners Theodore H. Frank, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Timothy D. Koons, Kenneth Jay Putensen, Randy Feauto, Esequiel Gutierrez, and Jose Manuel Gardea
 

Brief for Petitioners Twenty-Six County Recorders and County Election Directors
 

Brief for Petitioners United States, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Valeria Tanco, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Virgil D. "Gus" Reichle, Jr., Dan Doyle
 

Brief for Petitioners Virginia Uranium, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners W. Kevin Hughes, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners Whole Woman's Health, et al. (reprint)
 

Brief for Petitioners Wisconsin Central Ltd.; Grand Trunk Western Railroad Company; and Illinois Central Railroad Company
 

Brief for Petitioners, ABC Inc. et al
 

Brief for Petitioners, Alabama Department of Revenue and Julie Magee
 

Brief for Petitioners, American Lung Association
 

Brief for Petitioners, Brandon C. Clark and Heidi K. Heffron-Clark
 

Brief for Petitioners, Dennis Hollingsworth, et al
 

Brief for Petitioners, Department of Transportation, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners, Eleanor McCullen, Jean Zarrella, Gregory A. Smith, Eric Cadin, Cyril Shea, Mark Bashour, and Nancy Clark
 

Brief for Petitioners, Ellen Gelboim and Linda Zacher, Individually for Themselves and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated
 

Brief for Petitioners, Halliburton Co. and David Lesar
 

Brief for Petitioners, Jackie Hosang Lawson and Jonathan M. Zang
 

Brief for Petitioners, Jerome Nickols, Ryan Henry, and Beverly Buck
 

Brief for Petitioners, Kellogg Brown & Root Services, Inc., Kbr Inc., Halliburton Company, and Service Employees International, Petitioners
 

Brief for Petitioners, Larry D. Jesinoski and Cheryle Jesinoski
 

Brief for Petitioners, M&G Polymers USA, LLC, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners, Northwest, Inc.
 

Brief for Petitioners, Officer Vance Plumhoff, et al
 

Brief for Petitioners, Omnicare, Inc., Et Al.
 

Brief for Petitioners, Ray Haluch Gravel Co., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners, Retirement Plans Committee of IBM, et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners, Susan B. Anthony List and Coalition Opposed to Additional Spending and Taxes
 

Brief for Petitioners, Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Petitioners, Tim Wood and Rob Savage
 

Brief for Petitioners, Willis of Colorado Inc.; Willis Group Holdings Limited; Willis Limited; Bowen, Miclette & Britt, Inc.; and SEI Investments Company
 

Brief for PetitionerStandard Fire Company
 

Brief for Petititioner, Dart Cherokee Basin Operating Company, LLC, and Cherokee Basin Pipeline, LLC
 

Brief for PFLAG, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Care Management Association, National Association of Chain Drug Stores, and Healthcare Chain Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Representatives in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufactuers of America (PhRMA) in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (Phrma) in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America and American Bankers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America and Biotechnology Industry Organization in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of American (PhRMA) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Phil Berger, President Pro Tempore of the North Carolina Senate, and Tim Moore, Speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Physicians for Reproductive Health in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Physicians with Experience Treating Women in Rural or Emergency Settings in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. in Support of Respondents Monsanto Company, Et Al.
 

Brief for Plaintiff Nancy Sherman, Executrix, in Support of Neither Party, Urging Reversal
 

Brief for Planned Parenthood Federation of America and Physicians for Reproductive Health as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Planned Parenthood of Greater Texas Surgical Health Services, Planned Parenthood Center for Choice, and Planned Parenthood South Texas Surgical Center
 

Brief for Plantronics, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Political Economists Henry N. Butler, Christopher Demuth, Marc Landy, R. Shep Melnick, Todd J. Zywicki, and the Center for Energy Innovation and Independence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Political Science and Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Political Science Professors in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Political Scientists and Historians in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Political Scientists Donald R. Kinder, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Political Scientists Gary Segura, Shaun Bowler, Todd Donovan, Zoltan Hajnal, Rodney Hero, Stephen Nicholson, And Caroline Tolbert in Support of Chase Cantrell Respondents
 

Brief for Political Scientists in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Political Scientists Thomas L. Brunell, Charles S. Bullock III, and Ronald Keith Gaddie in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Powell'S Books Inc., Strand Book Store, Inc., Half Price Books, Records, Magazines, Inc., and Harvard Book Store Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Power Integrations, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Practitioners and Professors of International Arbitration Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Prescription Policy Choices, Professors of Law, and Professors of Health Policy in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for President of the House of Deputies of the Episcopal Church and the Episcopal Bishops of Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio and Tennessee; General Synod of the United Church of Christ; Jewish Theological Seminary; Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association; Reconstructionist Rabbinical College and Jewish Reconstructionist Communities; Union for Reform Judaism; Unitarian Universalists Association; United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism; Affirmation; Covenant Network of Presbyterians; Friends for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Concerns; Methodist Federation for Social Action; More Light Presbyterians; Muslims for Progressive Values; the Open and Affirming Coalition of the United Church of Christ; Parity; Reconciling Ministries Network; Reconciling Works; Lutherans for Full Participation; Religious Institute, Inc.; and 1,900 Individual Faith Leaders in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for President of the House of Deputies of the Episcopal Church and the Episcopal Bishops of Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio and Tennessee; General Synod of the United Church of Christ; Jewish Theological Seminary; Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association; Reconstructionist Rabbinical College and Jewish Reconstructionist Communities; Union for Reform Judaism; Unitarian Universalists Association; United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism; Affirmation; Covenant Network of Presbyterians; Friends for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Concerns; Methodist Federation for Social Action; More Light Presbyterians; Muslims for Progressive Values; the Open and Affirming Coalition of the United Church of Christ; Parity; Reconciling Ministries Network; Reconciling Works; Lutherans for Full Participation; Religious Institute, Inc.; and 1,900 Individual Faith Leaders in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Priests for Life in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Prison Fellowship Ministries, World Vision, National Association of Evangelicals, and Christian Legal Society in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Prison Fellowship, Aleph Institute, American Friends Service Committee, California Council of Churches, Friends Committee on Legislation of California, General Synod of the United Church of Christ, Islamic Shura Council of Southern California, Leadership Conference of Women Religious, National Association of Evangelicals, National Council of Churches, Paulist National Catholic Evangelization Association, Progressive Jewish Alliance, Sojourners, Union for Reform Judaism, and Unitarian Universalist Association in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Private Petitioners on Severability
 

Brief for Private Respondents
 

Brief for Private Respondents on the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professional Arbitrators and Arbitration Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professional Economists and Scholars in Related Fields in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Professor Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Adam J. Levitin in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Professor Adam Mossoff in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Alex-Geert Castermans (Leiden University), Professor Cees Van Dam (Utrecht University), Dr. Liesbeth Enneking (Utrecht University), Dr. Nicola Jagers (Tilburg University), Professor Menno Kamminga (Maastricht University), in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Alexander Volokh in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor Amandeep S. Grewal in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Barbara L. Creel and the Tribal Defender Network in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor Carl Cohen of the University of Michigan, Professor Robert Koons of the University of Texas and the Texas Association of Scholars in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Cedric Merlin Powell of the University of Louisville Brandeis School of Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Daniel I. Halperin in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor Daniel J. Gervais in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Daniel N. Robinson, Ph.D. in Support of Petitioners and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Professor David Freeman Engstrom in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor David J. Shakow in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor Derek B. Booth, Ph.D., P.E., R.P.G. on the Stormwater Collection Process and the Function of Storm Sewer Systems in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor Edward A. Zelinsky in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Eileen M. Kane in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Professor Frederick M. Abbott In Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Gregory C. Sisk in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Gregory C. Sisk in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor Hugh C. Hansen in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor Jeffrey A. Lefstin in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor Joan Heifetz Hollinger, Professor Elizabeth Bartholet, Center for Adoption Policy, and Advokids in Support of Respondent Baby Girl and Reversal
 

Brief for Professor Joel Hesch in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor Jonathan D. Varat in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor Jonathan R. Nash in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor Juan E. Mendez UN Special Rapporteur on Torture on Reargument in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Juan Mendez, U.N. Special Rapporteur on Torture, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Professor Kevin M. Clermont in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor Kristin E. Hickman in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Kristin E. Hickman in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor Kristin Hickman in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor Lawrence Lessig in Support of Appellee
 

Brief for Professor Lea Brilmayer in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Lee A. Hollaar in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Lee Hollaar and Peter K. Trzyna in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Margaret Howard in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor of Law and his Students from the Moritz College of Law at The Ohio State University in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Professor Patricia A. Broussard, Sabrina Collins, Stacy Hane, Akunna Olumba and Named Students and Organizations of Florida A & M University College of Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor Peter Linzer in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor Peter S. Menell in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Professor Eugene Volokh, National Council of the Churches of Christ In The USA, Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty, Queens Federation of Churches, National Association of Evangelicals, And Christian Legal Society in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Richard R.W. Brooks in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professor Robin Feldman and the Institute for Innovation Law of the University of California Hastings College of the Law in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Robin Feldman and the U.C. Hastings Institute for Innovation Law in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Robin Feldman and the U.C. Hastings Institute for Innovation Law in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Robin Feldman, Et Al., In Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Robin Feldman, Professor Alice Armitage, and the U.C. Hastings Institute for Innovation Law in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Scott Dodson as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Scott Dodson in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Shon Hopwood as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Stephen E. Sachs in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professor Stephen E. Sachs in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professor Thomas Hehir, Professor Melody B. Musgrove, and Madeleine Will in Support of Petitione
 

Brief for Professor Tuan Samahon in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professor Victor Williams in Support of Petitioner and Reversal
 

Brief for Professor W. Burlette Carter in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors Adam Lamparello and Charles E. MacLean in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors Alexandra D. Lahav and Sachin S. Pandya in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors and Practitioners of Arbitration Law in Support of Reversa
 

Brief for Professors at Law and Business Schools in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors at Law and Business Schools in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors Cedric Merlin Powell, Samuel A. Marcosson, Goldburn P. Maynard, Jr., Laura Rene McNeal, and Enid F. Trucios-Haynes of the University of Louisville Brandeis School of Law, and Louisville Metro Human Relations Commission-Advocacy Board in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors Charles E. Maclean & Adam Lamparello in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professors Charles E. Maclean & Adam Lamparello in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors Christina Duffy Ponsa and Sam Erman in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors Christopher Buccafusco and Jeanne Fromer in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors Cynthia L. Estlund, Samuel Estreicher, Julius G. Getman, William B. Gould IV, Michael C. Harper, Stewart J. Schwab and Theodore J. St. Antoine in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors David M. Golove, Martin S. Lederman and John Mikhail in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors E. Donald Elliott and John J. Watkins in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors Eugene Volokh and James Weinstein in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors Jagdeep S. Bhandari, Susan Block-Lieb, Jessica Gabel Cino, Linda E. Coco, Robert D'Agostino, Irina J. Fox, C. Scott Pryor, Theresa J. Pulley Radwan, Nancy B. Rapoport, Michael Sousa, and Laura M. Spitz in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors Jagdeep S. Bhandari, Susan Block-Lieb, Linda Coco, Jessica Dawn Gabel, Kenneth N. Klee, George W. Kuney, Lois R. Lupica, Lawrence Ponoroff, C. Scott Pryor, Nancy B. Rapoport, Marie T. Reilly, Keith Sharfman, and Michael Sousa in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors Jeannie Suk Gersen and C. Scott Hemphill in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors John F. Duffy and Richard M. Hynes in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professors John L. Allen, David M. Emmons, Gary E. Moulton, Thomas J. Noel, Charles E. Rankin, Carlos A. Schwantes, and David M. Wrobel in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors Joshua A. Douglas and Michael E. Solimine, Election Law Scholars, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Professors Laurence H. Tribe and Michael C. Dorf in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Professors Lester Brickman and Richard Esenberg and the Center for the Rule of Law in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for Professors Nan D. Hunter, Suzanne B. Goldberg, Kathryn Abrams, Katherine M. Franke, Burt Neuborne, and Angela P. Harris Addressing The Merits in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Professors Neil E. Harl, Jack F. Williams, and Robert Himschoot in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors of Civil Procedure and Federal Courts in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors of Civil Procedure and Federal Courts on Reargument in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors of Civil Procedure in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors of Civil Procedure in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors of Constitutional and Election Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors of Constitutional, Immigration and Administrative Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors of Federal Jurisdiction in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors of History, Political Science, and Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors of History, Political Science, and Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors of Indian Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors of International Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors of International Law, Foreign Relations Law, and Federal Jurisdiction Lawin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors of Law and Political Science in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors of Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors of Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors of Law, Economics, and Political Science in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors of Legal History and Federal Jurisdiction, Martin S. Flaherty and John V. Orth, on Reargument in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors of Legal History Barbara Aronstein Black, William R. Casto, Martin S. Flaherty, Robert W. Gordon, Nasser Hussain, Stanley N. Katz, Michael Lobban, John V. Orth, And Anne-Marie Slaughter in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors of Patent Law and Civil Procedure in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors of Preemption Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors Peter S. Menell and David Nimmer in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Professors Peter S. Menell and Jeffrey A. Lefstin in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors Peter S. Menell, J. Jonas Anderson, and Arti K. Rai in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professors Richard Aaron, Jagdeep S. Bhandari, Susan Block-Lieb, Jessica Gabel Cino, Linda E. Coco, Bruce Grosgal, Edward Janger, George W. Kuney, C. Scott Pryor, Theresa J. Pulley Radwan, Michael D. Sousa and Laura M. Spitz in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors Richard Aaron, Jagdeep S. Bhandari, Susan Block-Lieb, John Collen, Jessica Dawn Gabel, Kenneth N. Klee, George W. Kuney, Lois Lupica, Theresa J. Pulley Radwan, Nancy B. Rapoport, Marie T. Reilly, Keith Sharfman, and Robert Zinman in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors Richard Aaron, Jagdeep S. Bhandari, Susan Block-Lieb, Robert D'Agostino, George W. Kuney, Lawrence Ponoroff, and Keith Sharfman in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors Richard Aaron, Laura Bartell, Jagdeep S. Bhandari, Susan Block-Lieb, Robert D'??Agostino, Jackie Gardina, Ingrid Hillinger, George W. Kuney, Lois Lupica, C. Scott Pryor,Keith Sharfman, Michael D. Sousa, and Robert M. Zinman in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Professors Richard Aaron, Laura Beth Bartell, Jagdeep S. Bhandari, Susan Block-Lieb, John Collen, Jessica Dawn Gabel, Jackie Gardina, George W. Kuney, Adam J. Levitin, Angela Littwin, Stephen J. Lubben, Lois R. Lupica, C. Scott Pryor, Theresa J. Pulley Radwan, Nancy B. Rapoport, Marie T. Reilly, Lynne F. Riley, Michael D. Sousa, Ettie Ward, and Robert M. Zinman, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors Richard Aaron, Laura Beth Bartell, Jagdeep S. Bhandari, Susan Block-Lieb, Robert D'Agostino, Jessica Dawn Gabel, Kenneth N. Klee, George W. Kuney, C. Scott Pryor, Nancy B. Rapoport, Marie T. Reilly, Lynne F. Riley, Keith Sharfman, and Michael Sousa in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors Richard L. Engstrom, Theodore S. Arrington, and David T. Canon in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Professors Ronald Keith Gaddie, Charles S. Bullock, III, and Stephen Ansolabehere in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Professors S. Todd Brown, G. Marcus Cole, and Ronald D. Rotunda in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Professors Sarah H. Cleveland and William S. Dodge in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Professors Thomas W. Merrill, Gillian E. Metzger, Abbe R. Gluck, and Nicholas Bagley in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Project 21 in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Project 21 in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Project Fastlane, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Project on Fair Representation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Project on Government Oversight in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Project Petrucci, LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Proove Biosciences, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Psychiatric Service Dog Partners, Inc.; North Star Foundation, Inc.; Tadsaw, Inc.; and K9 Resources LLC in Support of Petitione
 

Brief for Psychiatrists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Citizen in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Citizen in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., AARP, and MFY Legal Services, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., AARP, Center for Science in the Public Interest, Consumer Federation of America, and Consumers Union of the United States, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., and Democracy 21 in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., and Democracy 21 in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., and Public Justice, P.C. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., and Public Justice, P.C., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., Consumers Union, National Consumer Law Center, and the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Citizen, Inc., Legal Aid Society of the District of Columbia, National Association of Consumer Advocates, and National Consumer Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Citizen, the American Civil Liberties Union, the American Civil Liberties Union of Washington, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, the National Security Archive, and OpentheGovernment.org in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Counsel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Public Defender Service for the District of Columbia and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief for Public Defender Service for the District of Columbia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Defender Service for the District of Columbia, Alaska Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Arkansas Public Defender Commission, Alameda Public Defender's Office, County of Sacramento Office of the Public Defender, San Francisco Office of the Public Defender, and 20 other Defender Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Domain Interest in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Health Deans, Chairs, and Faculty and the American Public Health Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Investors Arbitration Bar Association, American Association of Retired Persons and Network for Investor Action and Protection in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Justice P.C., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Justice PC in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Justice, P.C. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Public Justice, P.C. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Justice, P.C. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Justice, P.C. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Justice, P.C. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Justice, P.C., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Justice, P.C., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Public Justice, P.C., the National Association of Consumer Advocates and the National Consumers League in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Justice, P.C., the National Association of Consumer Advocates, the National Consumer Law Center, the Impact Fund, and the Southern Coalition for Social Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Knowledge and the Application Developers Alliance in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Knowledge in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Public Knowledge in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Knowledge in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Knowledge in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Knowledge in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Knowledge, Electronic Frontier Foundation, American Association of Law Libraries, Special Libraries Association, and U.S. Public Interest Research Group in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Knowledge, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, AARP, AARP Foundation, Mozilla, and the R Street Institute In Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Knowledge, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, and Engine Advocacy in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Public Knowledge, the electronic Frontier Foundation, the R Street Institute, the American Antitrust Institute, and IP Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Public Knowledge, the R Street Institute, the American Library Association, the Association of Research Libraries, the Association of College and Research Libraries, and the Center for Democracy and Technology in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Public Law Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Law Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public Patent Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Policy Advocates and Business Leaders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Public Safety Employees in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public School Teachers Brittany Alexander, Tina Andres, Julianna Krueger Dauble, Jamy A. Brice-Hyde, Paul Chonka, Dr. Michael Flanagan, Marla Kilfoyle, Sheri Lederman, Ed.D., Andy Mitchell, Gus Morales, Lee Ann Nolan, Heather Poland, Larry Proffitt, Rebecca Ritchie, Michelle Murphy Ramey and Melissa Tomlinson in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Public School Teachers Who Favor School Choice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Public Service Commission of the State of New York and New York State Energy Research and Development Authority in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Public Utility Law Project of New York, Inc., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Puerto Rico Fiscal Agency and Financial Advisory Authority
 

Brief for Puerto Rico Manufacturers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Qualcomm Incorporated in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Quality Reimbursement Services, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Quanta Computer Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Quicken Loans Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Rails to Trails Conservancy, American Trials, American Hiking Society, American Recreation Coalition and National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States in Suport of Respondent
 

Brief for Ralph Oman as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for Ralph Oman, Former Register of Copyrights of the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Ralph Oman, Former Register of Copyrights of the United States, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Ranbaxy Pharmaceuticals Inc., Teva Pharmaceuticals Usa, Inc., Impax Laboratories, Inc., Amneal Pharmaceuticals, Llc, Aurobindo Pharma USA, Inc., Alkem Laboratories, Ltd., Perrigo Company and Mylan, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Randoplh Wolfson, Marcus Carey, Gregory Wersal, Judges David Certo, John Siefert, Eric Yost, and the James Madison Center for Free Speech in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Real Estate Profesional Trade Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Reason Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Red Hat, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Reformed Prisoners Jesse Wiese, Nicholas Robbins, Thomas C. Cotton III, Ernst Fenelon Jr. & Scott Greenberg in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Religious and Civil Rights Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Religious Institutions in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Religious Organizations and Campus Ministries Including the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A., American Baptist Churches in the U.S.A., the Samuel Dewitt Proctor Conference, the United Church of Christ, the Progressive National Baptist Convention, the American Baptist Home Mission Society, the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church (U.S.A.), and the African American Ministers Leadership Council in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Religious Organizations and Institutions in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Religious Organizations in Support of the Government
 

Brief for Religious Tribunal Experts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Rep. Henry A. Waxman in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Rep. Henry A. Waxman in Support of Respondents Urging Affirmance
 

Brief for Repondents David J. McManus, Jr., et al
 

Brief for Reporter and Advisers to Restatement (Third) of Restitution and Unjust Enrichment, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and Texas Association of Broadcasters in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Representative Fred Upton, Representative Ed Whitfield, and Senator James M. Inhofe in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Representative Henry A. Waxman in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Representative Romano L. Mazzoli, Senator Arlen Specter, and Representative Howard L. Berman in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Representatives Chris Van Hollen and David Price in Support of Appellee
 

Brief for Reps. F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr., John Conyers, Jr., Steve Chabot, Jerrold Nadler, Melvin L. Watt, and Robert C. Scott in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Republic of Ecuador in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Republican Current and Former Members of State Legislature and Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Republican Governors Public Policy Committee in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Republican National Committee in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Republican River Water Conservation District and the Rio Grande Water Conservation District in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Residents and Families of Residents at Homes of the Little Sisters of the Poor
 

Brief for Resolute Forest Products Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Responden Sean Carter
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent
 

Brief for Respondent - Town of Chester v. Laroe Estates
 

Brief for Respondent - Charles R. Kokesh v. Securities and Exchange Commission
 

Brief for Respondent - Erick Daniel Davila v. Lorie Davis, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division
 

Brief for Respondent - Maslenjack v. United States
 

Brief for Respondent - Weaver v. Massachusetts
 

Brief for Respondent Abdullah Al-Kidd
 

Brief for Respondent Abercrombie & Fitch Stores, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Affluere Investments, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Aimee Stephens
 

Brief for Respondent Alabama Department of Revenue and Cynthia Underwood, Assistant Revenue Commissioner
 

Brief for Respondent Alliance for Open Society International
 

Brief for Respondent Amalgamated Bank
 

Brief for Respondent American Academy of Pediatrics
 

Brief for Respondent American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees, Council 31
 

Brief for Respondent Amy
 

Brief for Respondent Andre Ralph Haymond
 

Brief for Respondent Anthony Cooper
 

Brief for Respondent Anthony James Kebodeaux
 

Brief for Respondent Arab Bank, PLC
 

Brief for Respondent Argus Leader Media, d/b/a Argus Leader
 

Brief for Respondent Arrow Financial
 

Brief for Respondent ASARCO, LLC
 

Brief for Respondent AT&T, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Attorney General of California
 

Brief for Respondent Ball State University, et al
 

Brief for Respondent BankChampaign, N.A.
 

Brief for Respondent Bayer Corporation
 

Brief for Respondent Benjamin Carter
 

Brief for Respondent Birth Father
 

Brief for Respondent Blue Hills Bank FKA Hyde Park Savings Bank
 

Brief for Respondent BlueMountain Capital Management, LLC
 

Brief for Respondent Board of Trustees of the National Elevator Industry Health Benefit Plan
 

Brief for Respondent Bruce Chatman, Warden
 

Brief for Respondent Burl Cain
 

Brief for Respondent Burl Cain, Warden
 

Brief for Respondent Carlos Martinez Gutierrez (10-1542)
 

Brief For Respondent Carlton & Harris Chiropractic, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Caroline Behrend, Stanford Glaberson, Joan Evanchuk-Kind, and Eric Brislawn
 

Brief for Respondent Charles Glover
 

Brief for Respondent Charles J. Guarnieri, Jr.
 

Brief for Respondent Charles L. Ryan, Director, Arizona Department of Corrections
 

Brief for Respondent Charles W. Martin
 

Brief for Respondent Cherokee Nation
 

Brief for Respondent Cheryl Perich
 

Brief for Respondent Christopher Batterton
 

Brief for Respondent Christopher Batterton in Opposition
 

Brief for Respondent Cisco Systems, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent City of Indianapolis
 

Brief for Respondent City of Joliet
 

Brief for Respondent City of Los Angeles
 

Brief for Respondent City of Riviera Beach, Florida
 

Brief for Respondent Clayton County, Georgia
 

Brief for Respondent Clayton Harris
 

Brief for Respondent Colorado Civil Rights Commission
 

Brief for Respondent Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
 

Brief for Respondent Comptel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Respondent Connecticut Retirement Plans and Trust Funds
 

Brief for Respondent County of Santa Clara, on Behalf of Itself and All Others Similarly Situated
 

Brief for Respondent Craig Arthur Humphries and Wendy Dawn Aborn Humphries
 

Brief for Respondent Dale Steager, WV State Tax Commissioner
 

Brief for Respondent Damien Antonio Sawyers (10-1543)
 

Brief for Respondent Daniel Lee Ritz, Jr.
 

Brief for Respondent Darius Clark
 

Brief for Respondent David Patchak
 

Brief for Respondent Denise P. Edwards
 

Brief for Respondent Department of the Navy
 

Brief for Respondent Department of the Treasury, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Dominic Oliveira
 

Brief for Respondent Edgar Brown and Pamila Brown, Co-Administrators of the Estate of Julian David Brown, and Karen M. Helms, Administratrix of the Estate of Matthew M. Helms.
 

Brief for Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Respondent Edward Joseph Strieff, Jr.
 

Brief for Respondent Elaine T. Marshall, Executrix of the Estate of E. Pierce Marshall
 

Brief for Respondent Entertainment Merchants Association and Entertainament Software Association
 

Brief for Respondent Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
 

Brief for Respondent Eric H. Holder, Attorney General, Supporting Reversal and Remand
 

Brief for Respondent Eric H. Holder, Jr., Attorney General
 

Brief for Respondent Eric H. Holder, Jr., Attorney General
 

Brief for Respondent Eric H. Holder, Jr., Attorney General
 

Brief for Respondent Eric H. Holder, Jr., Attorney General
 

Brief for Respondent Eric Holder, Jr., Attorney General
 

Brief for Respondent Eric J. Holder, Jr., Solicitor General
 

Brief for Respondent Eric K. Shinseki, Secretary of Veterans
 

Brief for Respondent Eric Russell in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Respondent Erik Brunetti
 

Brief for Respondent Erik Brunetti
 

Brief for Respondent Essex County Correctional Facility and Essex County Sheriffs Department
 

Brief for Respondent Exceptional Child Center, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent First Derivative Traders
 

Brief for Respondent Florida Bar
 

Brief for Respondent Floyd Perkins
 

Brief for Respondent Frank Varela
 

Brief for Respondent Frazier Revitalization Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Respondent Fred W. Phelps, Sr., Shirley L. Phelps-Roper, Rebekah A. Phelps-Davis, and Westboro Baptist Church, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent General Revenue Corporation
 

Brief for Respondent George W. Jackson
 

Brief for Respondent Gilbert P. Hyatt
 

Brief for Respondent Gilbert P. Hyatt
 

Brief for Respondent Gladys Mensing and Julie Demahy
 

Brief for Respondent Glenn Dennard, Luis Moscoso, and Arizona School Choice Trust Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for Respondent Google LLC
 

Brief for Respondent Grant Levi
 

Brief for Respondent Greg Knowles
 

Brief for Respondent Halliburton Co. et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Harvey N. Levin
 

Brief for Respondent Hector Ayala
 

Brief for Respondent Hilda Solis
 

Brief for Respondent Hillary Bouldin
 

Brief for Respondent Hollis Deshaun King
 

Brief for Respondent Home Concrete & Supply, LLC
 

Brief for Respondent i4i Limited Partnership and Infrastructures for Information Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Inclusive Communities Project, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Independent Living Center of Southern California, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Respondent International Brotherhood of Teamsters Local 760 in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Respondent International Finance Corporation
 

Brief for Respondent Islamic Republic of Iran
 

Brief for Respondent James A. McCoy, Individually and on Behalf of Others Similarly Situated
 

Brief for Respondent James Alvin Castleman
 

Brief for Respondent James Siracusano and NECA-IBEW Pension Fund
 

Brief for Respondent James X Bormes
 

Brief for Respondent Janice C. Amara, Gisela R. Broderick, Annette S. Glanz, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated
 

Brief for Respondent Jason Daniel Sims
 

Brief for Respondent Jason Louis Tinklenberg
 

Brief for Respondent Jicarilla Apache Nation
 

Brief for Respondent John Thompson
 

Brief for Respondent John Wiley & Sons
 

Brief for Respondent John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Jon Fisher
 

Brief for Respondent Jose Gomez
 

Brief for Respondent Joseph Matal, Interim Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office, and ComplementSoft, LLC
 

Brief for Respondent Joshua Richter
 

Brief for Respondent Kan Pacific Saipan, Ltd.
 

Brief for Respondent Karen K. Capato, on Behalf of B.N.C., et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Kathleen M. Winn, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Kaye Melin
 

Brief for Respondent Kenneth Clair
 

Brief for Respondent Kevin J. Gross
 

Brief for Respondent Khalil Kholi
 

Brief for Respondent Kim T. Thomas, Commissioner, Alabama Department of Corrections
 

Brief for Respondent Kwai Fun Wong
 

Brief for Respondent Laura Symczyk
 

Brief for Respondent Lawrence Owens
 

Brief for Respondent Lee Boyd Malvo
 

Brief for Respondent Liberty Mutual Insurance Company
 

Brief for Respondent Lois Davis
 

Brief for Respondent Loretta E. Lynch, Attorney General
 

Brief for Respondent Lorie Davis
 

Brief for Respondent Louisiana
 

Brief for Respondent Luisa C. Valladolid
 

Brief for Respondent Lynn Switzer, District Attorney for the 31st Judicial District of Texas
 

Brief for Respondent Lynne Hales Chafin
 

Brief for Respondent Marlene June
 

Brief for Respondent Marvel Enterprises, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Mary K. Viegelahn, Chapter 13 Trustee
 

Brief for Respondent Maryland Court of Appeals, Frank Broccolina, State Court Administrator, and Larry Jones, Contract Administrator
 

Brief for Respondent Match-E-Be-Nash-She-Wish Band of Pottawatomi Indians
 

Brief for Respondent Matthew Jack Dwight Vogt
 

Brief for Respondent Mazda Motor of America, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent MBNA America Bank
 

Brief for Respondent McCarthy & Holthus LLP
 

Brief for Respondent Megan J. Brennan, Postmaster General, in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Respondent Miami
 

Brief for Respondent Miami
 

Brief for Respondent Michael A. Carrigan
 

Brief for Respondent Michael B. Whiting, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Michael Bryant, Jr.
 

Brief for Respondent Michael Loos
 

Brief for Respondent Michael Wright in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Respondent MichaelSpears, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Michelle K. Lee, Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director, Patent and Trademark Office
 

Brief for Respondent Michigan Bell Telephone Company
 

Brief for Respondent Microsoft Corporation
 

Brief for Respondent Minnesota
 

Brief for Respondent Mirowski Family Ventures
 

Brief for Respondent Nancy A. Berryhill, Deputy Commissioner for Operations, Social Security Administration
 

Brief for Respondent Naranjibhai Patel
 

Brief for Respondent New Mexico
 

Brief for Respondent Nike, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Nocholas B. Delia
 

Brief for Respondent Noel Canning
 

Brief for Respondent North American Stainless, LP
 

Brief for Respondent North Carolina
 

Brief for Respondent North Dakota
 

Brief for Respondent Omega, S.A.
 

Brief for Respondent Palestinian Authority, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Pat Quinn
 

Brief for Respondent Patrick Dwayne Murphy
 

Brief for Respondent Phobe Putney Health System, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Proctor Hospital
 

Brief for Respondent Promega Corporation
 

Brief for Respondent Quicken Loans
 

Brief for Respondent R. Scott Appling
 

Brief for Respondent Railroad Friction Products Corporation and Viad Corporation
 

Brief for Respondent Ramah Navajo Chapter, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Randell Fields
 

Brief for Respondent Randy Joseph Moore
 

Brief for Respondent Ray Hobbs, Director, Arkansas Department of Corrections
 

Brief for Respondent Richard Hodges, Director of the Ohio Dept. of Health
 

Brief for Respondent Richard Lee Pollard, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Richard Perry Bryant
 

Brief for Respondent Richard Sharif
 

Brief for Respondent Rick Thaler
 

Brief for Respondent Robert M. Nelson, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Robert McBride
 

Brief for Respondent Robert Nicastro
 

Brief for Respondent Robert Pelkey
 

Brief for Respondent Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Rodriguez
 

Brief for Respondent Royal Dutch Petroleum Co., Shell Transport and Trading Company, PLC, and Shell Development Company of Nigeria, LTD
 

Brief for Respondent Russell P. Bartlett
 

Brief for Respondent Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics, Corp.
 

Brief for Respondent Santa Rosa Memorial Hospital
 

Brief for Respondent Sara Parker Pauley, Director, Missouri Department of Natutural Resources
 

Brief for Respondent Scott Lynn Pinholster
 

Brief for Respondent SEB S.A.
 

Brief for Respondent SEIU Healthcare Illinois and Indiana
 

Brief for Respondent Service Employees International Union
 

Brief for Respondent Smithkiline Beecham Corp., D/B/A Glaxosmithkline
 

Brief for Respondent St. Johns River Water Management District
 

Brief for Respondent Stanmore Cawthon Cooper
 

Brief for Respondent State of Alabama
 

Brief for Respondent State of Arkansas
 

Brief for Respondent State of California
 

Brief for Respondent State of Colorado
 

Brief for Respondent State of Florida
 

Brief for Respondent State of Idaho
 

Brief for Respondent State of Louisiana
 

Brief for Respondent State of Mississippi
 

Brief for Respondent State of Montana
 

Brief for Respondent State of Montana
 

Brief for Respondent State of New Hampshire
 

Brief for Respondent State of Texas, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Steve Beshear, Governor of Kentucky
 

Brief for Respondent Steven Howards
 

Brief for Respondent Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for Respondent Susan Burrow in Support of Reversal in Part and Affirmance in Part
 

Brief for Respondent SW General, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent Sylvia Burwell, Secretary of Health and Human Services
 

Brief for Respondent Tara Sheneva Williams
 

Brief for Respondent Texas
 

Brief for Respondent Texas Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group of the U.S. Houseof Representatives
 

Brief for Respondent The City of Riviera Beach, Florida
 

Brief for Respondent the Town ofGilbert, Arizona
 

Brief for Respondent the United States
 

Brief for Respondent the University of Chicago
 

Brief for Respondent Thomas Robins, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent Tohono O'Odham Nation
 

Brief for Respondent Troy Lambert
 

Brief for Respondent United Parcel Service, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States
 

Brief for Respondent United States Department of Agriculture
 

Brief for Respondent United States Enviromental Protection Agency
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Brief for Respondent University of Texas at Austin
 

Brief for Respondent US Ex Rel. Daniel Kirk
 

Brief for Respondent Vanessa Simmonds
 

Brief for Respondent Vernon F. Minton
 

Brief for Respondent Victor Stitt, II
 

Brief for Respondent Vincent and Liza Concepcion
 

Brief for Respondent Walter J. Himmelreich
 

Brief for Respondent Wanda Greenwood
 

Brief for Respondent Wyeth, Inc. F/K/A Wyeth Laboratories, Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Wyeth Lederle, Wyeth Lederle Vaccines and Lederle Laboratories,
 

Brief for Respondent Wyoming
 

Brief for Respondent Xavier Alvarez
 

Brief for Respondent Xavier Becerra, Attorney General, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent's Fox Television Station, Inc., NBCUniversal Media, LLC, CBS Broadcasting, Inc., and FBC Television Affiliates Association
 

Brief for Respondent, Actavis, inc
 

Brief for Respondent, Aereo, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, Alfred H. Siegel
 

Brief for Respondent, Allcare Health Management System, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, Alonzo Jay King, Jr.
 

Brief for Respondent, Anthony Davila
 

Brief for Respondent, Association of American Railroads
 

Brief for Respondent, AU Optronics Corp., et. al.
 

Brief for Respondent, Barack H. Obama, President of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent, Barbara Brohl
 

Brief for Respondent, Bay Mills Indian Community
 

Brief for Respondent, Billy Ray Vice, Chief of Police for the Town of Vinton, and the Town of Vinton
 

Brief for Respondent, Biosig Instruments, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, Brandon W. Owens
 

Brief for Respondent, Brima Wurie
 

Brief for Respondent, Burt Lancaster
 

Brief for Respondent, Central Pension Fund of the International Operating Engineers and Participating Employers
 

Brief for Respondent, City and County of San Francisco
 

Brief for Respondent, City of Roswell, Georgia
 

Brief for Respondent, CSX Transportation, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, Diana Lucia Montoya Alvarez
 

Brief for Respondent, EEOC
 

Brief for Respondent, Erica P. John Fund, Inc. FKA Archdiocese of Milwaukee Supporting Fund, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, Federal Trade Commission
 

Brief for Respondent, Gary Woods
 

Brief for Respondent, Hana Bank and Hana Financial Group
 

Brief for Respondent, Hargis Industries, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, Hollywood Greyhound Track, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, ICON Health & Fitness, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, J-Crew Management Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, John Dennis Apel
 

Brief for Respondent, John Ivan Sutter
 

Brief for Respondent, John Kerry, Secretary of State
 

Brief for Respondent, Judy A. Maretta
 

Brief for Respondent, Karen L. Bartlett
 

Brief for Respondent, Mortgage Bankers Association, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent, Naiel Nassar, M.D.
 

Brief for Respondent, NML Capital, Ltd.
 

Brief for Respondent, North Carolina
 

Brief for Respondent, Par/Paddock
 

Brief for Respondent, Peter H. Arkison
 

Brief for Respondent, Rabbi S. Binyomin Ginsberg
 

Brief for Respondent, Randy D. Shauers
 

Brief for Respondent, Republic of Argentina
 

Brief for Respondent, Robert J. MacLean
 

Brief for Respondent, Robert Keith Woodall
 

Brief for Respondent, Rosalina Cuellar de Osorio, et al.
 

Brief for Respondent, Samuel Troice
 

Brief for Respondent, Sandoz Inc. v. Amgen Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, Scott D. Cheever
 

Brief for Respondent, Sea Land Services, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondent, State of California
 

Brief for Respondent, State of Florida
 

Brief for Respondent, Static Control Components
 

Brief for Respondent, Steve Franks
 

Brief for Respondent, The Coca-Cola Company
 

Brief for Respondent, The State of Texas
 

Brief for Respondent, Tyler G. McNeely
 

Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Brief for Respondent, United States Steel Corp.
 

Brief for Respondent, Vonlee Nicole Titlow
 

Brief for Respondent, Whitne Rickard
 

Brief for Respondent, William L. Hoeper
 

Brief for Respondent, William Stephens
 

Brief for Respondent-Intervenor, Bobby Lee Harris
 

Brief for Respondent-Intervenors Bobby Pierson, Willie Goldsmith, Sr., Mary Paxton-Lee, Kenneth Dukes, and Alabama State Conference of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
 

Brief for Respondent-Intervenors Earl Cunningham, Harry Jones, Albert Jones, Ernest Montgomery, Anthony Vines, and William Walker
 

Brief for RespondentFauzia Din
 

Brief for RespondentGalin E. Frye
 

Brief for Respondents
 

Brief for Respondents
 

Brief for Respondents
 

Brief for Respondents
 

Brief for Respondents
 

Brief for Respondents
 

Brief for Respondents
 

Brief for Respondents
 

Brief for Respondents - California Public Employees' Retirement System v. ANZ Securities, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Respondents - BNSF Railway Company v. Kelli Tyrrell
 

Brief for Respondents - Bristol-Myers Squibb v. Superior Court of California
 

Brief for Respondents - Henson v. Santander Consumer USA
 

Brief for Respondents - McWilliams Jr. v. Dunn
 

Brief for Respondents ABC Television Affiliates Association
 

Brief for Respondents ABC, Inc., KTRK Television, Inc., and WLS Television
 

Brief for Respondents AFSCME Council 31 and SEIU Local 73
 

Brief for Respondents Allina Health Services, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents American Express Company and American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondents Amy Imburgia, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Augusta Millender
 

Brief for Respondents Bank of America Corporation, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Beaver County Employees Retirement Fund et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Bert Frost, in His Official Capacity as Alaska Regional Director of the National Park Service, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Board of Chosen Freeholders of the County of Burlington, Burlington County Jail, Warden Juel Cole, Individually and in his Official Capacity as Warden of Burlington County Jail, John Doe 105 of Burlington County Jail Individually and Officially
 

Brief for Respondents Board of Governors of Wayne State University and Irvin Reid
 

Brief for Respondents CBS Television Network Affiliates Association and NBC Television Affiliates
 

Brief for Respondents Center for Creative Voices and Future of Music Coalition
 

Brief for Respondents Charles E. Samuels, Jr., et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Charlie Craig and David Mullins
 

Brief for Respondents Chase Cantrell et al.
 

Brief for Respondents City of Paterson, New Jersey, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Coalition for Responsible Regulation, inc., Alpha Natural Resources, inc., Great Northern Project Development, L.P., and National Cattlemen's Beef Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Respondents ConAgra Foods, Inc., and Swift-Eckrich, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondents Connecticut, New York, California, Iowa, Rhode Island, Vermont, and The City of New York
 

Brief for Respondents David B. Caulkett and Edelmiro Toledo-Cardona
 

Brief for Respondents Deborah Peterson, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents DeeDee Halleck, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Doris Albrecht, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents E.M.A, William Earl Armstrong, and Sandra Armstrong
 

Brief for Respondents First Quality Baby Products, LLC, First Quality Hygienic, Inc., First Quality Products, Inc., and First Quality Retail Services, LLC
 

Brief for Respondents Greg Manning, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Hawkes Co., Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Hebei Welcome Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Hector Navarro, Mike Shirinian, Anthony Pinkins, Kevin Malone, and Reuben Castro
 

Brief for Respondents Hobby Lobby, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents in Opposition to United States' Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief for Respondents Inter Tribal Council Of Arizona, Inc., League Of Women Voters Of Arizona, Arizona Advocacy Network, Steve M. Gallardo, League Of United Latin American Citizens Arizona, and Hopi Tribe
 

Brief for Respondents International Municipal Lawyers Association; National Association of Telecommunications Officers and Advisors; National League of Cities; United States Conference of Mayors; National Association of Counties; City of Carlsbad, California; and City of Dubuque, Iowa in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Respondents James P. Paulk, Kenneth B. Hodges, III, and Kelly R. Burke
 

Brief for Respondents James W. Stewart, III, in his official capacity as Commissioner, Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services of the Commonwealth of Virginia, Denise D. Micheletti, in her official capacity as Director, Central Virginia Training Center, and Vicki Y. Montgomery, in her official capacity as Acting Director, Central State Hospital,
 

Brief for Respondents John Hellerstedt, M.D., Commissioner of the Texas Department of State Health Services, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents John Warren, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Kathleen Sebelius, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Kevin Milyard
 

Brief for Respondents Lisa Madigan and Michael Hoffman
 

Brief for Respondents Luis M. Sanchez Valle and Jaime Gomez Vazquez
 

Brief for Respondents McCutchen
 

Brief for Respondents Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Monsanto Company, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Mony Preap, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Myriad Genetics, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondents National Collegiate Athletic Association, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Natural Resources, et al
 

Brief for Respondents on Severability
 

Brief for Respondents Oracle USA Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Pamela Gillie and Hazel Meadows
 

Brief for Respondents Paul Klemm, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Paula Jordan and Rebecca Bright
 

Brief for Respondents Peg Bouaphakeo, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Pulse Electronics, Inc. and Pulse Electronics Corporation
 

Brief for Respondents Ramiro Garcia, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Rene Sanchez-Gomez, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Richard Snyder, Governor of State of Michigan, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Robert Pepper, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Roberta G. DeVries, Individually and as Administratrix of the Estate of John B. DeVries, Deceased, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Roy A. Cooper, III
 

Brief for Respondents Rudolf John Herrmann
 

Brief for Respondents Sarah Greene, personally and as next of friend for S.G., a minor and K.G., a minor
 

Brief for Respondents Shelley Lorenzen, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Stan Hendrickson, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents State of Hawaii, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Sylvia Burwell, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Talen Energy Marketing, LLC (f/k/a PPL EnergyPlus, LLC)
 

Brief for Respondents Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for Respondents The European Community, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents the Regents of the University of California, Janet Napolitano, and the City of San Jose
 

Brief for Respondents the Regents of the University of Michigan, the Board of Trustees of Michigan State University, Mary Sue Coleman, and Lou Anna K. Simon
 

Brief for Respondents the States of New York, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, and the City of New York
 

Brief for Respondents Todd Tollefson, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents United States
 

Brief for Respondents United States of America, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents University of Texas at Austin, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents Varsity Brands
 

Brief for Respondents William Haslam, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents William Schoenke, Heroca Holding, B.V., and Ninella Beheer, B.V.
 

Brief for Respondents Zimmer, Inc. and Zimmer Surgical, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondents' Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action
 

Brief for Respondents, Akamai Technologies, Inc., and MIT
 

Brief for Respondents, Barbara Bauman, et al
 

Brief for Respondents, Brian Wynne
 

Brief for Respondents, California
 

Brief for Respondents, Calpine Corporation and Exelon Corporation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Respondents, CLS Bank International and CLS Services Ltd.
 

Brief for Respondents, Countrywide Home Loans, et. al.
 

Brief for Respondents, Environmental Organizations
 

Brief for Respondents, FMR LLC, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents, Gina Fiore and Keith Gipson
 

Brief for Respondents, Harford Life & Accident Insurance Co. and Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondents, Hawai'i Wildlife Fund, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents, Hobert Freel Tackett
 

Brief for Respondents, Industry and Labor
 

Brief for Respondents, Italian Colors Restaurant, et al
 

Brief for Respondents, Jesse Busk and Laurie Castro
 

Brief for Respondents, John Dudenhoeffer, et al
 

Brief for Respondents, Kristin M. Perry
 

Brief for Respondents, Laborers District Council Construction Industry Pension Fund, Et Al.
 

Brief for Respondents, Martha Coakley, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc., et. al.
 

Brief for Respondents, Michael Clarke, et al
 

Brief for Respondents, Michael Moss, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents, Nathaniel L. Young, Jr., et al.
 

Brief for Respondents, National Association of African American-Owned Media and Entertainment Studios Networks, Inc.
 

Brief for Respondents, Peter Waldburger, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents, Quality Stores, Inc. et al
 

Brief for Respondents, Ray Hobbs, et al.
 

Brief for Respondents, Sandoz Inc., Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., Mylan Inc., and Natco Pharma Ltd.
 

Brief for Respondents, State and Local
 

Brief for Respondents, Susan Galloway and Linda Stephens
 

Brief for Respondents, United States
 

Brief for Respondents, William J. Rameker, et al.
 

Brief for RespondentsElizabeth S. Jacobs, Nick Wagner, and Sheila K. Tipton
 

Brief for RespondentsNovo Nordisk A/SandNovo Nordisk Inc.
 

Brief for Restitution and Remedies Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Resurgent Capital Services, L.P. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Retail Litigation Center, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Retail Litigation Center, Inc., Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, and American Trucking Associations, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Retail Litigation Center, Inc., National Association of Chain Drug Stores, American Free Trade Association, International Imaging Technology Council, and Quality King Distributors, Inc., in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for Retail Litigation Center, Retail Council Of New York State, Florida Retail Federation, And Food Marketing Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Retailers in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Retired Article III Judges in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Retired Federal Judges in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Retired Federal Judges in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Retired Federal Judges in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Retired United States District Judges in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Reunite International Child Abduction Centre in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Rev. Dr. Robert E. Palmer in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Rhode Island Office of the Child Advocate in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Rhode Island, Arkansas, Georgia, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Utah, and Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Richard D. Friedman and Stephen J. Ceci in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Richard D. Friedman in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Richard D. Friedman in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Richard D. Friedman in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Richard D. Kahlenberg in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Richard Lampert in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Richard Sander and Stuart Taylor Jr., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Richard Sander in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Richard Sander in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Richrelevance, Inc., Coupa Software, Inc., and Trulia, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Right to Life Advocates, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Rimni Street Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Robert Mankes in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Robert P. George, Sherif Girgis, and Ryan T. Anderson in Support of Hollingsworth and Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Addressing the Merits and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Robert Snellings and Ulysses Grant Early, IV in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Robert Wayland, Michael Cook, Chuck Findley, Mike Gearheard, Rebecca Hanmer, James Hanlon, Fred Hansen, Ephraim King, Martha Kirkpatrick, Ron Kreizenbeck, Bill Matuszeski, Philip Millam, Martha Prothro, Randy Smith, and Charles Sutfin as Former Senior State and Federal Environmental Agency Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Robert Wilson, Kelly Dickinson, Jim Roos, Kim Houghton, Bill Main, Tonia Edwards, Candance Kagan, Mary Lacoste, Joycelyn Cole, and Annette Watt in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Roberta J. Morris, ESQ., Ph.D. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Ventana Medical Systems, Inc., Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., and Abbott Laboratories in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Ronald E. Mallen in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Ronald M. Benrey in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Ruben Hinojosa, Member of Congress; Robert C. "Bobby" Scott, Member of Congress; and 83 Other Members of Congress in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Saint Elizabeth Medical Center, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Samuel S. Wang, PH.D. in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for San Francisco Unified School District, Los Angeles Unified School District, City and County of San Francisco, City of Oakland, City of Berkeley, and County of Alameda in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for San Francisco; Atlanta; Baltimore; Boston; Birmingham, Alabama; Carboro; Chapel Hill; Columbia, South Carolina; Dubuque; Durham; Flint Los Angeles; Memphis; Miami Gardens; New Haven; New York; Oakland; Philadelphia; Seattle; and Toledo and King County, Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for SAP America, Inc. Acushnet Company, Facebook, Inc., General Motors, LLC, Pregis Corporation, Symantec Corporation, Terex Corporation, and Yahoo! Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for SAP America, Inc., in Support of Affirming the Federal Circuit's Opinion
 

Brief for Saurabh Vishnubhakat in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Save Jobs USA and the Washington Alliance of Technology Workers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Scholars and Historians of Congressional Redistricting in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Scholars and Practitioners of Legal and Judicial Ethics and Legal Ethics Centers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Scholars of American Indian Law on Tribal Sovereign Immunity in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Scholars of Behavioral Economics in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Scholars of Criminal Law, Federal Courts and Sentencing in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Scholars of Federal Courts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Scholars of First Amendment Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Scholars of History and Related Disciplines in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Scholars of Nineteenth-Century American Legal History in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Scholars of Public Choice Economics in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Scholars of Religious Liberty Sarah Barringer Gordon, R. Kent Greenawalt, Martin S. Lederman, Ira C. Lupu, and Robert W. Tuttle in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Scholars of the Constitutional Rights of Children in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Scholars of the Constitutional Rights of Children in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Scholars on Statelessness in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Scholars on Statelessness in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for School Districts in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Scientists and Economists in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Scotiabank de Puerto Rico, as Agent for Local Bank Lenders to PREPA, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Scott and Audrey Blum in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Scott C. Black, Lt. Gen. US Army (Ret.), John D. Altenburg, Maj. Gen., US Army (Ret.), James J. Carey, Rear Adm., USN (Ret.), Steven B. Kantrowitz, Rear Adm., USN (Ret.), Michael Nardotti, Maj. Gen., U.S. Army (Ret.), Thomas L. Hemingway, Brig. Gen., USAF (Ret.), Washington Legal Foundation, National Defense Committee, and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Screen Actors Guild-American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, Directors Guild of America, Inc., Writers Guild of America, West, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Secretariat of the Joint United Nations Programme on Hiv/Aids (Unaids Secretariat) in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Section 5 Litigation Intervenors
 

Brief for Secure States Initiative in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Securities Law Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Seminole Tribe of Florida in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Seminole Tribe of Florida, Et Al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Senate Majority Leader Harry M. Reid in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi and Congressional Leaders and Heads of Committees of Relevant Jurisdictions in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell and 42 Other Members of the United States Senate in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Senate Parliamentary Experts Robert B. Dove and Martin B. Gold in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Senate Republican Leader Mitch Mcconnell and 44 Other Members of the United States Senate in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Senator C. Bradley Hutto, Senator Gerald Malloy, Senator John L. Scott, Jr., Representative Gilda Cobb-Hunter, and the League of Women Voters of South Carolina in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Senator Mitch McConnell and Other Members of the United States Congress in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Senator Mitch Mcconnell in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Senator Tom Harkin and Representative Henry A. Waxman in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Senator Tom Harkin, Representative George Miller, and Additional Members of Congress in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Senators Harry Reid and Mitch McConnell and 40 Other Members of the U.S. Senate in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Senators John Cornyn, Ted Cruz, Orrin Hatch, Mike Lee, Rob Portman, and Marco Rubio; and Representatives Marsha Blackburn, Dave Camp, Randy Hultgren, Darrell Issa, Pete Olson, Joe Pitts, Peter J. Roskam, Paul Ryan, and Fred Upton in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Senators John McCain and Thom Tillis Urging Affirmance
 

Brief for Service Employees International Union and Change to Win Addressing the Minimum Coverage Provision Issue and Supporting Petitioners and Reversal
 

Brief for Service Employees International Union, United Food and Commercial Workers International Union, the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, United Farm Workers of America, and Change to Win in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Service Women's Action Network and Retired or Former Military Officers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Services and Advocacy for Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Elders (Sage), the National Senior Citizens Law Center, the American Society on Aging, the National Hispanic Council on Aging, the Southeast Asia Resource Action Center, and the National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Services and Advocacy for Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Elders; American Society on Aging; Justice in Aging; National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare; and National Hispanic Council on Aging in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Seven Prayer-Givers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Seven Retired Naval Officers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for SHFL Entertainment, Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Shire PLC in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Sigram Schindler Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Sigram Schindler Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbh, in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Sigram Schindler Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh, in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Sister Bernie Galvin, et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Six Educational Nonprofit Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Sixteen Intellectual Property Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Sixteen Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Small and Independent Broadcasters in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Small Business Majority Foundation, INC and the Main Street Alliance in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Issue
 

Brief for Small Business Majority Foundation, Inc. and Peers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Small Inventors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Social and Organizational Psychologists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Social Science Professors in Support of Hollingsworth and Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Addressing the Merits and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Social Science Researchers as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Social Scientists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Social Scientists, Medical Scientists, and Media Effect Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Sociologists, Social Psychologists, and Legal Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Software & Information Industry (SIIA) in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Software Freedom Law Center, Free Software Foundation, and Open Source Initiative in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for South Carolina and 20 Other States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for South Carolina State Ports Authority in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for South Coast Air Quality Management District and Emmett Center on Climate Change and the Environment in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Southeastern Legal Foundation and the Center for Equal Opportunity in Support of Appellant
 

Brief for Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support ofPetitioner
 

Brief for Southeastern Legal Foundation, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Cato Institute, and Goldwater Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Southwest Consulting Associates, lp in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Southwestern Law Student Anna Aran, and Professors Norman M. Garland and Michael M. Epstein, in Association with the Amicus Project at Southwestern Law School, in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for Southwestern Law Student Bernadette M. Bolan and Professors Norman M. Garland and Michael M. Epstein, in Association with the Amicus Project at Southwestern Law School in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Southwestern Law Student Tracy E. Labrusciano, and Professors Norman M. Garland and Michael M. Epstein, in Association with the Amicus Project at Southwestern Law School in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Southwestern Law Students Orly Ravid and Andrew Pruitt and Professors Robert C. Lind and Michael M. Epstein in Association with the Amicus Project at the Southwestern Law School in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for SPCM S.A. and High Tech Inventors Alliance as Amici Curiae
 

Brief for Sprint Nextel Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for SRM Global Master Fund Limited Partnership in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for State & Local Government Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for State and Local Chambers of Commerce in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for State and Local Elected Officials in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for State and Local Government Associations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for State and Local Government Respondents
 

Brief for State and Local Law Enforcement Officials in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for State Legislators for Legal Immigration and Individual State Legislators in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for State Legislators from All Fifty States, The District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico Supporting Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for State of Illinois and 45 Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for State of Illinois, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for State of Kansas and 47 Other States and the District of Columbia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for State of Michigan and 11 Other States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for State of Michigan and 20 Other States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for State of Michigan and 21 Other States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for State of Michigan and Eleven Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for State of Michigan and Fifteen Other States in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for State Of Michigan, Twenty Three (23) Other States, and one (1) Territory for Respondent
 

Brief for State of New Hampshire as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for State of New York, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for State of South Carolina in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for State of West Virginia and 22 Other States in Support Of Petitioner
 

Brief for State of West Virginia and 38 Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for State of West Virginia and 8 Other States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for State of West Virginia and Nine Other States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for State of West Virginia, 25 Other States, and Guam in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for State Petitioners on Severability
 

Brief for State Respondents
 

Brief for State Respondents on the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for State Senator Russell Pearce in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for State Senator Russell Pearce in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for State Senator Russell Pearce in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for States of Alaska, Hawaii, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, Oregon, and Tennessee in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for States of Illinois, Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Hawai'i, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for States of Indiana, Ohio, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for States of Maryland, Utah, Vermont, Hawaii, Nevada, Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Mississippi, Arizona, Oklahoma, Maine, New Mexico, Louisiana, Alaska, Massachusetts, Wyoming, Wisconsin, South Dakota, Texas, Minnesota, Washington, Idaho, Virginia, Colorado, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Ohio Connecticut, Kansas, Nebraska, Montana, Indiana, South Carolina, New Hampshire, and Florida in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for States of Minnesota, Louisiana, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for States of New York, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawai'i, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Oregon, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington, and the District of Columbia, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for States of Oklahoma, Alabama, Nebraska, South Carolina, and West Virginia in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for States of West Virginia, Ohio, and 21 Other States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Statistics Experts Professors Dierdre M. McCloskey and Stephen T. Ziliak in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Stephanie Ambrose Tubbs in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Steve Bullock, Governor of Montana, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Steven J. Burton, Professor of Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Steven J. Koprince in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Steven J. Thorogood and Martin Murray in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Stop Child Predators and Shared Hope International in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Structured Finance Industry Group, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Student Press Law Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Students from the New York University School of Law Seminar on Critical Narratives in Civil Rights in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Students from the New York University School of Law Seminar on Critical Narratives in Civil Rights in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Sun-Maid Growers of California in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Survivors of Sexual Orientation Change Therapies in Support of Petitioner United States of America and Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for Survivors of Sexual Orientation Change Therapies in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Susana Martinez, Governor of New Mexico, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Susana Martinez, Governor of the State of New Mexico, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Synerx Pharma, LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for T-Mobile USA, Inc. and the Competitive Carriers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Tanana Chiefs Conference, Bristol Bay Native Association, Association of Village Council Presidents, Central Council of Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska, Aleutian Pribilof Islands Association, Native Village of Barrow, and the Orutsaramiut Native Council in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Tanenbaum Center for Interreligious Understanding as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Target Discovery, Inc. in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for Tax Executives Institute, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Tax Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Tax Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Tax Professor Carlton M. Smith in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Taxpayers Against Fraud Education Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Taxpayers Against Fraud Education Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Taxpayers Against Fraud Education Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for TDE Petroleum Data Solutions, Inc. As Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Tea Party Leadership Fund, National Defense Pac, Combat Veterans for Congress Pac, Conservative Melting Pot Pac, and Freedom's Defense Fund Pac in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Teach for America, Metropolitan Council for Educational Opportunity Inc., the Calhoun School, City and Country School and K-12 Educators Eve Kleger, Michele Sola, Jane Moulding, Patricia Hayot, Erica Corbin, Diana Schlesinger, Cara Surico, Scott Reisinger, Namita Tolia, Arvind Grover, Sam Chaltain, Morika Tsujimura, and Jennifer Chen in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for TechFreedom in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Technology Companies as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Technology Companies as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Ten Intellectual Property Law Professors in Support of Petitioner on the Issue of Extraterritoriality
 

Brief for Ten Pennsylvania Abortion Care Providers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Tennessee State Legislators and the Judicial Education Project in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for Tessera Technologies, Inc. in Support of Neither Party Suggesting Vacatur and Remand on Subject-Matter Jurisdictional Grounds
 

Brief for Tessera, Inc., Luminex Corporation, and the National Small Business Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Testifying Economists in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. in Support of Vacation
 

Brief for Texas Apartment Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Texas Black Americans for Life and the Life Education and Resource Network (LEARN) in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Texas in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Texas in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Texas in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Texas in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Texas Oil and Gas Association, Texas Association of Business, and Texas Association of Manufacturers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Texas Public Policy Foundation and Cato Institute Supporting Petitioners on Severability
 

Brief for Texas Public Policy Foundation, Freedomworks, Cause Of Action Institute, And American Legislative Exchange Council in Support of Petitioners And Urging Reversal
 

Brief for Texas Senators in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Texas v. United States Defendant-Intervenors DACA Recipients and State of New Jersey in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Texas, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Indiana, Kansas, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Wisconsin and Wyoming in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Texas, Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Utah, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Texas, Alabama, Alaska, Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, and Michigan in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, and Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Texas, Alabama, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Michigan, Nebraska, New Mexico, Ohio and South Carolina in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Texas, Arizona, and North Dakota in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Texas, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Louisiana, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Texas, Delaware, Florida, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Montana, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Texas, et al. as Amici Curiae
 

Brief for the AARP, Families USA, and U.S. Public Interest Research Group in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Academy of Rail Labor Attorneys in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Academy of Rail Labor Attorneys in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Advanced Medical Technology Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the African Union, Food and Agriculture Organization, and Great Lakes Fishery Commission , et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Alabama Education Association, School Superintendents of Alabama, Council for Leaders in Alabama Schools, the Alabama Association of School Boards, Alabama State University, Auburn University, the Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama, Jacksonville State University, Troy University, the University of Montevallo, University of North Alabama, and University of South Alabama in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Alaska Federation of Natives, Alaska Native Voters and Tribes in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Alliance Defense Fund and the CATO Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, Inc. and the Association of Global Automakers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, the Association of International Automobile Manufacturers, Inc., and the National Automobile Dealers Association Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Alliance: State Advocates for Women...s Rights and Gender Equality in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Academy of Adoption Attorneys in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Academy of Appellate Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers and its Michigan, Ohio, and Kentucky Chapter in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, the Northern California Chapter of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, and the Association of Certified Family Law Specialists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Academy of Pediatrics and 21 Other Physician and Public Health Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Family Physicians, Children...s Health Fund, Children...s Hospital Association, First Focus, March of Dimes, National Physicians Alliance, and Individuals with Pre-Existing Medical Conditions in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute and the American Independent Business Alliance in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Antitrust Institute, National Farmers Union, Food & Water Watch, Organization for Competitive Markets, and National Family Farm Coalition in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Arbitration Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice and Kentucky Justice Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice and Public Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice and the North Carolina Advocates for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice In Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice, Public Justice and Public Citizen in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association for Justice, Public Justice, P.C., and AARP in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association for Justicein Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association for Pro-Life Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American College of Pediatricians, Christian Medical & Dental Association, Catholic Medical Association and Physicians for Life in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association of Christian Schools in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association of Christian Schools in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association of Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, American Nurses Association, American Association of Nurse Practitioners, American College of Nurse Midwives, National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists, and the Citizen Advocacy Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The American Association of People with Disabilities and Twelve Other Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association of People With Disabilities, The Arc of the United States, Breast Cancer Action, Families USA, Friends of Cancer Research, March of Dimes Foundation, National Breast Cancer Coalition, National Coalition for Cancer Survivorship, National Health Law Program, National Organization for Rare Diseases, National Senior Citizens Law Center, National Women's Health Network, The Ovarian Cancer National Alliance and Voices for America's Children in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for the American Association of People with Disabilities, the Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund, the Judge David L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, the National Council on Aging, and Other Disability and Senior Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Association of Swine Veterinarians, the National Pork Producer'sCouncil, and the National Farmers Union in Support of Petitioner and for the Reveral of the Ninth Circuit's Judgement
 

Brief for the American Association of University Professors, IEEE-USA, and IP Advocate in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, and the Arc of the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, the ARC of the United States, the National Disability Rights Network, Disability Rights Florida and the Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law in Support of Petitoner
 

Brief for the American Astronomical Society in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Bankers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bankers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Bankers Association, American Financial Services Association, Consumer Bankers Association, Consumer Mortgage Coalition, Independent Community Bankers of America, and Mortgage Bankers Association, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Bankers Association, American Financial Services Association, Consumer Bankers Association, Consumer Mortgage Coalition, The Housing Policy Council of the Financial Services Roundtable, Independent Community Bankers of America, and Mortgage Bankers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Bankers Association, the Consumer Bankers Association, the Mortgage Bankers Association, the Clearing House, and the Financial Services Roundtable
 

Brief for the American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Favor of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Appellees and Correctional Officer Intervenors
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for the American Benefits Council in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Benefits Council, Americans Health Insurance Plans, the ERISA Industry Committee, the HR Policy Association, the National Business Group on Health, and the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Board of Criminal Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Booksellers Foundation For Free Expression, Association of American Publishers, Freedom to Read Foundation, the National Association of Recording Merchandisers, Recording Industry Association of America, Amusement & Music Operators Association, the Association of National Advertisers, Pen Center USA, and the Recording Academy in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Cancer Society, American Cancer Society Action Network, American Diabetes Association, American Heart Association, and National Multiple Sclerosis Society in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Cancer Society, the American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network, American Diabetes Association, and the American Heart Association Supporting PetitionersUrging Reversal of the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for the American Center for Law & Justice and the Committee to Defend the Separation of Powers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice and the Intervarsity Christian Fellowship/ USA in Support of Petitionerand Urging Reversal
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice, 117 Members of the United States Congress, and More Than 103,000 Supporters of the ACLJ in Support of Petitioners and Urging Reversal on Severability Issue
 

Brief for the American Center for Law and Justice, Family Research Council, the Texas Conservative Coalition, and the Houston Coalition in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Center for School Choice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Chemistry Council in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Chemistry Council, American Coatings Association, National Association of Manufacturers, Property Casualty Insurers Association of America, and Public Nuisance Fairness Coalition in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Chemistry Council, the American Coatings Association, the American Petroleum Institute, the National Association of Manufacturers, and the Precision Machined Products Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and a Better Balance, et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and National Women's Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and New York Civil Liberties Union in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Colorado in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Massachusetts, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Mississippi in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Pennsylvania in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Pennsylvania in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of San Diego and Imperial Counties in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of South Carolina, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Southern California in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Southern California, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Texas in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Texas in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Texas in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of the Nation's Capital in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the American Civil Liberties Union Foundation of Massachusetts in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the American Civil Liberties Union of Ohio in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union and the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union on Reargument in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for The American Civil Liberties Union, American Immigration Council, National Immigration Project Of The National Lawyers Guild, National Police Accountability Project, And Northwest Immigrant Rights Project in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, Human Rights Watch, The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, and Penal Reform International/The Americans in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund, National Immigration Law Center, ACLU of Arizona, Asian American Justice Center, Asian Pacific American Legal Center, National Day Labor Organizing Network, and Friendly House V. Whiting Plaintiffs in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the Abrams Institute for Freedom of Expression, the Cato Institute, the Center for Democracy & Technology, and the National Coalition Against Censorship, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the ACLU of Florida, and the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the ACLU Of Illinois, the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the Sentencing Project, Families Against Mandatory Minimums, the Open Society Institute, the Drug Policy Alliance, and Stopthedrugwar.org in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the ACLU of North Carolina, and the ACLU of Texas in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the American Civil Liberties Union of Louisiana, and the Southern Poverty Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, the American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California, and the American Civil Liberties Union of San Diego and Imperial Counties in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the American Diabetes Association, the Epilepsy Foundation, Mental Health America, the National Disability Rights Network, and the ARC in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the CATOInstitute, and the New York Civil Liberties Unionin Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund Inc., the National Coalition on Black Civic Participation and the National Urban League, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the Legal Aid Society of New York, and the Washington Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, the Mexican American Legal Defense & Educational Fund, and the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., and the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the National Coalition Against Censorship, and the National Youth Rights Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the National Consumer Law Center, and Legal Momentum, et al., in Support ofRespondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the New York Civil Liberties Union, the Anti-Defamation League, and Interfaith Alliance Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the New York Civil Liberties Union, the National Immigration Law Center, and the National Women's Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union; ACLU of Texas; Uptown People's Law Center; Washington Lawyer'??s Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs; Americans United for Separation of Church and State; American Jewish Committee; Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty; and the Interfaith Alliance Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Liberty Union, the ACLU of Alabama, and the ACLU of Wisconsin, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union and 12 Civil Rights Lawyers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union and Association for Government Accountability as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union and the American Civil Rights Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union in Support of Hollingsworth and Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Addressing the Merits and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union in Support of Petitioners on the Severability Issue
 

Brief for the American Civil Rights Union in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for the American College of Bankruptcy in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American College of Bankruptcy in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the American Electric Power Company, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Escrow Association, American Land Title Association, Leading Real Estate Companies of the World, The Realty Alliance and Real Estate Services Providers Council, Inc. (Respro) in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Family Rights Association, Oregon Family Rights, the Family Advocacy Movement, the Family Legal Project of Nebraska, Inc., the Home School Legal Defense Association, the Georgia Office of Family Representation, the U.D.C. David A. Clarke School of Law Legal Clinic, and the Legal Assistance Foundation of Metropolitan Chicago in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Farm Bureau Federation and National Mining Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Farm Bureau Federation, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Association of Home Builders, NFIB Small Business Legal Center, National Mining Association, and Retail Litigation Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Farm Bureau Federation, National Council of Farmer Cooperatives, National Cattlemen's Beef Association, and Public Lands Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Farm Bureau Federation, the National Pork Producers Council, and the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations and the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations and the Service Employees International Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations and the United Food and Commercial Workers International Union in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support fo Respondents
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations om Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, Change to Win, and the National Education Association in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, Service Employees International Union and National Education Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organization in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Financial Services Association, the Consumer Mortgage Coalition, the Independent Community Bankers of America, and the Mortgage Bankers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Forest Resource Council, Public Lands Council, National Cattlemen's Beef Association, Montana Wood Products Association Inc., Arkansas Forestry Association, Federal Forest Resource Coalition Inc., Minnesota Forest Industries, Inc., and Intermountain Forest Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Gaming Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Health Care Association and the Kentucky Association of Health Care Facilities in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Health Care Association and the National Center for Assisted Living in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Health Care Association, American Hospital Association, Association Of American Medical Colleges, Catholic Health Association of the United States, the Federation of American Hospitals, National Association of Children's Hospitals, National Association of Community Health Centers, theNational Association of Public Hospitals and Health Systems, National Council for Community Behavioral Healthcare, and Safety Net Hospitals for Pharmaceutical Access in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Hospital Association and Association of American Medical Colleges in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for The American Hospital Association and Georgia Hospital Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Hospital Association and the Federation of American Hospitals in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Hospital Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Hospital Association, Association of American Medical Colleges, and Healthcare Financial Management Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Hospital Association, et al in Support of Petitioner with Respect to the Individual Mandate
 

Brief for the American Hospital Association, Federation of American Hospitals, and Association of American Medical Colleges in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Hospital Association, Federation of American Hospitals, Association of American Medical Colleges, and America...s Essential Hospitals in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Humanist Association and American Atheists, Inc., American Ethical Union, Atheist of , Military Association of Atheists and Freethinkers, Secular Student, and Society for Humanistic Judaismin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Humanist Association and American Atheists, Inc., American Ethical Union, the Center for Inquiry, Military Association of Atheists and Freethinkers, Secular Coalition for America, Secular Student Alliance, and Society for Humanistic Judaism in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Humanist Association and American Atheists, Inc., American Ethical Union, the Center for Inquiry, Military Association of Atheists and Freethinkers, Secular Coalition for America, Secular Student Alliance, and Society for Humanistic Judaism, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Humanist Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Humanist Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Humanist Association, American Ethical Union, Atheist Alliance International, the Center for Inquiry, Council for Secular Humanism, Freedom from Religion Foundation, the Institute for Humanist Studies, Secular Coalition for America, Secular Student Alliance, Society for Humanistic Judaism and the Unitarian Universalist Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Immigration Lawyers Association, Immigrant Defense Project, National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild, and Individuals with Pending Immigration Appeals Raising the Question Presented, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Independent Business Alliance in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Insurance Association in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for The American Insurance Association, Axis Insurance Company, Continental Casualty Company, and HCC Global Financial Products Supporting Affirmance
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner for Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property law Association in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Affirmance but in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Investment Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Jewish Committee and the Union for Reform Judiasm in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Jewish Committee in Support of the Individual Respondents on the Merits
 

Brief for the American Jewish Committee, Union for Reform Judaism, Central Conference of American Rabbis, and Women of Reform Judaism in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Land Title Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Legion in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Legion in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Legion in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Legion in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Legislative Exchange Council in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Library Association and the Internet Archive in Support of Riley and Wurie
 

Brief for the American Library Association, the Association of College and Research Libraries, and the Association of Research Libraries in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Medical Association and the Medical Society of New Jersey n Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Medical Association and Vermont Medical Society in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Medical Association andtheMedical Association ofGeorgiain Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Medical Association, American Dental Association, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Emergency Physicians, and California Medical Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Medical Association, National Association of Chain Drug Stores, National Association of Manufacturers, American Tort Reform Association and NFIB Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Medical Association, Texas Medical Association, Texas Medical Liability Trust, Texas Alliance for Patient Access, North Carolina Medical Society, California Medical Association, Louisiana Medical Mutual Insurance Company, and Louisiana State Medical Society in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Network of Community Options and Resources, the American Health Center Association/ National Center for Assisted Living, the National Community Pharmacists Association, the American Pharmacists Association, and America's Essential Hospitals in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Petroleum Institute, American Road & Transportation Builders Association, Building Owners and Managers Association International, Croplife America, the Fertilizer Institute, Foundation for Environmental and Economic Progress, the International Council of Shopping Centers, theNational Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, National Association of Realtors, the National Mining Association, the National Multi Housing Council, and the Utility Water Act Group in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Petroleum Institute, the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the National Foreign Trade Council, the Organization for International Investment, the United States Council for International Business and USA*Engage in support of Neither party
 

Brief for the American Planning Association, the City of New York, and the National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children, et al.
 

Brief for the American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, Delaware, Illinois, New Mexico, Ohio, and Vermont Psychological Association, National Council on Disability, National Alliance on Mental Illness, and Judge David L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Psychiatric Association, California Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, California Psychological Association, American Academy of Psychiatry And The Law, Judge David L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, Forensic Mental Health Association of California, National Alliance On Mental Illness, and NAMI-California in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the American Psychological Association and American Psychiatric Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Psychological Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Psychological Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Psychological Association, American Psychiatric Association, American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, Florida Psychological Association, National Association of Social Workers, and National Association of Social Workers Florida Chapter in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for The American Psychological Association, American Psychiatric Association, and National Association of Social Workers in Support Of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Psychological Association, Kentucky Psychological Association, Ohio Psychological Association, American Psychiatric Association, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, Michigan Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, National Association of Social Workers, National Association of Social Workers Tennessee Chapter, National Association of Social Workers Michigan Chapter, National Association of Social Workers Kentucky Chapter, National Association of Social Workers Ohio Chapter, American Psychoanalytic Association, American Academy of Family Physicians, and American Medical Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Psychological Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Medical Association, the American Psychiatric Association, the American Psychoanalytic Association, the California Medical Association, the National Association of Social Workers And its New York City and State Chapters, And the New York State Psychological Association in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for the American Psychological Association, the American Medical Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the California Medical Association, the American Psychiatric Association, the American Psychoanalytic Association, the American Association for Marriage And Family Therapy, the National Association of Social Workers and its California Chapter, and the California Psychological Association in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the American Psychology Association, American Psychiatric Association; American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, National Association of Social Workers, and National Association of Social Workers Texas Chapter in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Public Health Association, American Nurses Association, American Association of Public Health Physicians, Academy of Correctional Health Professionals, and the Society of Correctional Physicians in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the American Red Cross Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Road and Transportation Builders Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the American Seed Trade Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Society of Association Executives and the American Veterinary Medical Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI), The National Music Publishers' Association (NMPA), The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), Sesac, Inc., The Recording Academy, The Songwriters Guild of America, Inc. (SGA), The Church Music Publishers Association (CMPA), The Nashville Songwriters Association, International (NSAI), and Soundexchange, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers; the American Society of Media Photographers; the Association of American Publishers; Broadcast Music, Inc.; Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company; The National Music Publishers' Association; the Recording Industry Association of America; Reed Elsevier; and the Software and Information Industry Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Sociological Association and the Law and Society Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Thoracic Society in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the American Train Dispatchers Association, Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen, Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employees Division, the Brotherhood of Railroad Signalmen, the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers & Blacksmiths, the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, the National Conference of Firemen & Oilers District of Local 32 BJ, SEIU, the Sheet Metal Workers International Association, Transport Workers Union of America, the Transportation Communications International Union and the United Transportation Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American Unity Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the American Unity Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Unity Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American Wind Energy Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee Et Al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Amicus Curiae Court Appointed to Defend the Judgment
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League, Association of Proud American Citizens Born In Jerusalem, Israel, American Israel Public Affairs Committee, B'nai B'rith International, Hadassah, Jewish Council for Public Affairs, National Council of Jewish Women, National Council of Young Israel, Rabbinical Assembly, Union for Reform Judaism, Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, and the Women's League for Conservative Judiasm in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League, et al in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Anti-defamation League, et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Anti-Defamation League, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Muslim Advocates, the Queens Federation of Churches, and the Sikh American Legal Defense and Education Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Appellee, FEC
 

Brief for the Apple Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Arizona Legislature in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Arizona Voice for Crime Victims in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Arkansas State Chamber of Commerce in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Arkansas Trial Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Artic Slope Native Association, LTD in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Asian American Hotel Owners Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Asian American Justice Center, the Anti-Defamation League, the Asian American Institute, Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, Asian Law Caucus, Asian Pacific American Legal Center of Southern California, Latinojustice PRLDEF, Lawyers'?? Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the League of United Latin American Citizens, Legal Aid Society '?? Employment Law Center, Los Abogados Hispanic Bar Association, National Council of La Raza, National Day Laborer Organizing Network, National Employment Law Project, Southern Poverty Law Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Asian American Justice Center; Asian Law Caucus; Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance; Asian Pacific American Legal Center; Catholic Legal Immigration Network, Inc.; Defending Dissent Foundation; the Muslim Legal Fund of America; the National Council of La Raza; North American South Asian Bar Association; South Asian Americans Leading Together; and the Southeast Asia Resource Action Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund in Support of the Respondents
 

Brief for the Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, Asian/Asian American Faculty and Staff Association of the University of Texas at Austin, Asian Desi Pacific Islander American Collective of the University of Texas at Austin, Other Asian American and Pacific Islander Education and Youth-Serving Organizations, and Higher Education Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Asian American Legal Foundation and the Asian American Coalition for Education (Representing 117 Affiliated Asian American Organizations) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Asian American Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Asian and Pacific Islander American Health Forum, Asian Americans Advancing Justice, AAJC, Asian Americans Advancing Justice, Los Angeles, Association of Asian Pacific Community Health Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the ASPCA in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Association for Competitive Technology in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Association of American Law Schools in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Association of American Medical Colleges and Others as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for the Association of American Medical Colleges et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Association of American Medical Colleges, the American Council on Education, the Association of American Universities, Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities, American Osteopathic Association, and the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Association of American Physicians & Surgeons, American Association of Pro-Life Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Christian Medical Association, Catholic Medical Association, Physicians for Life, National Association of Pro-Life Nurses, National Association of Catholic Nurses-U.S.A., and the National Catholic Bioethics Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Association of American Physicians & Surgeons, Janis Chester, M.D., and Graham L. Spruiell, M.D., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Association of American Physicians and Surgeons in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, Inc. and the Vermonters for Health Care Freedom in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Association of American Publishers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Association of American Publishers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Association of American Railroads in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of American Railroads in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of American Railroads in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of American Railroads in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Association of Christian Schools International and Lutheran Church -- Missouri Synod in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of Clinical Research Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Association of Federal Health Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Association of Financial Guaranty Insurers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Association of Florida Community Developers, the Florida Land Council, the Florida Farm Bureau, and the Florida Fruit and Vegetable Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of Global Automakers, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of Global Automakers, Inc., and the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of Global Automakers, the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, and the National Automobile Dealers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of Medical Device Reprocessors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of National Advertisers, Inc., the American Advertising Federation, and the American Association of Advertising Agencies in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Association of Practicing Entities in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Association of Private Sector Colleges and Universities in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of Prosecuting Attorneys, the National District Attorneys Association, and the Rockland County District Attorney's Office in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Association of Service and Computer Dealers International, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of the Bar of New York City in Support of Respondent and Affirmance
 

Brief for the Association of the Bar of the City of New York in Support of Neither Party as Regards the First Question Presented, with No Position as to the Second Question Presented
 

Brief for the Association of the Bar of the City of New York in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Association of the Bar of the City of New York in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of the Bar of the City of New York on Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Association of the Bar of the City of New York on Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Association of the Bar of The City of New York, The Brennan Center for Justice at New York University School of Law, The Constitution Project, People for the American Way Foundation, the Rutherford Institute, and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Association of University Technology Managers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Associationof AmericanRailroads in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Atlantic Legal Foundation and the International Association of Defense Counsel in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Atlantic Legal Foundation and the Justice Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Atlantic Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the ATM Industry Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Attorneys Information Exchange Group in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Authors Guild, Inc., American Society of Media Photographers, Inc., American Photographic Artists, Graphic Artists Guild, North American Nature Photography Association, National Press Photographers Association, the Picture Archive Counsel of America, Inc., Songwriters' Guild of America, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty, General Synod of the United Church of Christ, and Rev. Gradye Parsons, Stated Clerk of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of Christ (U.S.A.) in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Bar Association of the District of Columbia Patent, Trademark and Copyright Section in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Bart Stupak and the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Bass Pro Shops Outdoor World, LLC and Tracker Marine Retail, LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Battered Women'??s Resource Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty and the Christian Legal Society in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Hollingsworth and the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Biosimilars Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Biotechnology Industry Organization in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Biotechnology Industry Organization in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Biotechnology Industry Organization in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Biotechnology Industry Organization, the Association of University Technology Managers, and Croplife International in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Biotechnology Innovation Organization and the Association of University Technology Managers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Biotechnology Organization in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Black Student Alliance at the University of Texas at Austin, the Black Ex-Students of Texas, Inc., and the NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Blacks in Government (BIG), the Emerald Society of the Federal Law Enforcement Associations (ESFLEA), and the Federal Law Enforcement Officers Association (FLEOA) in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association and the Rawlings Company, LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Boston Patent Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Boston Patent Law Association in Support of Respondent With Respect To Question No. 2
 

Brief for the Boston Patent Law Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence and International Brotherhood of Police Officers in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, the Coalition to Stop Gun Violence, the Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America, States United to Prevent Gun Violence, and the Violence Policy Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, the Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, the Violence Policy Center, and the Educational Fund to Stop Gun Violence in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, the Major Cities Chiefs Association, and the International Brotherhood of Police Officers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Breast Cancer Prevention Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.U. School of Law as Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.U. School of Law as Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.U. School of Law in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.U. School of Law in Support of Appellee
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.U. School of Law in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.U. School of Law in Support of the Government
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice in Support of Petitioner and Reversal
 

Brief for the Bronx Household in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Buckeye Institute for Public Policy Solutions in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Business Law Section of the Florida Bar in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Business Law Section of the Florida Bar in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Business Roundtable in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Business Roundtable in Support of Respondent AT&T, Inc.
 

Brief for the Business Software Alliance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Business Software in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the California Association of Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the California Constitution Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the California Council of Churches; California Faith for Equality; Unitarian Universalist Justice Ministry California; Northern California Nevada Conference, United Church of Christ; Southern California Nevada Conference, United Church of Christ; Pacific Association of Reform Rabbis; California Network of Metropolitan Community Churches in Support of Petitioners and Urging Reversal
 

Brief for the California District Attorneys Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the California Public Defenders Association, DUI Lawyers Association and the Mexican American Bar Association (of Los Angeles County)in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the California Public Utilities Commission in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the California Society of Entertainment Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the California State Association of Counties and the League of California Cities in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the California State Senator, Leland Y. Yee, PhD., the California Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the California Psychological Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the California Women's Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Campaign Legal Center, AARP, Asian Americans Advancing Justice, Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, Common Cause, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, the League of Women Voters of the United States, Progressives United and Public Campaign in Support of Appellee
 

Brief for the Campaign Legal Center, Democracy 21, the League of WomenVoters of the United States, League Of Women Voters of Arizona, Public Citizen, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, the New Jersey Appleseed Public Interest Law Center and the Sierra Club in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Campaign Legal Center, the League of Women Voters, the Voting Rights Institute, and the National Council of Jewish Women in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Campaign Legal Center, The League of Women Voters, The Voting Rights Institute, The Racial Justice Project at New York Law School, The National Council of Jewish Women, and the National Association of Social Workers in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Campaign Legal Center, the League of Women Voters, the Voting Rights Institute, the Racial Justice Project at New York Law School, the National Council of Jewish Women, and the National Association of Social Workers in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Canadian Civil Liberties Association, et al., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cargo Airline Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Carter Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Catholic Benefits Association and the Catholic Insurance Company in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Catholic Charities of the Diocese of Joliet, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Catholic Defense League in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Catholic Health Association of the United States and Catholic Charities USA in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Catholic Health Association of the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Catholic Legal Immigration Network Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Cato Institute and Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for the Cato Institute and Independent Women~s Forum in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cato Institute and National Federation of Independent Business in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the CATO Institute and Professor Jeremy Rabkin as Amici Curiae Supporting DACA as a Matter of Policy but Petitioners as a Matter of Law
 

Brief for the Cato Institute and Professor Josh Blackman in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cato Institute and Reason Foundation in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Cato Institute and the DKT Liberty Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute and the National Federation of Independent Business Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cato Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Peititoner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Peititoners
 

Brief for the Cato Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cato Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the CATO Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the CATO Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the CATO Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the CATO Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the CATO Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the CATO Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the CATO Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the CATO Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Cato Institute in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute, Center for Democracy & Technology, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Public Knowledge, and Techfreedom in Support Of Respondents
 

Brief for the Cato Institute, National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, and Center of the American Experiment as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute, National Federation of Independent Business, Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence, and Reason Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the CATO Institute, National Federation of Independent Business, National Association of Home Builders, Reason Foundation, and Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the CATO Institute, P.J. O'Rourke, Nat Hentoff, Martin Garbus, Nadine Strossen, and the Comic Book Legal Defense Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cato Institute, Professor Randy E. Barnett, and Professor Jeremy Rabkin in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the CATO Institute, Reason Foundation, and Competitive Enterprise Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute, Reason Foundation, and Individual Rights Foundation as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cato Institute, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the American Civil Liberties Union of North Carolina in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cato Institute, the Competitive Enterprise Institute, and the Judicial Education Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cato Institute, William N. Eskridge Jr. and Steven Calebresi in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the CATO Institution in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cayuga Nation, the Seneca Nation of Indians, the Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe, the Cherokee Nation, and the Pueblo of Pojoaque as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Audit Quality in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Center for Audit Quality in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Center for Auto Safety in Support of the Respondents
 

Brief for the Center for Class Action Fairness in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Class Action Fairness in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Competitive Politics in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Constitituional Jurisprudence and the CATO Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Neither Party Suggesting Reversal
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence, Individual Rights Foundation, the Committee for Justice, Congressmen Ed Royce, Ted Poe, and Tom McClintock, and Indiana Senator Mike Delph in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Jurispurudence and the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Constitutional Rights and Attorneys Involved in National Security Litigation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Center for Democracy & Technology, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Matt Blaze, Andrew J. Blumberg, Roger L. Easton, and Norman Sadeh in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Center for Democracy & Technology, Electronic Frontier Foundation, New America's Open Technology Institute and World Privacy Forum in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Center for Digital Democracy in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Center for Fair Administration of Taxes (CFAT) in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Center for Family Policy and Practice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Food Safety and Save Our Seeds in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Government Studies in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Center for Individual Rights in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Individual Rights in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Individual Rights in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Center for Individual Rights in Support Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for Inquiry and American Athiests in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Center for Inquiry, American Atheists, American Ethical Union, American Humanist Association, Americans for Religious Liberty, Institute for Humanist Studies, Military Association of Atheists and Freethinkers, Secular Student Alliance, Secular Coalition for America, and Society for Humanistic Judaism, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Center for Inquiry, American Humanist Association, American Atheists, Military Association of Atheists and Freethinkers, and the Institute for Science and Human Values, in Support of the Government
 

Brief for the Center for Law and Education, Learning Rights Law Center, Chicago Coalition for the Homeless, Pacer Center, and Parents United for Responsible Education in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Center for State Enforcement of Antitrust and Consumer Protection Laws, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center for the Administation of Criminal Lawand the NYU School of Law in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Center for the Rule of Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Center for the Rule of Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Center on National Labor Policy, Inc. and National Institute for Labor Relations Research, Inc., et al. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Center on the Administration of Criminal Law and 30 Criminologists in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Center on the Administration of Criminal Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center on the Administration of Criminal Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center on the Administration of Criminal Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center on the Administration of Criminal Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Center on the Administration of Criminal Law, New York University School Of Law; the Criminal Justice Institute, University of Houston Law Center; The Jacob Burns Center for Ethics In the Practice of Law, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law; The Louis Stein Center for Law and Ethics, Fordham University School of Law; and the Stanford Criminal Justice Center, Stanford Law School in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Central Bank of Jordan as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Centre for Family Law and Policy in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States and the National Defense Industrial Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and Business Roundtable in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and Business Roundtable in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and Business Roundtable in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and National Federation of Independent Business as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and National Federation of Independent Business in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the American Petroleum Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the Business Roundtable in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the Competitive Enterprise Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the Grocery Manufacturers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the Retail Litigation Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the Retail Litigation Center, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America and the Securities Industry and Financiakl Markets Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America for the Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for The Chamber Of Commerce Of The United States Of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber Of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber Of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Responde
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent AT&T, Inc.
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Chamber Of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, American Benefits Council, ERISA Industry Committee, and Society for Human Resource Management in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, American Financial Services Association, and Financial Services Roundtable in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, American Hospital Association, and Pharmaceutical Research & Manufacturers of America in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, American Trucking Associations, Inc., and Business Roundtable in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Business Roundtable, Retail Litigation Center Inc., and the NationalFederation of Independent Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber Of Commerce of the United States of America, California Chamber of Commerce, American Tort Reform Association, and Civil Justice Association of California in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, et al.
 

Brief for the Chamber Of Commerce Of The United States Of America, Montana Chamber Of Commerce, National Federation Of Independent Business, And American Tort Reform Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Federation of Independent Business, State Chamber of Oklahoma, Tulsa Regional Chamber, and Portland Cement Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, and Biotechnology Industry Organization in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, the Clearing House Association l.l.c, American Hospital Association, and the American Medical Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Retail Litigation Center, Inc., and the American Tort Reform Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the American Hotel & Lodging Association, the American Tort Reform Association, the International Association of Manufacturers, and the National Federation of Independent Business in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the American Tort Reform Association, and the Retail Litigation Center, In., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the National Association of Manufacturers, the National Federation of Independent Business, and the National Association of Home Builders in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the National Defense Industrial Association, the Professional Services Council, and the International Stability Operations Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the National Foreign Trade Council, the Federation of German Industries, the Association of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce, and the Organization for International Investment in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the National Foreign Trade Council, USA Engage, the United States Council for International Business, and the American Petroleum Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the Retail Litigation Center, Inc., National Federation of Independent Business and Business Roundtable in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of Americain Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of American in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cherokee Nation, the Chickasaw Nation, the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma, and the Inter-Tribal Council of the Five Civilized Tribes in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Chevron Corporation, Dole Food Company, Dow Chemical Company, Ford Motor Company, Glaxosmithkline PLC, and The Procter & Gamble Company in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Chickasaw and Choctaw Nations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Children'??s Law Section of the State Bar of Michigan in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Children's Advocacy Institute in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Children's Defense Fund and the American Academy of Pediatrics in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Children's Defense Fund, the Fair Elections Legal Network, and the Union for Reform Judaism & Central Conference of American Rabbis, et al., in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Christian and Missionary Alliance Foundation, Inc., et al., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Christian Legal Society, Association of Christian Schools International, and American Association of Christian Schools in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Christian Legal Society, the Anglican Church in North America, Association of Christian Schools International, Christian Medical Association, the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, Evangelical Council for Financial Accountability, International Conference of Evangelical Chaplain Endorsers, the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod, the National Legal Foundation, and the Queens Federation of Churches in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Christian Life Commission of the Missouri Baptist Convention in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye, Inc., International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc., Islamic Center of Murfreesboro, and Pastor Robert Soto and Other Members of the Lipan Apache Tribe in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Cities of Arlington and Fort Worth, Texas, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Citizens United's National Committee for Family, Faith and Prayer, Citizens United Foundation, U.S. Justice Foundation, Gun Owners Foundation, The Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Public Advocate of the United States, Declaration Alliance, Western Center for Journalism, Institute on the Constitution, Abraham Lincoln Foundation for Public Policy Research, Inc., Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, English First, and Protect Marriage Maryland PAC in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Citizens... Council for Health Freedom, Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, Inc., and Individual Physicians in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the City and County of San Francisco, California, and Seventeen Other Municipalities In Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the City and County of San Francisco, the City of Los Angeles, and 24 Other Jurisdictions in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the City and County of San Francisco; the Cities of Oakland, Baltimore, Los Angeles, and New York; and the County of Santa Clara as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the City and of , International Municipal Lawyers Association, and Association of Counties in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the City of Los Angeles and County of Los Angeles, and 17 Other Cities and Urban Areas in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the City of New York as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the City of New York in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the City of New York in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the City of New York, New York State Conference of Mayors, the American Water Works Association, American Public Works Association, Water Environment Federation, Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies, and the National Association of Clean Water Agencies in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the City of New York, the City of Baltimore, the City of Boston, the City of Burlington, the City of Dayton, the City of Madison, the City and County of San Francisco, and Travis County, Texas Officials in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the City of New York, the Council of the City of New York, Michael R. Bloomberg, in his Capacity as Mayor of the City of New York, and Christine C. Quinn, in her Official Capacity as the Speaker of the City Council of the City of New York, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the City of Yakima, Washington in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Civil Rights Clinic and the Education Rights Center at Howard University School of Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Class Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief for the Clearing House and the Financial Services Roundtable in Support of Petitioner and Reversal
 

Brief for the Clearing House Association L.L.C. and Financial Services Roundtable in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Clearing House Association L.L.C., American Bankers Association, and Consumer Bankers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Clearing House in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Clearinghouse Association and Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Clearinghouse Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Cleveland Choral Arts Association Inc a/k/a the North Coast Men...s Chorus in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Clinic for Legal Assistance to Servicemembers and Veterans in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Clinic for Legal Assistance to Servicemembers and Veterans in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the CNS International Ministries, Inc. and Heartland Christian College in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Coalition for 21st Century Medicine in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Coalition for Government Procurement in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Coalition for Sensible Public Records Access, American Escrow Association, American Land Title Association, Consumer Mortgage Coalition, National Association of Realtors, and Real Estate Services Providers Council, Inc. (Respro) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Coalition for Sensible Public Records Access; Consumer Data Industry Association; Corelogic; Lps Analytics, Llc.; Reed Elsevier Inc.; National Association of Professional Background Screeners; The Software & Information Industry Association; National Credit Reporting Association; National Multifamily Resident Information Council; and R.L. Polk & Co. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Coalition of African American Pastors USA, the Center for Urban Renewal and Education, the Frederick Doublass Foundation, Inc., and Numerous Law Professors in Support of Petitioners and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for the Coalition of Bar Associations of Color (National Bar Association, Hispanic National Bar Association, National Asian Pacific American Bar Association, and National Native American Bar Association) in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Coalition of Texans with Disabilities, Decoding Dyslexia and Don't dismyabilities, Inc. as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Coca-Cola Company and Archer Daniels Midland Company in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Colegio de Abogados y Abogadas de Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican Bar Association, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the College Board, AACRAO, NACAC, and LSAC in support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Comcast Corporation, Facebook, Inc., Intuit Inc., Microsoft Corporation, Netflix, Inc., Overstock.Com, Inc., and SAP America, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Commercial Law League of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Committee for Constructive Tomorrow in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Committee for Economic Development in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Committee for Justice in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Committee of Interns and Residents and the American Medical Student Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Committee on Bankruptcy and Corporate Reorganization of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, the Business Law Section of the Florida Bar, the Bankruptcy Law Section of the Louisiana State Bar Association, and the Bankruptcy Law Section of the Beverly Hills Bar Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Committee on Capital Markets Regulation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Committee on Civil Rights of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for the Commonwealth of Virginia and the States of Alabama, Alaska, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, South Carolina, West Virginia, and Wisconsin in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Commonwealth of Virginia and the States of Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Territory of Guam in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Commonwealth Second Amendment, Inc; New York State Rifle and Pistol Association, Inc.; Illinois State Rifle Association; and Illinois Carry in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Commonwealths of Virginia, Kentucky, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania, the States of California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington, and the District of Columbia in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the Competitive Enterprise Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Competitive Enterprise Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Competitive Enterprise Institute, Cato Institute, Reason Foundation, and Committee for Justice as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Competitive Enterprise Institute, Cato Institute, Techfreedom, Reason Foundation, and American Consumer Institute Center for Citizen Research as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Competitive Enterprise Institute, Thomas P. Miller, Joseph R. Antos, Christopher J. Conover, Earl L. Grinols, Michael A. Morrisey, Tomas J. Philipson, Scott E. Harrington, James C. Capretta, Robert Kaestner, and James W. Henderson in Support of Petitioners on the Severability Issue
 

Brief for the Computer & Communications Industry Association, the Consumer Electronics Association, Information Technology Industry Council, TechAmerica, Center for Democracy & Technology, and the Digital Liberty Project of Americans for Tax Reform in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Computer and Communications Industry Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Computer and Communications Industry Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Computer and Communications Industry Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Conductors Guild and the Music Library Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Congressional Medal of Honor Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Constitution Project and Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Constitution Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Constitution Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Constitution Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Constitution Project in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Constitution Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Constitution Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Constutitional Accountability Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Consumer Data Association, National Consumer Reporting Association, and the National Association of Professional Background Screeners in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Consumer Data Industry Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Consumer Data Industry Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Consumer Data Industry Association in Support of Petitioner and For the Reverseal of the Ninth Circuit's Judgement
 

Brief for the Consumer Electronic Retailers Coalition, Retail Industry Leaders Assocation, and State Retailer Federations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Consumer Federation of America and the Consumers Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Consumer Healthcare Products Association and the Council for Responsible Nutrition in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Cook County Public Guardian in Support of Neither Party and Suggesting Reversal
 

Brief for the Copyright Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities, Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities, General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists and Seventeen Individual Religious Colleges and Universities in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Council of American Survey Research Organizations, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Council of Institutional Investors et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Council of Institutional Investors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Council of Parent Attorneys and Advocates and Advocates for Children of New York in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Council of State Governments in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Council of State Governments, National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Council of State Governments, National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Council of State Governments, the National Association of Counties, the National League of Cities, the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the International City/County Management Association and the International Municipal Lawyers Association, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Council of the Great City Schools in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Council on American-Islamic Relations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Council on American-Islamic Relations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Council on Labor Law Equality and the Society for Human Resource Management in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Council on Labor Law Equality in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Council on Labor Law Equality in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the County Commissioners Association of Pennsylvania in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the County of Cuyahoga, Ohio in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the County of Los Angeles the League of California Cities, and the California State Association of Counties in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Court-Appointed Receiver and the Court-Appointed Examiner in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the CPRA Foundation, Gun Owners of California, Calguns Shooting Sports Association, and Kansas State Rifle Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Credit Union National Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Creekside Coalition, Colorado Cattlemen's Association, Colorado Farm Bureau, And Dude Ranchers' Association
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation and the National District Attorneys Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Appellant
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the D.C. Respondents
 

Brief for the Daniel DiSalvo in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Decency Enforcement Center for Television in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Defense Research Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Democratic National Committee in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Disability Rights Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Dish Network, LLC, Echostar Corp., DirecTV, TIVO, Inc., Computer and Communications Industry Association, Consumer Electronics Association, Satellite Broadcasting and Communications Association, United States Telecom Association, and Public Knowledge in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the District Attorneys Association of the state of New York in support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the District Attorneys of San Diego County, California, and Sacramento County, California in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the DKT Liberty Project and 33 Independent Raisin Growers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the DKT Liberty Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Domestic Violence Legal Empowerment & Appeals Project (Dv Leap), Battered Women's Justice Project, Family Violence Appellate Project, Legal Momentum, and Tahirih Justice Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Domestic Violence Legal Empowerment and Appeals Project and Professor Margaret Drew in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Domestic Violence Legal Empowerment and Appeals Project, AEquitas: The Prosecutors' Resource on Violence Against Women, and Futures Without Violence in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Domestic Violence Legal Empowerment and Appeals Project, Legal Momentum, the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, Professor Margaret Drew, Professor Leigh Goodmark, and Professor Margaret Garvin in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Domestic Violence Legal Empowerment and Appeals Project, the National Clearinghouse for the Defense of Battered Women, and the Coalition against Sexual Assault in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Dominguez Respondents
 

Brief for the Donaldson Adoption Institute, Center for the Study of Social Policy, Child Welfare League of America, First Focus, North America Council on Adoptable Children, Voice for Adoption in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Dow Chemical Canada ULC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Dow Chemical Company in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the DUI Defense Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund, Inc. in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Edison Electric Institute, American Public Power Association, and National Rural Electric Cooperative Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Electric Power Supply Association, the Edison Electric Institute, and PJM Power Providers Group, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Electronic Frontier Foundation and Public Knowledge in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Public Knowledge, and Apache Software Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Public Knowledge, the Consumer Electronics Association, and Engine Advocacy in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and 36 Technical Experts and Legal Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and Thirty-Two Technical Experts and Legal Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and Twenty-One Technical Experts and Legal Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Electronic Privacy Information Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Electronic Privacy Information Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Electronic Privacy Information Center(EPIC) and Legal Scholars and Technical Experts in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the EMC Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Empire State Pride Agenda, Equality California, Equal Rights Washington, One Iowa, Equality Maryland, Vermont Freedom to Marry, Massequality, New Hampshire Freedom to Marry Coalition and Equality Maine in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for the Endowment for Middle East Truth (EMET) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Entertainment Consumers Association, Competitive Enterprise Institute, Consumer Action, the Consumer Federation of America, Public Knowledge, and Students for Free Culture in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Entertainment Merchants Association, and the National Association of Recording Merchandisers in in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Commission in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council and National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council and National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council and Society for Human Resource Management in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council, Chamber Of Commerce of the United States of America And National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council, National Association of Manufacturers and the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council, National Association of Manufacturers, and the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council, National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center and American Hospital Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council, National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center and Society for Human Resource Management in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Erisa Industry Committee and the American Benefits Council in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the ERISA Industry Committee in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the ESOP Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the ESOP Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Eternal Word Television Network in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention and Prof. D. Brian Scarnecchia in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Ethics and Public Policy Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Ethics and Public Policy Center in Support of Petitioners and Supporting Reversal or Vacatur
 

Brief for the Ethics Bureau at Yale in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the European Commission on Behalf of the European Union in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Faith and Action Networks in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Families Against Mandatory Minimums in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Families of Linda Salinas and Other Crime Victims in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Family Defense Center and Other Advocates for Families in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Family Defense Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Family of Heman Sweatt in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Family Research Council and 27 Members of the US House of Representatives in Support of Petitioners and Reversal on the Severability Issue
 

Brief for the Family Research Council and the American Coalition for Fathers and Children in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Family Research Council in Support of Petitioners Addressing the Merits and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for the Federal Circuit Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Federal Circuit Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Federal Circuit Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Federal Circuit Bar Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Federal Petitioners
 

Brief for the Federal Petitioners
 

Brief for the Federal Petitioners
 

Brief for the Federal Public Defender for the District Court of Oregon in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Federal Repondent Greene's Energy Group, LLC, et al.
 

Brief for the Federal Republic of Germany the Association of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce, the Federation of German Industries, CBI, Confederation of Swedish Enterprise, Economiesuisse, and the International Chambers of CommerceGermany, Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Federal Respondent in Opposition
 

Brief for the Federal Respondent Joseph Matal, Interim Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al.
 

Brief for the Federal Respondent Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for the Federal Respondents
 

Brief for the Federal Respondents
 

Brief for the Federal Respondents
 

Brief for the Federal Respondents Ryan Zinke, Secretary of the Interior, et al.
 

Brief for the Federal Respondents United States Fish and Wildlife Service, et al.
 

Brief for the Federal Respondents, FCC
 

Brief for the Federation Internationale des Conseils en Propriete Intellectuelle (FICPI) in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Federation of Defense and Corporate Counsel, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy, et al. in Support of the Petitioners and Reversal
 

Brief for the Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico
 

Brief for the Financial Services Roundtable in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the First Amendment Coalition in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the First Amendment Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the First Amendment Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Florida Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers - Miami Chapter in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Food Marketing Institute and the National Retail Federation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Food Marketing Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the for Reform Judaism in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce, the Dallas Regional Chamber, the Greater Fort Worth Real Estate Council, and the Dallas Citizens Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Fortune-100 and Other Leading American Businesses in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Foundation for Defense of Democracies in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education and Alliance Defending Freedom in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The Foundation for Individual Rights in Education and Law Professors Ash Bhagwat, David Post, Martin Redish, Nadine Strossen, and Eugene Volokh in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Foundation of Defense of Democracies in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Franklin Pierce Center for Intellectual Property in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Free Speech People and the Hon. James C. Nelson in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Freedom Foundation and Dr. John Balz in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Freedom From Religion Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Freedom From Religion Foundation, Bishopaccountability.Org, Children's Healthcare is a Legal Duty, the Child Protection Project, the Foundation to Abolish Child Sex Abuse, Survivors for Justice, and the Survivors Network of Those Abused by Priests in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Fujifilm Corporation, Seiko Epson Corporation, Epson America, Inc. and Epson Portland, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Future of Music Coalition, the National Association of Media Arts and Culture, and Fractured Atlas in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Galen Institute and State Legislators in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the General Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the General Synod of the United Church of Christ, the Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty, the Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, and the Chicago Theological Seminary as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Generic Pharmaceutical Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Generic Pharmaceutical Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Generic Pharmaceutical Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Generic Pharmaceutical Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Generic Pharmaceutical Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Generic Pharmaceutical Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Generic Pharmaceutical Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Genetic Alliance and the National Organization for Rare Disorders in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Georgetown University Law Center Chapter of the Black Law Students Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Georgia Alliance of Community Hospitals, Inc. and the National Association of Public Hospitals and Health Systems in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Global Alliance for Rapid DNA Testing in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Goldwater Institute Scharf-Norton Center for Constitutional Government in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Government Integrity Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Government of the Argentine Republic in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Government of the United States Virgin Islands in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Governments of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Swiss Confederation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Governments of the United Kingdom, of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Governor of Washington Christine Gregoire in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for the Greater Houston Partnership in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Grocery Manufacturers Association, National Association of Manufacturers, American Tort Reform Association, and Lawyers for Civil Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., and the Conservative Legal Defense and Educational Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., U.S. Justice Foundation, Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.Org, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Guttmacher Institute and Professor Sara Rosenbaum in Support of the Government
 

Brief for the Habeas Corpus Resource Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Harvard Law School Center for Health Law and Policy Innovation, et al. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the Health Policy Experts in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Heartland Angels, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Hercules Open-Source Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the High Impact Leadership Coalition in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Hispanic American Center for Economic Research in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Hispanic Leadership Fund, the National Black Chamber of Commerce, and the National Grange of the Order of the Patrons of Husbandry in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Hispanic National Bar Association, and the National Bar Association, and the South Asian Bar Association of North America in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for The Hispanic National Bar Association, LatinoJustice PRLDEF, and the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Honorable Abby Abinanti, Chief Justice of the Yurok Tribal Court in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Honorable Congressman John Lewis in Support Of Respondents and Intervenor-Respondents
 

Brief for the Honorable John K. Olson in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for the Honorable John K. Olson in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for the Honorable Michael Oxley in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Honorable Robert C. "Bobby" Scott in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Honorable Wendy Davis, Teresa Fedor, Lucy Flores, and Judy Nicastro in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Housing Equality Center of Pennslyvania in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Houston Housing Authority in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Howard University School of Law Civil Rights Clinic in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Human Rights Campaign and 207,551 Americans in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Illinois Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Illinois Conference of the United Church Of Christ, the Council for Health and Human Service Ministries, the Metropolitan Chicago Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, and Lutheran Services in America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Illinois Policy Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Immigration Reform Law Institute and Federation for American Immigration Reform in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Immigration Reform Law Institute in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Immigration Reform Law Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Impact Fund, California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation, Disability Rights Advocates, the Legal Aid Society, Public Advocates, and Public Interest Law Project in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Indiana Tech Law School Amicus Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Information Society Project at Yale Law School in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Petitioner Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Innocence Network in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Innocence Project as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Innocence Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for The Institute for Human Rights and Business, Eroll P. Mendes, David Petrasek, John F Sherman III, and the University of Minnesota Human Rights Litigation and International Advocacy Clinic in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Institute for Justice and the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Institute for Justice in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Institute for Justice in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Institute for Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Institute for Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Institute for Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Institute for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Institute for Policy Integrity at New York University School of Law in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Institute for Policy Integrity at New York University School of Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Institute for Professionals in Taxation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Institute for Women'??s Policy Research in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Institute for Women's Policy Research, National Association of Social Workers, Texas Chapter of National Association of Social Workers, and Re:Gender in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Institute for Women's Policy Research, National Association of Social Workers, Texas Chapter of National Association of Social Workers, and Re:Gender in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Institute of Professional Representatives Before the European Patent Office (EPI) in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Institutional Religious Freedom Alliance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Amicus Brief Clinic of the Franklin Pierce Center for Intellectual Property at the University of New Hampshire School of Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Petitioner nor Respondents
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicagoin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Law Section of the State Bar of Texas in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Law Society of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Owners Asociatiation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Intelletual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Ak-Chin Indian Community, Colorado River Indian Tribes, Fort Mcdowell Yavapai Nation, Hopi Tribe, the Pascua Yaqui Tribe Of Arizona, and Tohono O'Odham Nation in Support of Respondents Birth Father and Cherokee Nation
 

Brief for the International Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers (IAML) in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the International Association of Defense Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the International Association of Fire Fighters in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the International Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists (R.A.) in Support of Petitioner and Reversal
 

Brief for the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, AFL-CIO in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the International Business Machines Corporation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the International Center for Law & Economics and the Competitive Enterprise Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the International City/County Management Association, International Municipal Lawyers Association, National Association of Counties, National Governors Association, National League of Cities, and United States Conference of Mayors, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the International City/County Management Association, National Association of Counties, National Conference of State Legislatures, National League of Cities, and United States Conference of Mayors, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the International Coalition for Copyright Protection in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the International Game Developers Association and the Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the International Mission Board of The Southern Baptist Convention, Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of The Southern Baptist Convention, Council of Hindu Temples of North America, Mandaean Association of Massachusetts, And International Church of the Foursquare Gospel in Suport of Petitioner
 

Brief for the International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the International Municipal Lawyers Association In Support Of Respondents
 

Brief for the International Municipal Lawyers Association, Inc. and the International Public Management Association for Human Resources in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the International Municipal Lawyers Association, National Association of Counties and the National League of Cities in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the International Municipal Lawyers Association, the Council of State Governments, and the International City/County Management Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the International Municipal Lawyers Association, the International City/County Management Association, the National Association of Counties, the National League of Cities, and the US Conference of Mayors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the International Publishers Association, International Federation of Scholarly Publishers, International Association of Scientific, Technical & Medical Publishers, Borsenverein Des Deutschen Buchhandels E.V., the International Federation of Reproduction Rights Organizations, and Copyright Clearance Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the International Rail Transport Committee in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the International Trademark Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the International Trademark Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the International Trademark Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the International Trademark Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Internet Association, the Software & Information Industry Association, Dell, Inc., eBay, Inc., Facebook, Inc., Garmin International, Inc., Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co., HP, Inc., Lenovo, USA, Motorola Mobility, LLC, Newwgg, Inc., Pegasytems, Inc., Red Hat, Inc., SAS Institute, Inc, Varian Medical Systems, and Vizio, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Interstate Natural Gas Association of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Iowa Office of Consumer Advocate in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the James Madison Center and the Center for Competitive Politics in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The James Madison Institute; Florida Taxwatch; Texas Public Policy Foundation; Yankee Institute; Oklahoma Council Of Public Affairs; Advance Arkansas Institute; Independence Institute; John Locke Foundation; Sutherland Institute; Consumer Federation Of The Southeast; And National Center For Public Policy Research in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Jewish Alliance for Law and Social Action (JALSA), Jewish Social Policy Action Network (JSPAN), Jewish Council on Urban Affairs (JCUA), Boston Alliance for Community Health, Lawyers... Committee for Civil Rights and Economic Justice, and Professors of Health Law and Constitutional Law in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Jewish Educational Center, Association of Christian Schools International, and the North American Division Of Seventh-Day Adventists Office Of Education in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the John Marshall Law School Veterans Legal Support Center & Clinic and the Chicago School of Professional Psychology in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Judge David L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Judge David L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, Mental Health America, and the Service Employees International Union in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Judicial Crisis Network in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Judicial Education Project and Professors of Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Judicial Education Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Judicial Education Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Judicial Education Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Judicial Education Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Juhasz Law Firm in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Juhasz Law Firm, P.C. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Juhasz Law Firm, P.C. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioners on the Severability Issue
 

Brief for the Justice and Freedom Fund in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Juvenile Law Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Juvenile Law Center, et al., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Knights of Columbus in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Land Use Institute, Ltd. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Landmark Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Langley Hill Friends Meeting; Richmond, VA Friends Meeting; and Ann Arbor Friend Meeting, all part of the Religious Society of Friends in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Law of Nations Scholars on Reargumentin Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Lawfare Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Lawyer's Committee for Civil Rights Under Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, AARP, and Equal Justice Society in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under the Law in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for The Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under the Law, the Poverty & Race Research Action Council, the Opportunity Agenda, and the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights and the Leadership Conference Educational Fund, et al., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights and the Leadership Conference Education Fund et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights and the Leadership Conference Education Fund Et Al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights and the Southern Poverty Law Center, et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights et al., in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, et al., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, the Southern Poverty Law Center, League of United Latin American Citizens, the National Asian Pacific American Bar Association, National Congress of American Indians, Legal Momentum, Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, African American Ministers in Action, American Jewish Committee, Leadership Conference of Women Religious, and Other Civil Rights, Faith, and Community Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the League of Women Voters in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Lee Memorial Health System in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Legal Aid Society as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief for the Legal Aid Society of New York and Morningside Heights Legal Services, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Legal Aid Society of the District of Columbia and National Consumer Advocacy Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Legal Aid Society of the District of Columbia, the Center for Public Representation, National Health Law Program, Advocates for Basic Legal Equality, Inc., Justice in Aging, Western Center on Law and Poverty, Legal Aid Justice Center, and Public Justice Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Legal Aid Society of the District of Columbia, the Children'??s Law Center, DC Appleseed Center for Law and Justice, and the National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Legal Aid Society, Juvenile Rights Practice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Legal Center for Defense of Life in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Legal Defense and Education Fund, U.S. Justice Foundation, Institute on the Constitution, and Southwest Prophecy Ministries in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Legal Defense for Unborn Children in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Legion of Valor of the United States and the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Lewisburg Prison Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Liberty Counsel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Liberty Counsel in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Liberty Institute, CATO Institute, the Independence Law Center, Institute for Justice Texas Chapter, and the James Madison Center for Free Speech in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Liberty Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Licensing Executives Society (U.S.A. and Canada), Inc., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Lighted Candle Society in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Loan Syndications and Trading Association, the American Bankers Association, the Clearing House Association, the Commercial Finance Association, the Commercial Real Estate Finance Council, the Equipment Leasing and Finance Association, the Financial Services Roundtable, the Managed Funds Association, the Mortgage Bankers Association, and the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Los Angeles County District Attorney on Behalf of Los Angeles County in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Los Angeles County District Attorney on Behalf of Los Angeles County, the California District Attorneys Association, the National District Attorneys Association, and the Arizona Prosecuting Attorneys'?? Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner James Alford
 

Brief for the Los Angeles County Public Defender's Office in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law and Professors of Foreign Relations and Constitutional Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Loyola CIVITAS Childlaw Center, National for for Youth Law, Clinical Social Work Association, Southern Poverty Law Center, Lawyers for Children, Children and Family Justice Center, Children's Advocacy Clinic, Professor Michael S. Wald, Professor Donald N. Duquette in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Main Street Alliance, American Independent Business Alliance, Seattle Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce, and San Francisco Chamber of Commerce as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for the Major Cities Chiefs Association, Police Executive Research Forum, National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives, and Individual Sheriffs and Police Chiefs in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Manhattan Institute of Police in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Marion B. Brechner First Amendment Project and Rap Music Scholars (Professors Erik Nielson And Charis E. Kubrin) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Marion B. Brechner First Amendment Project and the Pennsylvania Center for the First Amendment in Support of Respondents Seeking Affirmance
 

Brief for the Maritime Law Association of the United States inSupport ofRespondent
 

Brief for the Maryland Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Maryland Coalition Against Sexual Assault in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Maryland Crime Victims' Resource Center, Inc., National Center for Victims of Crime, National Crime Victim Law Institute, National Organization of Parents of Murdered Children, Inc., Crime Victims United of California, D.C. Crime Victims' Resource Center, and Colorado Organization for Victim Assistance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Massachusetts Biotechnology Council and the Biotechnology Industry Organization in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Mayors of New York, Los Angeles, Atlanta, Austin, Birmingham, 113 Additional Mayors, County Executives, and Localities, the United States Conference of Mayors, and the National League of Cities in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Media Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Medicaid Defense Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Members of Congress in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Members of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Michigan Association for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Microsoft Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Missouri Association of Trial Attorneys in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Montana Farm Bureau Federation, American Farm Bureau Federation, CATO Institute, and the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Mothers Against Drunk Driving in Support of Respondent States
 

Brief for the Motion Picture Association of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Motion Picture Association of America, Inc. and the Recording Industry Association of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Motion Picture Association of America, Inc., and the Recording Industry Association of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The Motion Picture Association of America, Inc., Independent Film and Television Alliance, LucasFilm, Ltd., the National Association of Theater Owners, Inc., the Directors Guild of America, Inc., the Producer's Guild of America, Screen Actor's Guild, Writers Guild of America, West, Inc., and the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Motion Picture Association of America, Inc., the Association of American Publishers, Inc., the National Cable and Telecommunications Association, and the Software and Information Industry Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation and the Utah Farm Bureau Federation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Multistate Tax Commission in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Muslim-American Public Affairs Council, United Sikhs, Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye, International Society for Krishna Consciousness, O Centro Beneficente Uniao Do Vegetal, and Templo Yoruba Omo Orisha in Support of Petitionerand Urging Reversal
 

Brief for the NAACP and Virginia NAACP in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights in Support of Petitioner Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for the Nanobusiness Commercialization Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the NASDAQ, Inc., NASDAQ Stock Market LLC, New York Stock Exchange LLC, NYSE ARCA, Inc., and NYSE MKT LLC, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Abortion Federation and Abortion Providers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Advocates for Pregnant Women, a Better Balance: The Work and Family Legal Center, Backline, the Center on Reproductive Rights and Justice at Berkeley School of Law, Choices - Memphis Center for Reproductive Health, Choices in Childbirth, Desiree Alliance, Families for Justice as Healing, Families & Criminal Justice, Legal Services for Prisoners with Children, Sisterlove, Inc., Third Wave Fund, the Women and Justice Project, and Women on the Rise Telling Herstory ("WORTH")
 

Brief for the National Alliance of Forest Owners, Forest Resources Association, Empire State Forest Products Association, Florida Forestry Association, Georgia Forestry Association, Louisiana Forestry Association, Maine Forest Products Council, Michigan Forest Products Council, Mississippi Forestry Association, New Hampshire Timberland Owners Association, Northeastern Loggers Association, Pennsylvania Forest Products Association, South Carolina Forestry Association, Virginia Forestry Association, and the Washington Forest Protection Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National and Texas Latino Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Asian Pacific American Bar Association and Others as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Texas State Conference of the NAACP in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Association of Bankruptcy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Bankruptcy Trustees in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Bankruptcy Trustees in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Bankruptcy Trustees in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Association of Broadcasters and Radio-Television Digital News Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Broadcasters in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Broadcasters, the ABC Television Affiliates Association, the CBS Television Network Affiliates Association, the NBC Television Affiliates, and the FBC Television Affiliates Association, in Support of Petitioners and Reversal
 

Brief for the National Association of Chain Drug Stores in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Chain Drug Stores, and the American Society for Automation in Pharmacy in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Chain Drug Stores, National Community Pharmacists Association, National of State Pharmacy Associations and the American Pharmacists Associationin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Chapter Thirteen Trustees in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Chapter Thirteen Trustees in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Chapter Thirteen Trustees in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The National Association of Chapter Thirteen Trustees in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Chapter Thirteen Trustees in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Community Health Centers, American College of Physicians, Inc., American Nurses Association, Association of Asian Pacific Community Healthy Organizations, and 23 State Primary-Care Associations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for The National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys and the National Consumer Bankruptcy Rights Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys in Support of Petitioner Urging Reversal
 

Brief for the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Counties, the National League of Cities, the U.S. Conference of Mayors, and the International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and Experienced Tribal Court Criminal Litigators in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and Families Against Mandatory Minimums in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and Families Against Mandatory Minimums in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and Pascal F. Calogero, Jr., Former Chief Justice, Louisiana Supreme Court, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the Brennan Center for Justice at New York University School of Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the Florida Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the Innocence Network in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the New York Council of Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for The National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioners Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondents and Urging Affirmance
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, California Attorneys for Criminal Justice, and Florida Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Civil Rights and Liberties Committee of the New York County Lawyers'?? Association, and the Center for Constitutional Rights in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, National Association for Public Defense, National Legal Aid and Defender Association and Twenty-Three Capital Attorneys and Investigators in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, National Association of Federal Defenders, National Association for Public Defense, National Immigraton Project of the National Lawyers Guild, and Immigrant Defense Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, National Legal Aid & Defender Association, Law Office of the Cook County Public Defender, Public Defender's Office for the Eleventh Judicial Circuit of Florida, Los Angeles County Public Defender's Office, the Kentucky Department of Public Advocacy, Immigration Impact Unit of the Massachusetts Committee for Public Counsel Services, the New York State Defenders Association, Legal Aid Society, the Oregon Criminal Defense Lawyers Association, the New Mexico Criminal Defense Lawyers Association, the Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers of New Jersey, Hall County Public Defender, Lancaster County Public Defender's Office, Texas Fair Defense Project, Washington Defender Association, the Office of the Defender General of Vermont, the Neighborhood Defender Service of Harlem, Florence Immigrant and Refugee Rights Project, Immigrant Defense Project, Immigrant Legal Resource Center, and the National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the ACLU of Alabama in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law, the First Amendment Lawyers Association, the District of Columbia Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, the New York State Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, and the Ohio Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, the Brennan Center for Justice, the National Legal Aid & Defender Association, the Southern Center for Human Rights, And the American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, the Cato Institute, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the ACLU of North Carolina in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, the Florida Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the American Civil Liberties Union of Florida in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, the National College for DUI Defense, and the New Mexico Criminal Defense Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Evangelicals in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Evangelicals in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Evangelicals, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, the Assemblies of God, the Sisters of St. Francis of Perpetual Adoration, and Colorado Christian University in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Federal Defenders and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Federal Defenders and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The National Association of Flood and Stormwater Management Agencies and the Santa Clara Valley Water District in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Government Employees in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Health Data Organizations (NAHDO), et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Home Builders and the California Building Industry Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Home Builders and the National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Home Builders and the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Home Builders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Home Builders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Home Builders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Home Builders in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Home Builders, the Real Estate Roundtable, and the National Apartment Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Independent Land Title Agents in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Manufacturers Suggesting Reversal
 

Brief for the National Association of Manufacturers, Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, American Tort Reform Association, American Petroleum Institute, and Metals Service Center Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Manufacturers, the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the ERISA Industry Committee, the American Benefits Council, and the Business Roundtable in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Association of Police Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Public Defense in Support of Petitioner, and Suggesting Reversal
 

Brief for the National Association of Publicly Traded Partnerships in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Association of Real Estate Inverstment Trusts in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Retail Collection Attorneys in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Retail Collection Attorneys in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association of Retired and Veteran Railway Employees in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Reversionary Property Owners in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Shareholder and Consumer Attorneys in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Social Workers and the Oregon Chapter of the National Association of Social Workers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Association of Subrogation Professionals and the Self Insurance Institute of America, Inc., In Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Association of Subrogation Professionals and the Self-Insurance Institute of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Association to Protect Children in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Black Chamber of Commerce and Affordable Power Alliance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Black Chamber of Commerce and the American Board of Trial Advocates in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Black Chamber of Commerce in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Black Chamber of Commerce in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Black Law Students Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Black Law Students Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Cable and Telecommunications Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Catholic Reporter in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Center for Law and Economic Justice and the Sargent Shriver National Center on Poverty Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Center for Lesbian Rights, Gay, and Lesbian Advocates and Defenders, Equal Justice Society, National Black Justice Coalition, Family Equality Council, Human Rights Campaign, National LGBTQ Task Force, GLMA: Health Professionals Advancing LGBT Equality, Equality Federation, Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States, Immigration Equality, National Health Law Program, the Movement Advancement Project, and Bay Area Lawyers for Individual Freedom in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the National Coalition Against Censorship in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National College for DUI Defense and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National College for DUI Defense and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Community Land Trust Network in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Community Pharmacists Association, National Association of Convenience Stores, and National Grocers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Conference for Community and Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Conference of State Legislators in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Conference of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Conference of State Legislatures, National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, International Municipal Lawyers Association, International Public Management Association for Human Resources, and National Public Employer Labor Relations Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Conference of State Legislatures, National League of Cities, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, U.S. Conference of Mayors, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Conference of State Legislatures, National League of Cities, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, United States Conference of Mayors, International Municipal Lawyers Association and American Planning Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Conference of State Legislatures, National League of Cities, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, United States Conference of Mayors, International Municipal Lawyers Association, and National Sheriffs' Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Conference of State Legislatures, National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, International Municipal Lawyers Association, International Public Management Association for Human Resources, National Public Employer Labor Relations Association, and National School Boards Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Conference of State Legislatures, the Council of State Governments, and the International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Conference on Public Employee Retirement Systems (NCPERS) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians and a Coaltion of Indian Tribes and Tribal Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians and HUY in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians and Indian Tribes in South Dakota as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians and Native American Finance Officers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians and the Federal Bar Association - Indian Law Section in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians, et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians, Federally Recognized Indian Tribes, and Inter-Tribal Fish Commissions in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Congress of American Indians, the National Indian Gaming Association, the Affiliated Tribes of Northwest Indians, the Council for Athabascan Tribal Governments, and 51 Federally Recognized Indian Tribes in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Congress Of American Indians, the State Of Texas, the State Of New Mexico, the State Of Colorado, the Ute Mountain Ute Tribe, the Navajo Nation, the Fort Belknap Indian Community, the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation and the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Consensus Project and the Promise of Justice Initiative in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Coordinating Committee for Multiemployer Plans in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Coordinating Committee for Multiemployer Plans in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Coordinating Committee for Multiemployer Plans in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Creditors Bar Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Crime Victim Law Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Crime Victim Law Institute, Arizona Voice for Crime Victims, Child Justice, Inc., Maryland Crime Victims' Resource Center, Inc., National Center for Victims of Crime, and National Organization for Victim Assistance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Defense Industrial Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Defense Industrial Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Defense Industrial Association, the Coalition for Government Procurement, and the National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National District Attorney Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National District Attorney's Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National District Attorneys Association and the California District Attorney's Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National District Attorneys Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National District Attorneys Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National District Attorneys Association, California District Attorneys Association, American Society of Crime Lab Directors, California Association of Crime Laboratory Directors, International Association of Coroners and Medical Examiners, the National Association of Medical Examiners, and the California State Coroners Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National District Attorneys Association, National Traffic Law Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Domestic Violence Hotline, the National Network to End Domestic Violence, the Battered Women's Justice Project, and End Domestic Abuse Wisconsin et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Education Assocation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Education Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Education Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Education Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Education Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Education Association, California Teachers Association and Change to Win in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Education Association, Et Al., in Support of Appellee
 

Brief for the National Education Association, et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Education Association, et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Education Association, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Education Association, Michigan Education Association, and Service Employees International Union in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Education Association; Service Employees International Union; American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, AFL-CIO; United Food and Commercial Workers International Union, AFL-CIO; Andamerican Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Employment Law Project, Interfaith Worker Justice, Legal Aid Society, Legal Momentum, National Domestic Workers Alliance, National Employment Lawyers Association, Restaurant Opportunities Center United, Texas RioGrande Legal Aid, Southern Poverty Law Center, California Rural Legal Assistance, Inc., United Food and Commercial Workers International Union, and the Equal Justice Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Employment Lawyers Assocation, the Pension Rights Center, and United Policyholders in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Employment Lawyers Association and National Employment Law Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Employment Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Employment Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Employment Lawyers Association, American Association for Justice, AARP, the Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund, Inc., Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and the Legal Aid Society of San Francisco-Employment Law Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business and the Buckeye Institute for Public Policy Solutions in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center and the National Association of Home Builders in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center and the Retail Litigation Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, the National Association of Home Builders, American Farm Bureau Federation, American Forest Resource Council, and the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Federation of Independent Business, Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Foreign Trade Council in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Foreign Trade Council, USA*Engage, the United States Council for International Business, the American Petroleum Institute, the National Association of Manufacturers, the Organization for International Investment, and the American Insurance Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Fraternal Order of Police in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Fraternal Order of Police, the National Troopers Coalition and the Pennsylvania Troopers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Governors Association, National Association of Counties, National Conference of State Legislatures, International City/County Management Association, and the Council of State Governments in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, and the Council of State Governments, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, International City/County Management Association, Government Finance Officers Association, and National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Governors Association, National Conference Of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, Government Finance Officers Association, and City of New York in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, National Association of Insurance Commissioners, and Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, National League of Cities, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, and Government Finance Officers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Governors Association, the National Conference of State Legislatures, and the Council of State Governments in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Governors Association, the National Conference of State Legislatures, the Council of State Governments, the National Association of Counties, the International City/County Management Association, the United States Conference of Mayors, the International Municipal Lawyers Association, and the National Sheriffs' Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Health Law Program, American Public Health Association, National Hispanic Medical Association, National Family Planning & Reproductive Health Association, National Women~s Health Network, IPAS, Asian Americans Advancing Justice | AAJC, Asian Americans Advancing Justice - Los Angeles, Asian & Pacific Islander American Health Forum, Black Women~s Health Imperative, and Christies~s Place in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for The National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference, International Society for Krishna Consciousness, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, American Bible Society, Christian Medical Association, Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, Institutional Religious Freedom Alliance, Intervarsity Christian Fellowship/USA, Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod, National Association of Evangelicals, and Christian Legal Society in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Immigrant Justice Center and American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Immigrant Justice Center and the American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Immigrant Justice Center and the American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Immigrant Justice Center and the American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Immigrant Justice Center as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Immigrant Justice Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Immigrant Justice Center, American Immigration Lawyers Association, Advocates for Human Rights, Northwest Immigrant Rights Project, Central American Resource Center, Immigrant Law Center of Minnesota, the Florence Immigrant and Refugee Rights Project, and the Pennsylvania Immigration Resource Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Immigrant Justice Center, Americans For Immigrant Justice, Northwest Immigrant Rights Project, and Florence Immigrant and Refugee Rights Project In Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Immigrant Justice Center, the American Immigration Lawyers Association, and the American Immigration Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Immigration Justice Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Immigration Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Indigenous Women's Resource Center and Additional Advocacy Organizations for Survivors of Domestic Violence and Assault in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs ("COLPA"), Et Al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs, Agudas Harabbanim, Agudath Israel of America, National Council of Young Israel, Rabbinical Alliance of America, Rabbinical Council of America, and the Union of Orthodox Congregations of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Justice For Our Neighbors; Refugee and Immigration Ministries, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ); Council on American-Islamic Relations; Mennonite Central Committee; United Sikhs; Franciscan Action Network; Christian Reformed Church in North America, Office of Social Justice; and Council of Islamic Organizations of Greater Chicago in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National League of Cities, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, U.S. Conference of Mayors, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National League of Cities, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, U.S. Conference of Mayors, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of the Government
 

Brief for the National League of Cities, the National Association of Counties, the United States Conference of Mayors, the International Municipal Lawyers Association, the International City/County Management Association, and the American Planning Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National League of Cities, the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the National Association of Counties, the International City/County Management Association, and the International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, League of California Cities, California State Association of Counties, Washington State Association of Municipal Attorneys, and Association of Washington Cities in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Mining Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Native American Bar Association Supporting Affirmance
 

Brief for the National Network of Abortion Funds and 41 Member Abortion Funds in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Network to End Domestic Violence, et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Network to End Domestic Violence, the National Domestic Violence Hotline, the Domestic Violence Legal Empowerment and Appeals Project (DV Leap), Legal Momentum in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Organization of Counties, National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Organization of Veterans'?? Advocates, Inc.; the Federal Bar Association, Veterans Law Section; and Veterans for Common Sense in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Organization of Victims of Juvenile Lifers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Partnership For Women & Families, AARP, AFSCME International, American Civil Liberties Union, A Better Balance, National Employment Lawyers Association, National Senior Citizens Law Center, the National Women's Law Center, 9to5, National Association of Working Women, and Service Employees International Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Partnership for Women & Families, et al.,in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Physicians Alliance, American Academy of Nursing, Center for American Progress D/B/A Doctors for America, American Nurses Association, and Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Police Accountability Project in Suport of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Police Accountability Project in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Police Accountability Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Police Canine Association and Police K-9 Magazine in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Products Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Queer Asian Pacific Islander Alliance, Inc., and Others in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Republican Senatorial Committee and National Republican Congressional Committee Supporting Plaintiffs-Appellants
 

Brief for the National Restaurant Association in Support of Petitioner on the Severability Issue
 

Brief for the National Retail Federation, the Retail Litigation Center, Inc. and the National Association of Convenience Stores in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Rifle Association of America, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Rifle Association of America, Inc., and the California Rifle and Pistol Association Foundation, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Right to Life Committee in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Right to Work Legal Defense and Education Foundation, Inc. and Jeanette Geary in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National School Boards Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National School Boards Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National School Boards Association, Arizona School Boards Association, American Association of School Administrators, National Education Association, and Arizona Education Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The National School Boards Association, California School Boards Association and its Education Legal Alliance, Colorado Association of School Boards, and Horace Mann League in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National School Boards Association, Texas Association of School Boards Legal Assistance Assistance Fund, American Association of School Administrators, American School Counselors Association, Association of School Business Officials International, National Association of Secondary School Principals, and PDK International in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National School Boards Association, the California School Boards Association, and the Oregon School Boards Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National School Boards Association, the National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, the International City/County Management Association, International Municipal Lawyers Association, and the National Conference of State Legislatures in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Sheriffs' Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Taxpayers Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Vaccine Information Center, Its Co-Founders, and 24 Other Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Vaccine Information Center, the Vaccine Injured Petitioners Bar Association, and the George Washington University Law School Vaccine Injury Clinic in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Venture Capital Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Veteran Small Business Coalition, et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Veterans Legal Services Program in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Whistleblower Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Whistleblower Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Whistleblower Center, et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Wildlife Federation; the Nature Conservancy; Delaware Nature Society; Environmental League of Massachusetts; Indiana Wildlife Federation; Louisiana Wildlife Federation; Montana Wildlife Federation; Natural Resources Council of Maine; North Carolina Wildlife Federation; North Dakota Wildlife Federation; Citizens for Pennsylvania's Future; South Carolina Wildlife Federation; South Dakota Wildlife Federation; Tennessee Wildlife Federation; Vermont Natural Resources Council; West Virginia Rivers Coalition; Wisconsin Wildlife Federation; Montana Trout Unlimited; Council Trout Unlimited; River Management Society; Utah Stream Access Coalition and Western Resource Advocatesin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the National Women's Health Network, Reproductive Health Technologies Project, Disability Rights Legal Center, Forward Together, the Center for Genetics and Society, the Pro-Choice Alliance for Responsible Research, Alliance for Humane Biotechnology, G. Michael Roybal, Md, Mph, and Anne L. Peters, Md in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Women's Law Center and 47 Additional Organizations Committed to Equality and Economic Opportunity for Women in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Women's Law Center and Sixty-Eight Other Organizations in Support of the Government
 

Brief for the National Women's Law Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the National Women's Law Center, et al in Support of Petitioner on the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for the National Women's Law Center, Gay & Lesbian Advocates & Defenders, and Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc. et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Women...s Law Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the National Women...s Law Center, Williams Institute Scholars of Sexual Orientation and Gender Law, and Women...s Legal Groups in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the National Womens Law Center, et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the NationalAssociation of Manufacturers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Nationwide Coalition of Educators and Centers Working to Expand Educational Opportunity for African American Males in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Nationwide Public Projects Coalition, West Valley Water District of California, the Metropolitan Denver Water Authority of Colorado, Semitropic Water Storage District of California and the Wheeler Ridge-Maricopa Water Storage District of California in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Natoinal Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Natural Gas Supply Association, Western Power Trading Forum and Electric Power Supply Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Natural Resources Defense Council in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Natural Resources Defense Council, Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen's Associations, and Institute for Fisheries Resources in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Navajo Nation and Leonard Gorman in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Navajo Nation in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the Navajo Nation, Leonard Gorman, Anthony Wounded Head, Sr., and Oliver J. Semans, Sr., in Support of Respondents and Respondent-Intervenors
 

Brief for the Nevada Legislature in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the New England Journal of Medicine, the Massachusetts Medical Society, the National Physicians Alliance, and the American Medical Students Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the New England Legal Foundation and Associated Industries of Massachusetts
 

Brief for the New England Legal Foundation in Support of Judgment
 

Brief for the New England Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the New England Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the New England Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the New England Legal Foundation, the Associated Industries of Massachusetts, and the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the New Jersey and Seventeen Other States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the New York City Bar Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the New York City Municipal Labor Committee in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the New York Council of Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the New York County District Attorney's Office and the New York County Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the New York Law School Racial Justice Project in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the New York State Association of Chiefs of Police, Inc. and The New York State Sheriffs'?? Association Institute, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the New York State Bar Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the New York State Common Retirement Fund, New York City Employees'?? Retirement System, Board of Education Retirement System of the City of New York, New York Fire Department Pension Fund, New York City Police Pension Fund, and Teachers'?? Retirement System of the City of New York, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the New York University School of Law Family Defense Clinic, Child Advocacy Clinic, the Bronx Defenders, the Family Defense Project, and the Center for Family Representation, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the New Zealand Privacy Commissioner as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the NHS Consumer Law Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Non-State Respondents
 

Brief for the North American Securities Administrators Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the North Carolina State Bar, the North Carolina Board of Law Examiners, the West Virginia State Bar, the Nevada State Bar and the Florida Bar, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the North Coast Rivers Alliance, Desert Protection Society, the California Sportsfishing Protection Alliance, and Klamath Forest Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Northwest Environmental Advocates et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Northwest Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the of American College of Medical Genetics, the American Medical Association, the American Hospital Association, the American Society of Human Genetics, the Association of American Medical Colleges, the Association for Molecular Pathology, the Association of Professors of Human and Medical Genetics, the College of American Pathologists, the Florida Hospital Association, the Minnesota Hospital Association, and the Minnesota Medical Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Oklahoma Indian Child Welfare Association Supporting Affirmance
 

Brief for the Open Space Institute, Inc., and the Open Space Conservatory, Inc., and Audubon Society of New Hampshire in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Orange County Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Organization for International Investment and the Association of International Automobile Manufacturers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Organization for International Investment and the Association of International Automobile Manufacturers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Organization of American Historians and the American Studies Association in Support of Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Brief for the Organization of American Historians in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Orleans Parish Assistant District Attorneys in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Orleans Public Defenders Office in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Otoe-Missouria Tribe Of Indians, the Lac Vieux Desert Band Of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, the Mechoopda Indian Tribe Of Chico Rancheria, and the Big Valley Band Of Pomo Indians of the Big Valley Rancheria in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Ovarian Cancer National Alliance and its Partner Members in Support of the Government
 

Brief for the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund Alliance, its Partner Members and Scientific Advisors, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund Alliance, its Partner Members and Scientific Advisors, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association, Inc., and the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen's Associations, Institute for Fisheries Resources, Humboldt Fishermen's Marketing Association, and Santa Cruz Commercial Fishermen's Association in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for the Pacific Justice Institute and CPS Watch Legal Team in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation and the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation, CATO Institute, and Atlantic Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Pacific Research Institute, Individual Rights Foundation, and Reason Foundation in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for the Paraprofessional Healthcare Institute (PHI) in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Partnership for New York City in Support of Respondent Windsor and Affirmance of the Second Circuit
 

Brief for the Patent, Trademark, & Copyright Section of the Bar Association of the District of Columbia in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Peititoner New Jersey Thoroughbred Horsemen's Association, Inc.
 

Brief for the Pennsylvania Association for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Pennsylvania Center for the First Amendment and the Marion B. Brechner First Amendment Project in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Pension Rights Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Pension Rights Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Petitioner Agency for International Development, et al
 

Brief for the Petitioner Alejandra Tapia
 

Brief for the Petitioner Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services
 

Brief for the Petitioner Andrei Iancu, Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office
 

Brief for the Petitioner Bradley Weston Taggart
 

Brief for the Petitioner City of Hays, Kansas
 

Brief for the Petitioner Dennis Obduskey
 

Brief for the Petitioner Digital Realty Trust, Inc.
 

Brief for the Petitioner Federal Communications Commission, et al.
 

Brief for the Petitioner Gerald P. Mitchell
 

Brief for the Petitioner Helsinn Healthcare S.A.
 

Brief for the Petitioner Henry Schein, Inc.
 

Brief for the Petitioner Jamar Quarles
 

Brief for the Petitioner Kathleen Sebelius, Secretary of Health and Human Services
 

Brief for the Petitioner Laura Peter
 

Brief for the Petitioner Mark Janus
 

Brief for the Petitioner Michael J. Astrue, Commissioner of Social Security
 

Brief for the Petitioner Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors of All Title III Debtors (other than COFINA)
 

Brief for the Petitioner R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes, Inc.
 

Brief for the Petitioner Sergio Fernando Lagos
 

Brief for the Petitioner State of Kansas
 

Brief for the Petitioner State of Kansas
 

Brief for the Petitioner State of Washington
 

Brief for the Petitioner Upper Skagit Indian Tribe
 

Brief for the Petitioner Washington State Department of Licensing
 

Brief for the Petitioner, FTC
 

Brief for the Petitioner, Gregory P. Warger
 

Brief for the Petitioner, Jon Husted, Ohio Secretary of State
 

Brief for the Petitioner, Linda Metrish, Warden
 

Brief for the Petitioner, Olivea Marx
 

Brief for the Petitioner, United States
 

Brief for the Petitioner, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
 

Brief for the Petitioners Air and Liquid Systems Corp., et al.
 

Brief for the Petitioners and Respondents Nebraska, Tennessee, and Texas
 

Brief for the Petitioners Department of Commerce, et al.
 

Brief for the Petitioners Donald J. Trump, et al.
 

Brief for the Petitioners James Dawson and Elaine Dawson
 

Brief for the Petitioners Kirstjen M. Nielsen, Secretary of Homeland Security, et al.
 

Brief for the Petitioners Los Rovell Dahda and Roosevelt Rico Dahda
 

Brief for the Petitioners Nicole A. Dalmazzi, et al.
 

Brief for the Petitioners, Clifton Sandifer, et al
 

Brief for the Petitioners, Department of Homeland Security, et al.
 

Brief for the Petitioners, Ernst & Young LLP, et al.
 

Brief for the Petitioners, Jesus C. Hernandez, et al.
 

Brief for the Petitioners, Kerri L. Kaley and Brian P. Kaley
 

Brief for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (Phrma) in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America and the Advanced Medical Technology Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufactures of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Philadelphia Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Policemen's Benevolent Association, Local 249, Policemen's Benevolent Association, Local 199, Policemen's Benevolent Association, Local 177, Policemen's Benevolent Association, Local 109, and the Policemen's Benevolent Association, Local 167 inSupport of Respondent
 

Brief for the Policy Council on Law Enforcement and the Mentally Ill in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the President and Chancellors of the University of California in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the President and the Chancellors of the University of California in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council in Support Petitioner
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council, inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Product Liability Advisory Counsel, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Progress and Freedom Foundation and the Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Project on Government Oversight, the Brechner Center for Freedom of Information, and Tax Analysts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Property Casualty Insurers Association of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Public Broadcasting Service Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for the Public Citizen, the Center for Science in the Public Interest, Consumer Action, Public Good, U.S. PIRG, and New Hampshire PIRG in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Public Health Deans, Department Chairs, and Faculty and the American Public Health Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Public International Law & Policy Group in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Public Justice, P.C. and AARP Foundation Litigation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Public Knowledge, American Association of Law Libraries, American Free Trade Association, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Medical Library Association, and the Special Libraries Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Public Patent Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Public Patent Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Public Patent Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Puyallup Tribe of Indians; Southern Ute Indian Tribe; Navajo Nation; Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation; Sac and Fox Nation Tribal Court; Big Valley Band of Pomo Indians; Blue Lake Rancheria; Chemehuevi Indian Tribe; Chicken Ranch Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians; Rincon Band of Luiseno Mission Indians; Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians; Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community Tribal Court; Northwest Intertribal Court System; Southwest Intertribal Court of Appeals; American Indian Law Center, Inc.; The Michigan Tribal State Federal Judicial Forum; and National American Indian Court Judges Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Real Estate Services Provider's Council, Inc., (Respro) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Reporter'??s Committee for Freedom of the Press, the Student Press Law Center and 14 Other News Organization in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Reporter's Committee for Freedom of the Press '?? ALM Media, LLC, the American Society of News Editors, the Associated Press, the Association of American Publishers, Inc., Bay Area News Group, Bloomberg L.P., the Citizen Media Law Project, Daily News, L.P., Dow Jones & Company, Inc., The E.W. Scripps Company, the First Amendment Coalition, First Amendment Project, Gannett Co., Inc., NBC Universal, Inc., the National Press Photographers Association, Newspaper Association of America, the New York Times Co., NPR, Inc., the Society of Professional Journalists, Stephens Media LLC, Tribune Company, and the Washington Post in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Reporter's Committee for Freedom of the Press and the E.W. Scripps Company in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and 53 Media Organizations, Including Prominent Print, Broadcast, and Online Media Outlets, as Well as Leading Journalism Advocacy Organizations, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and Fifteen News Media Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and Nine Media Organizations, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and Society of Professional Journalists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and Ten News Media Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and Twenty-one News Media Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and Twenty-Three News Media Organizations in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, ALM Media, LLC, the American Society of News Editors, the Associated Press, Bloomberg L.P., Cable News Network, Inc., the Citizen Media Law Project, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., the E.W. Scripps Company, the First Amendment Coalition, the First Amendment Project, the National Press Club, the National Press Photographers Association, Newspaper Association of America, the Newspaper Guild '?? CWA, NPR, Inc., the Radio Television Digital News Association, the Society of Professional Journalists, Tribune Company and the Washington Post in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, the American Society of News Editors, the First Amendment Project, the National Press Photographers Association, the Radio-Television Digital News Association, the Society of Professional Journalists, and Student Press Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Republic of Haiti for Leave to Join the United Mexican States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Reserve Officers Association of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Respondent Archer and White Sales, Inc.
 

Brief for the Respondent in Opposition
 

Brief for the Respondent in Opposition
 

Brief for the Respondent ION Geophysical Corporation
 

Brief for the Respondent James Kraig Kahler
 

Brief for the Respondent Jefferson B. Session III, Attorney General
 

Brief for the Respondent Nancy A. Berryhill, Deputy Commisioner for Operations, Social Security Administration
 

Brief for the Respondent Nancy A. Berryhill, Deputy Commissioner for Operations, Social Security Administration
 

Brief for the Respondent Nancy A. Berryhill, Deputy Commissioner for Operations, Social Security Administration in Opposition
 

Brief for the Respondent Nancy A. Berryhill, Deputy Commissioner for Operations, Social Security Administration Supporting Reversal and Remand
 

Brief for the Respondent Paul Somers
 

Brief for the Respondent Securities and Exchange Commission
 

Brief for the Respondent Securities and Exchange Commission
 

Brief for the Respondent Securities and Exchange Commission in Opposition
 

Brief for the Respondent Supporting Reversal and Remand
 

Brief for the Respondent Tennessee Valley Authority
 

Brief for the Respondent the Kimberley Rice Kaestner 1992 Family Trust
 

Brief for the Respondent the State of Michigan
 

Brief for the Respondent United States
 

Brief for the Respondent William P. Barr
 

Brief for the Respondent, Eric H. Holder, Jr., Attorney Gerneral, et al.
 

Brief for the Respondent, Melissa Cloer
 

Brief For the Respondent, Securities and Exchange Commission
 

Brief for the Respondent, United States Department of Agriculture
 

Brief for the Respondent, United States of America
 

Brief for the Respondents
 

Brief for the Respondents Bert Frost, et al.
 

Brief for the Respondents Bert Frost, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief for the Respondents Gary Varjabedian, et al.
 

Brief For the Respondents Gary Varjabedian, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief for the Respondents McCarthy & Holthus LLP, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief for the Respondents Rick Harrison, et al.
 

Brief for the Respondents Sharline Lundgren and Ray Lundgren
 

Brief for the Respondents United States Postal Service, et al.
 

Brief for the Respondents United States Postal Service, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief for the Respondents Wall-Street.com, LLC, et al.
 

Brief for the Respondents Wall-Street.com, LLC, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief for the Respondents, Auburn Regional Medical Center
 

Brief for the Restoring Religious Freedom Project as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Retail Industry Leaders Association, the National Association of Chain Drug Stores, Amazon.com, Inc., Gamestop Corp., Quality King Distributors, Inc., Sam's West, Inc., and Target Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Retail Litigation Center, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Retail Litigation Center, Inc., Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, Society for Human Resource Management, National Association of Manufacturers, and National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Retail LItigation Center, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for The Right Honourable Lord Goldsmith QC And 252 Other Members of Both Houses of Parliament of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the European Parliament, The Scottish Parliament, and The Welsh Assembly in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rio Tinto Group and Occidential Petroleum Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Robert R. McCormick Foundation and the Cantigny Foundation in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the Royal Manticoran Navy: The Official Honor Harrington Fan Association, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Ruffed Groused Society in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Rutgers Law School Constitutional Litigation Clinic in Support of Petitioner on Reargument of the Case
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute and the Cato Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute and the National Motorist Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support Of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for The Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for The Rutherford Institute in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for the Rutherford Institute, in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the San Diego Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the School of the Ozarks, Inc. D/B/A College of the Ozarks in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Seattle Floating Homes Association and the Floating Homes Association of Sausalito in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Securities Industries and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association and the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association and the Chamber of Commerce of The United States of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association and the Clearing House Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association and the Clearing House Association L.L.C. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma in Support of the Respondents, Birth Father and the Cherokee Nation
 

Brief for the Seminole Tribe of Florida in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Sentencing Project and the American Civil Liberties Union in Support Of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Service Employees International Union in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Sightsound Technologies, LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Sikh Coalition and Muslim Public Affairs Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Society for Human Resource Management and the College and University Professional Association for Human Resources in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Society for Human Resource Management in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Society of American Foresters; National Association of State Foresters; Association of Consulting Foresters of America, Inc.; National Association of Forest Service Retirees; Forestry Schools; and Academics and Forestry Professionals in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Society of American Law Teachers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Society of American Law Teachers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Society of Catholic Social Scientists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Software & Information Industry Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Software and Information Industry Association (SIIA) in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Software Freedom Law Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Software Freedom Law center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the South Dakota Bankers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Southeastern Legal Foundation, Inc., Ross McKitrick, Ph.D., Laurence I. Gould, Ph.D., and Patrick J. Michaels, Ph.D. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Southern Baptist Convention Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission, the International Mission Board, and Dr. R. Albert Mohler, Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Southern Coalition for Social Justice in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Southern Company in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Southern Poverty Law Center, the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, and the Human Rights Defense Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives and President Pro Tempore of the Alabama Senate in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, John Boehner, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State and Local Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the State Bar of Texas Bankruptcy Law Section in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the State Bar of Texas in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the State National Bank of Big Spring, the Competitive Enterprise Institute, and the 60 Plus Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State of Alaska as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State Of Arizona and the State Of Oregon in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State of Arkansas in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for The State Of Arkansas, State Of Alabama, State Of Arizona, State Of Colorado, State Of Connecticut, State Of Delaware, State Of Florida, State Of Georgia, State Of Hawaii, State Of Idaho, State Of Indiana, State Of Kansas
 

Brief for the State of California in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the State of California Supporting Affirmance
 

Brief for the State of Indiana and 39 Indiana Public School Corporations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the State of Indiana and 39 Indiana Public School Corporations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the State of Kansas and Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the State of Louisiana and 28 Other States and the Territory of Guam in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State of Mexico Department of Health, Scientific Laboratory Division in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State of Michigan and 11 Other States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the State of Michigan and Seventeen Other States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the State of Michigan and Twenty-nine Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the State Of Michigan in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the State of Michigan, 22 States, and 1 Territory in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State of Michigan, Eighteen Other States, and One Territory in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the State of Nebraska, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the State of Nevada and 29 States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State of New Hampshire in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the State of Ohio and 21 Other States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the State of Ohio and 21 Other States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the State of Ohio and 41 Other States, the District of Columbia, and Guam in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State of Oklahoma in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the State of Tennessee, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employers
 

Brief for the State of West Virginia and 43 Other States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the State of Wisconsin in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the State of Wisconsin, Eighteen Other States, and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State of Wyoming in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the State ofArgentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay For Leave To Join the United Mexican States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the State Petitioners
 

Brief for the State Public Policy Research Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the State Respondents
 

Brief for the State Respondents
 

Brief for the State Respondents
 

Brief for the States of Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Wyoming as Amici Curiae in Support
 

Brief for the States of Alabama, Colorado, Florida, South Carolina, Texas, and Utah in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, Wyoming, Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Alaska, Wyoming, Hawaii, South Carolina, Virginia, North Dakota, Nebraska, Arizona, Colorado, and Michigan in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Arizona, Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Arizona, Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Nevada, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Utah in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Arizona, Alabama, Arkansas, Idaho, Kansas, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Utah, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Arizona, Alabama, Georgia, Oklahoma, and West Virginia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Arizona, Alaska, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Maine, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington and Wisconsin in Support of Respondents Birth Father and the Cherokee Nation
 

Brief for the States of Arizona, et al., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Arizona, Hawaii, Illinois, and Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Arizona, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Montana, New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, and Washington in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Arkansas, Arizona, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, & West Virginia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of California, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, District Of Columbia, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of California, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of California, Alaska, Arizona, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Ohio, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Washington, West Virginia, and Wyoming and the District of Columbia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and the District of Columbia, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of California, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, Oregon, and Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of California, Hawai'i, Illinois, Iowa, New Mexico, Oregon, and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of California, Massachusetts, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of Colorado, Idaho, Indiana, Michigan, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of Connecticut, Iowa, Maine, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, the New England Conference of Public Utilities Commissioners, the Public Utilities Commission of the State of California, the Public Service Commission of the District of Columbia, the Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission, the Vermont Public Service Board, the National Association of State Utility Consumer Advocates, the Maryland Office of People~s Counsel and the New Jersey Division of Rate Counsel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Delaware, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Florida, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Florida, Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Guam, Idaho, Kentucky, Louisiana, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Florida, Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Montana, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Utah in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Florida, Alabama, Colorado, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Mississippi, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, West Virginia and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Hawaii, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, New Hampshire, New York, and Oregon, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Illinois and Minnesota in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Illinois Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of Illinois, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Mississippi, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the states of Illinois, Alaska, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia and Wyoming and the District of Columbia in Support of Petition
 

Brief for the States of Illinois, Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, and Wyoming and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Illinois, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Hawaii, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming and the District of Columbia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Illinois, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and West Virginia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Illinois, Maryland, Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, Tennessee, and Vermont and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Indiana, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Indiana, Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Indiana, Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Montana, New Mexico, South Carolina, Utah, Washington and Wyoming in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Indiana, Alabama, Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah and Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Indiana, Michigan, Alabama, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, & Washington in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Indiana, Virginia, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, West Virginia and Wisconsin in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Kansas, Arizona, Missouri, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Louisiana, Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia in Support of Appellant
 

Brief for the States of Maryland, Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Idaho, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Nebraska, Nevada, North Carolina, Nevada, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Maryland, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, New Mexico, New York, Oregon and Vermont and the District of Columbia in Support of Petitioners Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for the States of Massachusetts, Alabama, Alaska, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, and Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Mississippi, Colorado, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, and Washington in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of Missouri, Alaska, California, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington, and West Virginia in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of New Hampshire, Washington, Hawaii, South Carolina, Oregon, Nevada, and Tennessee in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of New Mexico, Oregon, and Washington in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of New York, Alaska, California, Delaware, Hawai'i, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington, in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the States of New York, Alaska, California, Delaware, Hawai'i, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Washington, and Wisconsin, and the District of Columbia, as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of New York, Alaska, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawai...i, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of New York, Alaska, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia and Washington, and the District of Columbia as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of New York, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Washington, And Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of New York, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of New York, Arkansas, Delaware, Hawaii, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont, and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of New York, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington, and the District of Columbia as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of New York, California, Connecticut, Delware, Hawai'i, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, New Mexico, Oregon, and Washington, and the District of Columbia as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of New York, California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Vermont, Washington and the Territory of the U.S. Virgin Islands in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of New York, California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Vermont in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of New York, California, Mississippi, and North Carolina in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of New York, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawai'i, Illinois, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nebraskam Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and Washington, and the District of Columbia, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of New York, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawai'i, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington, and the District of Columbia as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of New York, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Vermont, and The District of Columbia, and the Cities of Baltimore, Bridgeport, Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia as Respondents in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of New York, et al.
 

Brief for the States of North Carolina, Illinois, Maryland, and Massachusetts in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of Ohio, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Guam, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Oklahoma, Wyoming, Utah, Michigan, Arizona, and Alabama in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States Of Oregon, Alaska, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington, And The District of Columbia in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Oregon, Alaska, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, and the District of Columbia as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the States of Oregon, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Washington, Arkansas, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, and Territory of Guam in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Oregon, Washington, Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Pennsylvania, Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of South Carolina and Utah in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of South Carolina, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Colorado Delaware, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Tennessee, Arizona, Georgia, Hawai'i, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Tennessee, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Rhode Island, Texas, and Utah as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of Texas et al.
 

Brief for the States of Texas et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington and Wisconsin in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, and West Virginia, Paul R. LePage, Governor of Maine, and Phil Bryant, Governor of Mississippi as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Utah, and West Virginia as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Idaho, Louisiana, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, the Commonwealth of Kentucky, by and through Governor Matthew G. Bevin, and Paul R. LePage, Governor of Maine, as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Nebraska, South Carolina, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, West Virginia, Wyoming, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and the Commonwealth of Kentucky
 

Brief for The States Of Texas, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Nebraska, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia, And Wisconsin in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Texas, et al.
 

Brief for the States of Texas, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Texas, Ohio, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, West Virginia, and Wisconsin in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Vermont, Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, Wyoming and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Washington, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, and the District of Columbia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Washington, Alabama, Alaska, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming, and the Territory of United States Virgin Islands in Support of Respondent Amy Unknown
 

Brief for the States of Washington, Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, New Mexico, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Virginia in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the States of Washington, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawai'i, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and the District of Columbia in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the States of Washington, Delaware, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, Ohio, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the states of West Virginia, Alabama and 12 other states in Support of Responde
 

Brief for the States of Wisconsin, Alabama, Colorado, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the States ofTexas, Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Illinois, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Dakota, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, and Guam in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Stein Center for Law and Ethics in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Stewart Information Services Corporation, Fidelity National Financial Inc., and Old Republic National Title Insurance Company in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Student Press Law Center and College Broadcasters, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Student Press Law Center, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, and Pen American Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Tarrant County Criminal District Attorney, et al., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Tax Economists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Tax Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Tax Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Tennessee Valley Authority as Respondent Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the Tennessee Valley Authority in Opposition
 

Brief for the Texas Association of Counties, the Texas Municipal League, the Texas Municipal League Intergovernmental Risk Pool, the Texas Conference of Urban Counties, and the Texas Chief Deputies Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Texas Eagle Forum, Texas Right to Life, and Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Texas Senate Hispanic Caucus and the Texas House of Representatives Mexican American Legislative Caucus in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Texas Values and 3801 Lancaster Film Project in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Texas Water Conservation Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Text and Academic Authors Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the the American Library Association, the Association of College and Research Libaries, and the Association of Research Libraries in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression and the Media Institute in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for the Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression and the Media Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Thomas Jefferson Center For The Protection of Free Expression in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression, the Marion B. Brechner First Amendment Project, and the Pennsylvania Center for the First Amendment in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression, the Pennsylvania Center for the First Amendment, Cartoonists Rights Network International, and Chris Dickey in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the Thomas Jefferson Institute for Public Policy in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the Thomas More Law Center and Chuck Storey, Imperial County Clerk, in Support of Petitioners (Addressing the Merits)
 

Brief for the Thomas More Law Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the TOUSA Liquidation Trustee in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Transgender Law Center, Southerners on New Ground, GSA Network, and Translatina Network as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Tribal Respondents
 

Brief for the Tribune Company 401(K) Savings Plan, the Tribune Company Defined Contribution Retirement Plan, the Tribune Company Master Retirement Savings Trust, and the Times Mirror Savings Plus Plan in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the U.S. House of Representatives as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for the U.S. Justice Foundation, Eberle Communications Group, Public Advocate of the U.S., Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Institute on the Constitution, Policy Analysis Center, Southwest Prophecy Ministries, Daniel Chapter One, and Virginia Delegate Bob Marshall in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the U.S. Women's Chamber of Commerce and the National Gay & Lesbian Chamber of Commerce in Support of Kathleen Sebelius et al.
 

Brief for the U.S. Women's Chamber of Commerce, the National Partnership for Women & Families, and the California Women's Lawyers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Union Respondents
 

Brief for the United Food and Commercial Workers International Union, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations and Change in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United Mexican States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United Mexican States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United Negro College Fund and National Urban League in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United Spinal Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Affirmance in No. 17-1618 and Reversal in No. 17-1623
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner Upper Skagit Indian Tribe
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner, County of Maui, Hawaii
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners Animal Science Products, Inc., et al.
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners in Nos. 16-285 and 16-300 and Supporting Respondents in No. 16-307
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent City of Riviera Beach, Florida
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent R. Scott Appling
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for the United States as Appellee in Support of Appellants
 

Brief for The United States As in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States as Respondent Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States as Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, the Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church and the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Institutional Religious Freedom Alliance, World Vision Inc., Catholic Relief Services, Family Research Council, Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities, Thomas More Society, and the Cardinal Newman Society in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Texas Catholic Conference, National Association of Evangelicals, the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod, the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, and the Southern Baptist Convention, and the Southern Baptists of Texas Convention in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States Conference Of Catholic Bishops, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Lutheran Immigration and Refugee Service, and Rev. Gradye Parsons as Stated Clerk of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States Council for International Business in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States House of Representatives in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Opposition
 

Brief for the United States in Opposition
 

Brief for the United States in Opposition
 

Brief for the United States in Opposition
 

Brief for the United States in Opposition
 

Brief for the United States in Opposition
 

Brief for the United States in Opposition
 

Brief for the United States in Partial Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the United States in Support in Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Affirmance in Part and Reversal in Part
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Appellees
 

Brief For The United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Partial Reversal
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitio
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for The United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for The United States in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the United States In Support Of Reversal in Part and Vacatur in Part
 

Brief for the United States in Support of the Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Vacatur and Remand
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Vacatur and Remand
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Vacatur and Remand
 

Brief for the United States in Support Of Vacatur and Remand
 

Brief for the United States in Support of Vacatur in Part and Affirmance in Part
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for the United States of America in Support Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of American in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States of American in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States Office of Special Counsel in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the United States Senate in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States Senate in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the United States Supporting Affirmance
 

Brief for the United States Supporting Affirmance in Part and Vacatur in Part
 

Brief for the United States Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief for the United States Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief for the United States Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States Supporting Respondent
 

Brief for the United States Supporting Reversal and Remand
 

Brief for the United Technologies Corporation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for the Unity Semiconductor Corporation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the University of Alabama at Birmingham, University of Arkansas, Boston Medical Center, Brigham and Women'??s Hospital University of Chicago Medical Center, Christiana Care Health Services, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Emory University, Franklin Square Hospital, George Washington University, Georgetown University Hospital, Good Samaritan Hospital, Harbor Hospital, Johns Hopkins University, McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University, Maine Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Michigan State University, Montefiore Medical Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine/Mount Sinai Hospital, National Rehabilitation Hospital, New York Medical College, New York University School of Medicine, University of North Dakota, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Rochester, Saint Louis University, University of Southern California, Medical University of South Carolina, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Stanford University, Thomas Jefferson University, Union Memorial Hospital, Vanderbilt University, Washington Hospital Center, and Yale-New Haven Hospital in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the University of Massachusetts Biologic Laboratories in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the University of Michigan in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the University of Texas School of Law Capital Punishment Clinic and University of Houston Law Center Death Penalty Clinic in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the University of Texas System in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the USA in Support of Vacatur and Remand
 

Brief for the Vermont Medical Society, the New Hampshire Medical Society, the Maine Medical Association, the Medical Association of Georgia, the American Academy of Family Practitioners and the American Academy of Pediatrics in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Veterans of the Mississippi Civil Rights Movement in Support of Respondents and Intervenor-Respondents
 

Brief for the Victim Rights Law Center, Renee Devesty, et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Village of Hobart, Wisconsin and Pender Public Schools in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Virgin Islands Bar Association (VIBA) in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the Virginia State Conference of the NAACP in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs, the Employment Justice Center, and Employment Litigators in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation and the Allied Education Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation and the National Association of Manufacturers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation, National Association of Manufacturers, International Association of Defense Counsel, and NFIB Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation, the Allied Education Foudation, and the CATO Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Western Center for Journalism Supporting Petitioner on the the Severability Issue
 

Brief for the Wet Weather Partnership, South Carolina Water Quality Association, North Carolina Water Quality Association, West Virginia Municipal Water Quality Association, Virginia Association of Municipal Wastewater Agencies, National Association of Clean Water Agencies, and the City of New York in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the William Mitchell College of Law Intellectual Property Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the William Mitchell College of Law Intellectual Property Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Wisconsin Institute for Law & Liberty in Support of the Appellants
 

Brief for the Workers' Injury Law & Advocacy Group in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Wyoming Liberty Group in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Wyoming Retirement System and the Indiana Public Retirement System in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the XIV Foundation and Supporters of Civil Rights Initiatives in Michigan, Arizona, California, Colorado, Nebraska, New Hampshire, and Washington, in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for the Yahoo! Inc., Ebay Inc., Electronic Arts Inc., General Motors LLC, Hewlett Packard Company, McAfee, Inc., Red Hat, Inc., and Symantec Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Yale Law School Center for Global Legal Challenges in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for the Yankee Institute for Public Policy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Zionist Organization of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for the Zionist Organization of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for theAmerican Library Association, Association of College and Research Libraries, Association of Research Libraries, University of Michigan Dean of Libraries, Internet Archive and Wikimedia Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for theAmerican Medical Association, American Dental Association, of Pediatrics, the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Academy of Family Physicians and the American College of Emergency Physiciansin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for theCalifornia Sportfishing Protection Alliance, Big Blackfoot Riverkeeper, the North Coast Rivers Alliance, and the Klamath Forest Alliance in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for theElectronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC), Thirty-Two Technical Experts and Legal Scholars, and Eight Privacy and Transparency Organizationsin Support of Respondent
 

Brief for theNational Council of La Raza, United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce, the Hispanic National Bar Association, Los Abogados Hispanic Bar Association, and National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Theologians and Ethicists in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Thirteen Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Thirty-Seven Scholars of Federalism and Judicial Restraint in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Thirty-Six Admiralty and Maritime Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Thomas J. Shoenbaum, J.D., PhD., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression, The Marion B. Brechner First Amendment Project, the National Coalition Against Censorship, and the Pennsylvania Center for the First Amendment in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Thomas Mann and Norman Ornstein in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Thomas More Law Center and Center for Security Policy in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief for Thomas R. Phillips, Wallace B. Jefferson, Perry O. Hopper, Sr., and Sue Bell Cobb, in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Thyssenkrupp Budd Company in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Tim Blackwell, D.V.M. and Kristie Mozzachio, D.V.M. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Time Inc. and Seven Media Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Time Warner Inc. and Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Timex Group USA, Inc., MacDermid, Inc., Gem Manufacturing, Inc., Perfect 10 Antenna Company, Inc., and Carson Optical, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Tony Dutra in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Tort Law Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Torts Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Torts Professors Mary J. Davis, Heidi Li Feldman, Thomas C. Galligan, Jr., Mark P. Gergen, and Jon Hanson in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Towercom V, LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Towing and Recovery Association of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Toyota Economic-Loss Plaintiffs in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Trading Technologies International, Inc., Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P., Cummins Inc., Scientific Games Corporation, Align Technology, Inc., et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Trans Union LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Trans Union LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Transgender Legal Defense & Education Fund and 33 Organizations Serving Transgender Individuals as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent Aimee Stephens
 

Brief for TransUnion LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Trinity Baptist Church in Support of Jacksonville in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Trinity Health in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for True Torah Jews Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Trust Law and ERISA Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for TV Azteca, S.A.B. De C.V., Patricia Chapoy, and Publimax, S.A. De C.V. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Twelve Organizations Dedicated to the Fight for Reproductive Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for U.S. Border Control, U.S. Border Control Foundation, Policy Analysis Center, the Institute on the Constitution, the Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, the Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners Foundation, English First, English First Foundation, Virginia Delegate Bob Marshall, Oklahoma Representative Charles Key, and Wyoming Senator Kit Jennings in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for U.S. Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for U.S. Congressman Steve Stockman, Gun Owners Fdn., Gun Owners of America, Citizens United's American Sovereignty Action Project, U.S. Justice Fdn., The Lincoln Institute, Institute on the Constitution, the Abraham Lincoln Fdn., Downsize Dc Fdn., Downsizedc.Org, Policy Analysis Center, Conservative Legal Def. and Ed. Fund, and Tenth Amendment Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for U.S. Justice Foundation, Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of California, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Institute on the Constitution in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for U.S. Justice Foundation, Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Institute on the Constitution in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for U.S. Justice Foundation, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Free Speech Defense and Education Fund, Free Speech Coalition, Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Abraham Lincoln Foundation, Institute on the Constitution, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Policy Analysis Center, Downsize DC Foundation,and DownsizeDC.org in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for U.S. Representative John L. Mica in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for U.S. Reps. Lamar Smith, Brian Bilbray, Dan Burton, Trent Franks, Wally Herger, Duncan Hunter, Steve King, Tom Mcclintock, Ted Poe, Dana Rohrabacher, Ed Royce, and David Schweikert, Washington Legal Foundation, and Allied Educational Foundation in Support Of Petitioners
 

Brief for U.S. Senator Charles Grassley in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for U.S. Senators Harry Reid, Richard Blumenthal, Corey Booker, Barbara Boxer, Christopher A. Coons, Richard J. Durbin, Dianne Feinstein, Al Franken, Barbara A. Mikulski, and Patty Murray in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for U.S. Women's Chamber of Commerce, Greater New York Chamber of Commerce, Kingston 11 Cuisine, Learning Express, Inc., Main Street Alliance, the Shuchart Group, and Tigress Financial Partners in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Umme-Hani Khan in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Unified Patents Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Unified Patents Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Union de Trabajadores de la Industria Electrica y Riego, Inc. (UTIER) in Opposition
 

Brief for Union of Concerned Scientists in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Union of Concerned Scientists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations, Union for Reform Judaism, Muslim Advocates, Hindu American Foundation, National Council of Jewish Women, Central Conference of American Rabbis, Women of Reform Judaism, Blue Mountain Lotus Society, and Rabbi Simeon Kolko in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Unitarian Universalist Association; the Shalom Center; the Province of the Immaculate Conception of the Congregation of the Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Conception; the New Evangelical Partnership for the Common Good; the National Catholic Rural Life Conference; the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate; Maryknoll Office for Global Concerns; the Jewish Reconstructionist Federation; Interfaith Power and Light; General Synod of the United Church of Christ; the Franciscan Action Network; the Columban Center for Advocacy and Outreach; and Church World Service in Support of Respondents and Urging Affirmance
 

Brief for United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United Mexican States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United Policyholders, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United Policyholders, the Arizona Association for Justice, the Utah Association for Justice, the San Francisco Trial Lawyers Association, the Minnesota Association for Justice, the South Dakota Trial Lawyers Association, the New Jersey Association for Justice and the New York State Trial Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for United States Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States Conference of Catholic Bishops in Support of Petitioners and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for United States Conference Of Catholic Bishops, Catholic Charities USA, Catholic Relief Services, The National Catholic Educational Association, and Association Of Catholic Colleges and Universities in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, Christian Legal Society, Council for Christian Colleges & Universities, Center for Arizona Policy, and Association for Biblical Higher Education in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for United States in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for United States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for United States in Support of Vacatur in Part and Reversal in Part
 

Brief for United States Justice Foundation, Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America Inc., Lincoln Institute, Abraham Lincoln Foundation, Institute on the Constitution, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States Public Interest Research Group Education Fund, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for United States Public Interest Research Group Education Fund, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for United States Public Interest Research Group Education Fund, Inc., Center for Responsible Lending, Conusmer Federation of America, Consumers Union, National Association of Consumer Advocates, National Consumer Law Center and Public Citizen, Inc. As Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for United States Senators Marco Rubio, Lamar Alexander, John Barrasso, Roy Blunt, John Boozman, Richard Burr, Saxby Chambliss, Jeff Chiesa, Dan Coats, Bob Corker, John Cornyn, Mike Crapo, Ted Cruz, Mike Enzi, Deb Fischer, Lindsey Graham, Orrin Hatch, John Hoeven, Jim Inhofe, Johnny Isakson, Mike Johanns, Ron Johnson, Mary Landrieu, Mike Lee, Mitch McConnell, Jerry Moran, Rob Portman, Jim Risch, Pat Roberts, Tim Scott, John Thune, Pat Toomey, David Vitter, And Roger Wicker in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for United States Senators Orrin G. Hatch, Dianne Feinstein, Charles E. Grassley, Edward J. Markey, John McCain, Patty Murray, and Charles E. Schumer in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United States Supporting Vacatur
 

Brief for United States Telecom Association and Network Engineers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for United We Dream in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for University Faculty for Life and Texas Alliance for Life Trust Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for University of Baltimore/Johns Hopkins University Center for Medicine & Law, and Law Professors Gregory Dolin, M.D., et al. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for University Patent Owners and Licensees in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Upper Trinity Regional Water District in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Urban Historian Leo Hollis in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Urethanes Plaintiffs in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Urska Velikonja and Joseph A. Grundfest as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Utah and 24 Other States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Utah Pride Center, Campaign for Southern Equality, Equality Federation and Twenty-Five State-Wide Equality Organizations
 

Brief for Utah, Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Washington, and Wyoming, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Utam, Ltd. and DSDBL, Ltd. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Utility Air Regulatory Group and American Forest & Paper Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Uyghur American Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Vaccine Injured Petitioners Bar Association, The George Washington University Law School Vaccine Injury Clinic, and Zenoria Phillips Deloatch, As Personal Representative of The Estate of Moshella F. Roberts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Various Former Tribune and Lyondell Shareholders as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Venture Capital Firms, Aberdare Ventures, Affinity Capital, Alta Partners, Arch Ventures, Asset Management Company, Atlas Ventures, Canaan Partners, Delphi Ventures, HLM Venture Partners, Kearny Venture Partners, Latterell Venture Partners, New Enterprise Associates, Prospect Venture Partners, Thomas, Mcnerney & Partners, U.S. Venture Partners, Venrock, Venture Investors, LLC, Versant Ventures, and the Vertical Group in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Verizon Communications Inc., Google Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co., and HTC Corp., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Verizon Communications, Inc., and Hewlett Packard Company in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Verizon in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Verizon in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Vermont, Nebraska, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Iowa, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, Washington and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Veterans for Common Sense in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Veterans of Foreign Wars and Operation Firing for Effect in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States; Amvets; Disabled American Veterans; Jewish War Veterans of the United States; Military Order of the World Wars; Vietnam Veterans of America; Military Officers Association of America; Non-Commissioned Officers Association; National Association for Uniformed Services; Association of the United States Army; Association of the United States Navy; Air Force Association; Marine Corps League; Air Force Women Officers Associated; Reserve Officers Association; Army Reserve Association; Fleet Reserve Association; National Guard Association of the United States; Military Order of the Purple Heart; Distinguished Flying Cross Society; Special Forces Association; U.S. Army Ranger Association, Inc.; Flag and General Officers' Network; West Point Association of Graduates; and Association of Graduates, U.S. Air Force Academy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Viacom Inc., Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc., Independent Film & Television Alliance, International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, Moving Picture Technicians, Artists and Allied Crafts of the United States, its Territories and Canada, AFL-CIO, CLC, The National Association of Broadcast Employees and Technicians-The Broadcasting and Cable Television Workers Sector of the Communications Workers of America, International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, AFL-CIO, and International Brotherhood of Teamsters In Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Victims of the Hungarian Holocaust in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Viega Gmbh & Co. Kg and Viega International Gmbh in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Village of Union Springs, Town of Springport, and Cayuga County as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Vindicia, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Virginia Christian Alliance, Concerned Women for America, Congressional Prayer Caucus Foundation, Frederick Douglass Foundation of Virginia, the Valley Family Forum, Fredericksburg Rappahannock Evangelical Alliance, the Black Robe Regiment of Virginia and Members of the Virginia Senate and Virginia House of Delegates in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Virginia in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Virginia Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Virginia State Conference of the NAACP in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Virginia State Delegates Mark Berg, Bob Marshall, and David LaRock, Virginia State Senator Dick Black, U.S. Justice Foundation, Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, Abraham Lincoln Foundation, Institute on the Constitution, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Policy Analysis Center in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Vivendi S.A. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Volunteer Lawyers for the Arts, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for VoteVets Action Fund as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Wallbuilders, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Wallbuilders, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Wallbuilders, Inc. in Support of the Petitioner and Supporting Reversal
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support Of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Respondent on Reargument
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation and Steven J. Willis in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation, Allied Educational Foundation, and International Association of Defense Counsel in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation, Allied Educational Foundation, and International Association of Defense Counsel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Washington Legal Foundation, International Association of Defense Counsel, and Federation of Defense & Corporate Counsel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Washington, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Washington, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Idaho, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Virginia in Support of Appellees
 

Brief for Wayland Township, Wayland Area Chamber of Commerce and Other Local Governments and Business Associations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Wayne County, Michigan in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Wayne County, Michigan in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Wayne County, Michigan in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Wayne County, Michigan in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Wayne County, Michigan in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for We All Help Patients, Inc. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Wesley MacNeil Oliver in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Western Coalition of Arid States ("Westcas") in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Western Division of the American Fisheries Society et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Western Urban Water Coalition, City and County of Denver, Acting By and Through its Board of Water Commissioners, Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District, Lower Arkansas Valley Water Conservancy District, City of Aurora, City of Colorado Springs, Central Arizona Water Conservation District, City of Phoenix Water Services Department, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, East Bay Municipal Utility District, Santa Clara Valley Water District, Southern Nevada Water Authority, Truckee Meadows Water Authority, Metropolitan Water District of Salt Lake & Sandy, and Central Utah Water Conservancy District in Support of Petitioner Los Angeles County Flood Control District
 

Brief for Whirlpool Corp. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Whirlpool Corporation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Wilbur and Kathryn Hardy; Idelle Collins; Craig Tompkins; Kirtland Farms 600, LLC; Mary Caldwell; Cris Caldwell; Caldwell Family LLC; and Robert and Marilyn Malloy in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Wilfredo Lora in Support Of Petitioners
 

Brief for William G. Moore, Jr., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for William Mitchell College of Law Intellectual Property Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for William N. Eskridge, Jr., John A. Ferejohn, Charles Fried, Lisa Marshall Manheim, and David A. Strauss in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for William P. Barr, Benjamin R. Civiletti, Edwin Meese III, Michael B. Mukasey, Dick Thornburgh, and the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for William R. Weinstein in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for William Webster, Thomas Kean, John Danforth, Peter Keisler, Carter Phillips, Brackett Denniston, Michael Castle, Ray Lahood, Connie Morella, Christopher Shays, Christine Todd Whitman, Stanley Twardy, and Richard Bernstein as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Wilton Dedge, Herman Atkins, Jennifer Thompson, and Michele Mallin in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Wing F. Chau as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Winston Wen-Young Wong in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation et al. in Support of Affirming the Federal Circuit
 

Brief for Wisconsin and Seventeen Other States, the District Of Columbia, Guam, and the National District Attorneys Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Wisconsin Respondents
 

Brief for Wisconsin Tribes in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Wolfsen Land & Cattle Co., et al., in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Women Speak for Themselves in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Women's and Children's Advocacy Project and Justice for Children in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for Women's Prison Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Women's Rights Organizations and Individuals in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Wood, Herron & Evans, LLP in Support of Respondent
 

Brief for Workers' Injury Law & Advocacy Group in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for World Vision Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Yahoo! Inc. in Support of Reversal
 

Brief for Yahoo! Inc., the New York Times Company, Netapp, Inc., Medtronic, Inc., General Mills, Inc., EMC Corporation, and Boston Scientific Corporation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief for Yale Law School Center for Global Legal Challenges in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Yale Law School Information Society Project Scholars and Other Experts in the Law of Privacy and Technology in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief for Yale Law School Information Society Project Scholars, New America Foundation, and Professor Monroe Price in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief for Yale Rudd Center For Food Policy & Obesity, Public Health Law & Policy, Berkeley Media Studies Group, Public Health Law Center, Center for Digital Democracy, and Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief for Young Invincibles in Support of Petitioner Regarding the Minimum Coverage Provision
 

Brief for National Association of Home Builders in Support of Respondents
 

Brief for the League Of California Cities and the Association of Counties in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief forAlaska in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief forAmerican Council of Life Insurers, America's Health Insurance Plans, and the Chamber of Commerce of the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief forCourt-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief forDennis K. Burke, Former United States Attorney, District of Arizona; Paul K. Charlton, Former United States Attorney, District of Arizona; Thomas B. Heffelfinger, Former United States Attorney, District of Minnesota; David C. Iglesias, Former United States Attorney, District of New Mexico; Brendan V. Johnson, Former United States Attorney, District of South Dakota; and Timothy Q. Purdon, Former
 

Brief forIllinois, Alaska, Connecticut, Hawaii, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington in Support of Respondents
 

Brief forJustice and Freedom Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief forLower Sioux Indian Community, Bois Forte Band of Chippewa, Prairie Island Indian Community, Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, White Earth Band of Ojibew, the Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community, the Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Upper Sioux Community, the Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe, the Mille Lacs Band of Ojibew, the Red Lake Nation, the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, and the Indian Child Welfare Act Law Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief forNAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., and the National Women's Law Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief forNational Health Law Program, AARP, Service Employees International Union, National Legal Aid and Defender Association, Sargent Shriver National Center on Poverty Law, National Disability Rights Network, DisAbility Rights Idaho, Center for Medicare Advocacy, National Senior Citizens Law Center, First Focus, National Center for Youth Law, National Center for Law and Economic Justice, National Housing Law Project, National Women's Law Center, Planned Parenthood Federation of America, National Family Planning & Reproductive Health Association, National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health, Asian Americans Advancing Justice - Los Angeles, and Southern Poverty Law Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief forNational Latina/o Psychological Association, Asian-American Psychological Association, Association of Black Psychologists, and Society of Indian Psychologists in Support of Respondent
 

Brief forOhio Chamber of Commerce, Colorado Mining Association, and Ohio Coal Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief forPetitionerUnited States
 

Brief forRespondent Commissioner of Internal Revenue
 

Brief forRespondent Ernest Gonzales
 

Brief forRespondent Teresa Sheehan
 

Brief forRespondent United States
 

Brief forTexas in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief forthe National Senior Citizens Law Centerand the National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives in Support of Respondents
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition
 

Brief in Opposition for Private Respondents
 

Brief in Opposition for Respondent Aimee Stephens
 

Brief in Opposition for Respondent Gilbert P. Hyatt
 

Brief in Opposition for Respondent Nantkwest, Inc.
 

Brief in Opposition for Respondent Tennessee Fine Wines and Spirits, LLC, dba Total Wine Spirits Beer & More
 

Brief in Opposition for Respondents Dulce Garcia, et al.
 

Brief in Opposition for Respondents Martin Jonathan Batalla Vidal, et al.
 

Brief in Opposition for the States of California, Maine, Maryland, and Minnesota
 

Brief in Opposition for the States of New York, et al.
 

Brief in Opposition of Respondent Lee Boyd Malvo
 

Brief in Opposition of Respondents Allina Health Services, et al.
 

Brief in Opposition of Respondents Roberta G. DeVries, Executrix of the Estate of John B. Devries, Deceased, et al.
 

Brief in Opposition to Certiorari
 

Brief in Opposition to Petition for a Writ of Ceritorari
 

Brief in Opposition to Petition for a Writ of Ceritorari
 

Brief in Opposition to Petition for a Writ of Ceritorari
 

Brief in Opposition to Petition for a Writ of Ceritorari
 

Brief in Opposition to Petition for a Writ of Ceritorari and in Opposition to Application for Stay of Execution
 

Brief in Opposition to the North Carolina Department of Revenue's Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief in Opposition, Respondents Paul Klemm, et al.
 

Brief in Response to the Petition for a Writ of Certiorari of Respondent Norma Anderson, et al.
 

Brief in Support of Petition from Respondent Arizona, et al.
 

Brief of intervenor-respondents Center for Biological Diversity and Gulf Restoration Network in opposition filed. VIDED
 

Brief of Petitioner Arthur Lomax
 

Brief of 109 United States Senators and Members of the United States House of Representatives as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of 12 Businesss and Consumer Associations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of 13 Women and the Catholic Association Foundation as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of 143 U.S. Business Associations and Companies as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of 144 Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of 15 Religious and Civil Rights Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of 20 Merchants as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of 206 Businesses as Amici Curiae in Support of Employees
 

Brief of 211 Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of 24 Past Presidents of the D.C. Bar as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of 27 Law Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of 28 Professors of Antitrust Law as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of 39 Immigration Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of 3M Company, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Cargill Incorporated, Johnson & Johnson, Monsanto Company, the Procter & Gamble Company, Raytheon Company, and Shell International as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of 44 Election Law, Scientific Evidence, and Empirical Legal Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of 479 Creative Professionals as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of 51 Reproductive Rights, Civil Rights, and Social Justice Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of AARP in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of ACA International in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Admiralty Law Professors Thomas J. Schoenbaum, George Rutherglen, and Joel Samuels as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Advocates for Faith and Freedom as Amicus Curiae Supporting Employers
 

Brief of Alabama and 19 Additional States as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Alan Mygatt-Tauber as Amicus Curiae Challenging the Ruling on the Appointments Clause
 

Brief of Alan Mygatt-Tauber as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief of Alianza Americas and 10 Other Immigration Rights Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Alibaba Group Holding Limited, Gopro Inc., Kitov Pharmaceuticals Holdings Ltd., Lendingclub Corporation, Novus Therapeutics, Inc., Pacific Biosciences of California, Inc., Sierra Oncology, Inc., Snap Inc., and Xbiotech Inc. as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Altria Group, Inc. as Amicus Curiae Supporting the Employees
 

Brief of Ambassador David J. Scheffer, Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law, as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief of America's Health Insurance Plans as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of American College of Tax Counsel as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of American Council on Education and 43 Other Higher Education Associations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of American Federation of Teachers as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of American Jewish Committee as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents and Affirmance
 

Brief of American Medical Association, Amicus Curiae, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of American Psychiatric Association, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of American Unity Fund and Profs. Dale Carpenter and Eugene Volokh as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Americans for Tax Reform as Amici Curiae in Support of the Respondents
 

Brief of Americans United for Separation of Church and State; Anti-Defamation League; Bend the Arc: A Jewish Partnership for Justice; Fairness West Virginia; Interfaith Alliance Foundation; National Council of Jewish Women, Inc.; and People for the American Way Foundation as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Council for Christian Colleges and Universities (CCCU) and Nine Individual Religious Colleges and Universities in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amici Curiae 109 Cities, Counties, Municipalities, and Local Government Advocacy Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae 127 Religious Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae 15 Faith and Civil Rights Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae 33 Family Policy Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae 34 Legal Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae 41 Family Policy Organizations in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Administrative Law Practitioners in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Alliacense Limited LLC in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae American Association for Justice and National Consumer Law Center in Support of the Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae American Association for Justice and Public Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae American Association of Christian Schools, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae American Benefits Council and the ERISA Industry Committee in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae American Civil Liberties Union and American Civil Liberties Union of Minnesota in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae American Civil Liberties, Human Rights Defense Center, the Legal Aid Society, National Association of Criminal Defense, Lawyers, National Police Accountability Project, Roderick and Solange MacArthur Justice Center, Southern Poverty Law Center, Uptown People's Law Center, and Washington Lawyer's Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae American College of Pediatricians, American Association of Pro-Life Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Christian Medical and Dental Association, and the Christian Pharmacists Fellowship International in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae American Library Association, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Anderson County, South Carolina and Decatur County, Tennessee in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, Christian Care Ministry, Eco: A Covenant Order of Presbyterians, Focus on the Family, Kanakuk Ministries, Pine Cove, Samaritan's Purse, the Christian & Missionary Alliance, the Navigators, the Orchard Foundation, Tyndale House Publishers, Association of Christian Schools International, and Association of Gospel Rescue Missions in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Border Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Business Organizations in Support of the Employers
 

Brief of Amici Curiae C12 Group, CEO Forum, Inc., Christian Employers Alliance, Marketplace Leaders in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae C12 Group, Christian Employers Alliance, Pinnacle Forum, CEO Forum, Inc., Center for Faith and Work at Letourneau University in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Canadian Civil Liberties Association, Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales, Dejusticia, Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, Human Rights Law Network, Hungarian Civil Liberties Union, Irish Council for Civil Liberties, Kenya Human Rights Commission, Legal Resources Centre, and National Council for Civil Liberties in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence and Atlantic Legal Foundation
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence and National Organization for Marriage in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Center for Constitutional Rights and International Federation for Human Rights in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Certain Immigrant Rights Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Chabot Las-Positas Faculty Association, College of the Redwoods Faculty Organization, United Faculty of Contra Costa, Foothill-de Anza Faculty Association, Santa Monica Faculty Association, All Faculty Association of Santa Rosa
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, American Benefits Council, and ERISA Industry Committee in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Civil Rights Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Colleges and Universities in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Colorado Organizations and Individuals in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Confederated Tribes and Band of the Yakama Nation
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Corporate Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae County of Santa Clara, California, and 19 Additional Counties, Cities, and Towns in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Craft Brewers in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Criminal Procedure Professors Stephen E. Henderson, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Crown Building Maintenance Co. & Crown Energy Services, Inc. d/b/a Able Services and Northern Indiana Independent Contractors Group in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Current and Former Prosecutors and Law Enforcement Leaders in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Current and Former Prosecutors, Department of Justice Officials, and Judges in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Data & Society Research Institute and Fifteen Scholars of Technology and Society in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae David Boren, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae David I. Bruck, et al., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Digital Rights Ireland Limited and the Open Rights Group in Support of Respondent Microsoft Corporation
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Donald Clarke and Nicholas Calcina Howson in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae eBay Inc., et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Eblal Zakzok, Symaya Hamadmad, Fahed Muqbil, John Doe #1, and Jane Does #2-3 in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Economists and Professors of Law and Economics in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Election Law and Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Electronic Frontier Foundation and National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Electronic Frontier Foundation, Brennan Center for Justice, the Constitution Project, National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and Thirty-Seven Technical Experts and Legal Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and Thirty-Six Technical Experts and Legal Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and Twenty-Two Technical Experts and Legal Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Empirical Fourth Amendment Scholars in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Employment Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Environmental Federation of Oklahoma, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Environmental Federation of Oklahoma, Inc., et al. in Support of Terry Royal, Warden, Oklahoma State Penitentiary's Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention; Christian Life Commission of the Missouri Baptist Convention; John Paul the Great Catholic University; Oklahoma Wesleyan University; Spring Arbor University; American Association of Christian Schools; Jews for Religious Liberty; and Imam Omar Ahmed Shahin in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Evan McMullin, Anne Applebaum, Max Boot, Linda Chavez, Eliot Cohen, Mindy Finn, Juleanna Glover, Norman Ornstein, Michael Steele, Charlie Sykes, and Jerry Taylor in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Family Policy Groups in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Federal Courts and Federal Indian Law Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Federal Jurisdiction and Securities Law Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Fifteen Unions and Umbrella Organizations That Provide Services to Affiliated Unions and Associations Representing Nearly Half a Million Public Safety Employees in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Financial Regulation Scholars and Former Government Officials in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Fines and Fees Justice Center, et al. in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae for Marion B. Brechner First Amendment Project and Brechner Center for Freedom of Information in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae for the Scharpen Foundation, Inc., Advocates for Faith & Freedom, and National Pro-Life Alliance in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Former Corrections Officials
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Former EPA Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Former Executive Branch Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Former National Security Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Former National Security Officials in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Former Officials of U.S. Customs and Border Protection Agency in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Former Representative Tony Coelho, National Federation of the Blind, National Association of the Deaf, American Council of the Blind, Disability Rights Bar Association, Disability Rights Advocates, Disability Rights Education & Defense Fund, Judge Davis L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, Civil Rights Education & Enforcement Center, Association of Late Deafened Adults, Autistic Self Advocacy Network in Support of Respondents, Urging Affirmance
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Fourth Amendment Scholars in Support of the Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Gary Lauder, Paul Morinville, Robert Schmidt, National Small Business Association, Small Business Technology Council, United Inventors Association, MCM Portfolio LLP, Sumventures Group, Ltd., Accessis LLC, Flocel Inc.,Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Monashee Marketing and Neurowave Systems, Powertool Innovation Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Historians in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Historians, Legal Scholars, and Cherokee Nation
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Ilan H. Meyer, PhD, and Other Social Scientists and Legal Scholars Who Study the LGB Population in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Immigration Equality, the New York City Gay and Lesbian Anti-Violence Project, the National Queer Asian Pacific Islander Alliance, the LGBT Bar Association of Los Angeles, the LGBT Bar Association of Greater New York, the Lesbian and Gay Bar Association of Chicago, GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders, Bay Area Lawyers for Individual Freedom, and Others in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Immigration Law Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Immigration Law Scholars on the Text and Structure of the Immigration and Nationality Act in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Immigration, Family, and Constitutional Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Impact Fund, et al., in Support of Petitioner in No. 17-1618 and Respondents in Nos. 17-1623 & 18-107
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Independent Women's Forum and 1013 Athletes and Parents Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Indian Law Professors
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Indiana Family Institute, Inc., Indiana Family Action, Inc., and the American Family Association of Indiana, Inc. Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae interACT: Advocates for Intersex Youth, et al. in Support of Employees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae International Christian Photographers and Center for Arizona Policy in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae International Law Professors
 

Brief of Amici Curiae J.S. Oliver Capital Management, L.P. and Ian O. Mausner in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Jack Bloom and Alpha Capital Holdings, Inc.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Jan Philipp Albrecht, Sophie in 't Veld, Viviane Reding, Birgit Sippel, and Axel Voss, Members of the European Parliament in Support of Respondent Microsoft Corporation
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Juvenile Law Center, Campaign for Fair Sentencing of Youth, et al. in Support of Respondent Lee Boyd Malvo
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Juvenile Law Center, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Labor Law & Labor Relations Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., Family Equality Council, et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Landmark Legal Foundation, et al. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Law and Economics Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Law Professors
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Law Professors and Economists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Law Professors in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Law Professors in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Law Professors Richard Aaron, Laura Bartell, Jagdeep S. Bhandari, Susan Block-Lied, Vincent Buccola, Jessica Gabel Cino, Linda Coco, Laura Napoli Coordes, Robert D'Agostino, Irina Fox, Bruce Grohsgal, George Kuney, Lois Lupica, Nancy B. Rapoport, Keith Sharfman, Michael SOusa, Laura M. Spitz, and Adrian Walters in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae League of Conservation Voters et al. in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Legal Historians and Sociologists in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Legal Scholars in Support of Equality in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Lime Energy Services Company and Prestige Cruises International in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Mark Regnerus, Jason S. Carroll, Joseph Price, and Donald Paul Sullins in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Members of Congress in Support of Employers
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Mickey Edwards and Einer Elhauge in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Modern Military Association of America and Transgender American Veterans Association in Support of Employees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Mountain Right to Life, Birth Choice of the Desert and His Nesting Place in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Multistate Tax Commission and Federation of Tax Administrators
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Multistate Tax Commission and Federation of Tax Administrators in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Muslim Bar Association of New York, et al., in Support of Employees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Muslim Justice League, Muslim Public Affairs Council, Islamic Circle of North America Council for Social Justice, MPower Change, Justice for Muslims Collective, and Partnership for Advancement of New Americans Supporting Respondents and Affirmance
 

Brief of Amici Curiae NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.; Latino Justice PRLDEF; Asian American Advancing Justice - AAJC; Asian Americans Advancing Justice - Asian Law Caucus; LAMBDA Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc.; an Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights in support of appellees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund., et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and the Ohio State Conference of the NAACP in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Association of Clean Water Agencies, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Association of Counties, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Families against Mandatory Minimums, and National Association of Federal Defenders in Support of Petitioner and Urging Reversal
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Association of Evangelicals, Concerned Women for America, the National Legal Foundation, the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, and Samaritan's Purse in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Conference of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Congress of American Indians, Association on American Indian Affairs, Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, Pueblo of Laguna, Pueblo of San Felipe, et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Education Association, et al., in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Indigenous Women's Resource Center et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National League of Cities, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National LGBT Bar Association, et al., in Support of Employees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae National Press Photographers Association, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae New England Legal Foundation and Associated Industries of Massachusetts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Nuremberg Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of American Medical Association and Medical Society of the District of Columbia
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of Catholic Health, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of Comparative Law Scholars and Practitioners in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of Indiana Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of Joseph Lane, M.D., and Vincent Vigorita, M.D.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of Multistate Tax Commission, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of Professors in Support of Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of Scholars
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of Scholars of Linguistics
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of State of West Virginia, 27 Other States & the Governor of Kentucky
 

Brief of Amici Curiae of States of Utah, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Oklahoma Sheriffs' Association, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Operation Outcry, the Justice Foundation, and Priests for Life in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Pars Equality Center, Iranian American Bar Association, and Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian Americans, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Pen America and Others in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Political Science Professors in Support of Appellees and Affirmance
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Professors Christopher R. Green and David R. Upham Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Professors of Administrative Law, Federal Courts, and Intellectual Property Law in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Public Accommodation Law Scholars in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Public Interest Law Center, Washington Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs, and the Mississippi Center for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Religious Freedom Institute's Islam & Religious Freedom Action Team and Islamic Scholars in Support of Employers
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Represent. US and Richard Painter in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Representative Robert W. Goodlatte, Chair of the House Committee on the Judiciary, Senator Ron Wyden, Representative F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr., Representative Anna G. Ashoo, Senator Michael S. Lee, and Representative Steven J. Chabot in Opposition to the Petition
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Retail Litigation Center, Inc. and National Retail Federation in Support of the Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Retired Generals and Admirals of the U.S. Armed Forces in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Retired Generals and Flag Officers
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Samuel L. Bray, David Marcus, and Stephen C. Yeazell in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Scholars of Behavioral Science and Economics in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Scholars of Corpus Linguistics
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Scholars of Corpus Linguistics
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Scholars of the Constitutional Rights and Interests of Children in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association and Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Securities Law Professors
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Service Employees International Union, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, and American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Services and Advocacy for Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Elders and American Society on Aging in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation
 

Brief of Amici Curiae SMART (the International Association of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail, and Transportation Workers) and ARLA (the Academy of Rail Labor Attorneys) Supporting Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Southeastern Legal Foundation and International Law Scholars in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Southeastern Legal Foundation, Beacon Center of Tennessee, and Mississippi Justice Institute in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Southern Ute Indian Tribe and Ute Mountain Ute Tribe
 

Brief of Amici Curiae State of Utah, et al., Supporting Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae State of West Virginia, 17 Other States, and the Governors of Kentucky and Mississippi in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae State of West Virginia, 19 Other States, and the Governors of Kentucky and Mississippi in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae States of Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Wisconsin and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae States of Michigan, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, West Virginia, and Wisconsin in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae States of Michigan, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae States of Michigan, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, and Utah in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae States of Michigan, et al., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae States of Nebraska, Kansas, Louisiana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Texas
 

Brief of Amici Curiae States of Utah, Alabama, Arkansas, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Wisconsin, and Wyoming Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae States of Utah, et al., Supporting Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Tahirih Justice Center, the Asian Pacific Institute on Gender-Based Violence, Casa de Esperanza, National Coalition against Domestic Violence, National Domestic Violence Hotline, and Futures without Violence in Support of Respondents (Additional Amici on First Page)
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Tennessee State Senators in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the American Civil Liberties Union and the ACLU of Missouri
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the American Fuels & Petrochemical Manufacturers Association and international Liquid Terminals Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the American Fuels & Petrochemical Manufacturers Association and International Liquid Terminals Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the American Medical Association and Ohio State Medical Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Association of Art Museum Directors, the American Alliance of Museums, the Association of Academic Museums and Galleries, the College Art Association of America, and 112 Art Museums in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Buckeye Institute for Public Policy Solutions and Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Center for Inquiry, the Secular Coalition for America, and American Atheists in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Center on National Labor Policy, Inc. and Ben Johnson in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon, the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, and the Nez Perce Tribe in Support of Respondent United States and Respondent Tribes and Affirmance
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, Puyallup Tribe of Indians, and Skokomish Indian Tribe in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Honorable Eugene Wedoff (Ret.) and a Group of Law Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Majority Leader and Temporary President of the New York State Senate and Members of the Majority Coalition in Support of the Appellants
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the National Association of Counties; the National League of Cities; the U.S. Conference of Mayors; the International City/County Management Association; the International Municipal Lawyers Association
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the National Association of Home Builders, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the National Black Religious Broadcasters and the National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Southern Poverty Law Center and the Cato Institute
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the States of Idaho, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the United Network Equipment Dealers Association and the Owners' Rights Initiative in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Women's and Children's Advocacy Project, et al., in Support of Petitioners in 17-1618/17-1623 and Respondents in 18-107 (Employees)
 

Brief of Amici Curiae the Women's Law Project, American Association of University Women, Atlanta Women for Equality, a Better Balance, California Women's Law Center, Feminist Majority Foundation, Gender Justice, Legal Momentum, Legal Voice, National Partnership for Women & Families, National Women's Law Center, Pension Rights Center, Southwest Women's Law Center, and Women's Institute for a Secure Retirement in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Thirty-Nine Affected Patent Owners in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, California Catholic Conference, the Catholic Health Association of the United States, Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod, Christian Legal Society, and Agudath Israel of America Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Colorado Catholic Conference, Catholic Bar Association, Catholic Medical Association, National Association of Catholic Nurses-U.S.A., and National Catholic Bioethics Center in Support of Reversal
 

Brief of Amici Curiae United States Senators and Representatives in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae United States Senators Sheldon Whitehouse and Lindsey Graham in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae United States Senators Ted Cruz, Steve Daines, and Mike Lee Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae United Trustee's Association, et al.
 

Brief of Amici Curiae US Inventor, Inc. and 31 Other Grass Roots Inventor Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Utah Republican State Senators in Support of Petitioners and Reversal
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Washington Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs, Public Interest Law Center, Chicago Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights, and Mississippi Center for Justice in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Water Systems Council and the National Ground Water Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amici Curiae William Jack and the National Center for Law and Policy in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Wisconsin Advocacy Organizations in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Amici Curiae Workers Rasheedah Gray, et al., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae - The Initiative for Medicines, Access & Knowledge (I-MAK) in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae 1851 Center for Constitutional Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae 290 Criminal Law and Mental Health Law Professors in Support of Petitioner's Request for Reversal and Remand
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae ACA International in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Act - The APP Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Agudath Israel of America in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Alpha Center, a Pregnancy Help Center Registered under the Laws of South Dakota in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae America's Collectibles Network, Inc. d/b/a Jewelry Television in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae American Association for Justice
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae American Association for Justice
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae American Center for Law and Justice in Support of Petitioners and Urging Reversal
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae American College of Trust & Estate Counsel in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae American Council on Education and 32 Other Higher Education Associations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae American Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae American Public Philosophy Institute in Support of Employers
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Americans for Tax Reform in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Association of the Bar of the City of New York in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Austin Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Bar Association of the District of Columbia
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Bar Association of the District of Columbia
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Campaign Legal Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Care Net in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Cause of Action Institute
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioners Donald J. Trump, et al.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Christian Business Owners Supporting Religious Freedom in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Christian Employers Alliance in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Christian Law Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Colorado Mortgage Lenders Association
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Common Cause in Support of Appellants O. John Benisek, Edmund Cueman, Jeremiah DeWolf, Charles W. Eyler, Jr., Kat O'Connor, Alonnie L. Ropp, and Sharon Strine
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Common Cause in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Compassion & Choices in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Consumer Action
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae David Boyle in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae David Boyle in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae David Boyle in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae David Zaring in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Dr. Paul R. McHugh, M.D. Professor of Psychiatry in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae DRI, the Voice of the Defense Bar in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Due Process Institute
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Earthrights International in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Electronic Frontier Foundation in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Evolutionary Intelligence LLC Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Federal Circuit Bar Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Federal Water Quality Coalition in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Foundation for Moral Law
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Employers
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Foundation for Moral Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Freedom from Religion Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Gesellschaft fur Freiheitsrechte e.v. in Support of Respondent Microsoft Corporation
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Government of National Accord, State of Libya
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Government of the United Mexican States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Houston Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Houston Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Houston Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Idaho Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae IEEE-USA in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae IEEE-USA in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Institute for Justice in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Institute for Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Institute of International Bankers in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Intellectual Property Owners Association
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Issues4Life Foundation, in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae James Madison Center for Free Speech, Inc. Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae James Madison Center for Free Speech, Inc. Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Jews for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Judicial Watch, Inc.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Judicial Watch, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Karl Olson in Support of Petitioner Gerald Lynn Bostock and Respondent Melissa Zarda
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Khizr Khan in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Kurt M. Anderson in Support of Petitioner's Request for Reversal
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Landmark Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Law Office of David J. Grummon, P.A. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Legal Scholar Adam J. MacLeod in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Liberty Counsel in Support of Clayton County, Georgia, Altitude Express, and Ray Maynard
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Liberty Counsel in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Liberty Counsel in Support of Petitioner Seeking Reversal
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Los Angeles County Employees Retirement Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Mackinac Center for Public Policy in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Marriage Law Foundation in Support of Employers
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Michael Varco in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. in Support of Respondent Greene's Energy Group, LLC
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., and LatinoJustice PRLDEF in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National Association of Bankruptcy Trustees in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National Association of Home Builders of the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National Auctioneers Association and 38 State Auctioneer Associations in Support of the Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National Conference on Public Employee Retirement Systems in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National Congress of American Indians
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National District Attorneys Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae National Organization for Marriage and Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Respondent in No. 17-1618 and Petitioners in Nos. 17-1623, 18-107
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae New York Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae New York Stock Exchange LLC Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of American Association for Justice
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Copyright Alliance
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Howard University School of Law Thurgood Marshall Civil Rights Center in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Intel Corporation
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of KHBC Partners II, Ltd.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Law Professors in Support of Respondent Affluere Investments, Inc.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of NARFE
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Pharmacy, Medicine, and Health Policy Experts
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Professor Steven Baicker-Mckee
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Professor Tejas N. Narechania
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Public Citizen, Inc.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of Senator Sherrod Brown in Support of Respondents and for Affirmance
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of the Ethics Bureau at Yale
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of United States Justice Foundation, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, Downsize DC Foundation, DownsizeDC.org, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, the Heller Foundation, and Policy Analysis Center in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae of US Inventor, Inc.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Online Merchants Guild in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Open Markets Institute
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Open Markets Institute
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of American Supporting Affirmance
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Professor Douglas A. Berman in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Professor George A. Bermann
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Professor Gregory C. Sisk in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Professor Patrick T. Gillen
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Professor W. Burlette Carter in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Professor W. Burlette Carter in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Professor W. Burlette Carter in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Public Citizen, Inc., in Support of Respondents Michael H. Resh, et al.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Public Service Company of New Mexico in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Republican National Committee in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Researcher John T. Holden in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Restore the Fourth, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Retail Litigation Center, Inc.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Sacred Ground Legal Services
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Safari Club International
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Safari Club International
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Seneca County, New York in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Sherif Girgis Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Shire Pharmaceuticals LLC in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Sir Bernard Eder in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae South Dakota Retailers Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae State of Oregon in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae States of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae States of West Virginia, 17 Other States, and the Governors of Kentucky, Maryland, and North Dakota in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Stephen M. Shapiro in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the American Academy of Appellate Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Association of Amicus Counsel in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Association of the Bar of the City of New York in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Buckeye Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Computer & Communications Industry Association
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Computer & Communications Industry Association in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Copyright Alliance
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Ethics Bureau at Yale
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the First Amendment Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Forum of United States Administrative Law Judges in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Institute for Justice in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the International Trademark Association
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Japanese American Citizens League in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Legacy Foundation in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Naples Roundtable
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Naples Roundtable in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the National Republican Congressional Committee in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the New York State Bar Association
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Rutherford Institute in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Rutherford Institute in Support of the Petitioner, Evangelisto Ramos
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae the Software & Information Industry Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Transgender Legal Defense and Education Fund in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Tricon Energy, LTD. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae United States Conference of Catholic Bishops Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae US Inventor, Inc. in Support of Petitioner Helsinn Healthcare S.A.'s Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae USFN - America's Mortgage Banking Attorneys
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Verizon Communications Inc. in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Virgin Islands Bar Association Supporting the Ruling on the Appointments Clause
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae William J. Bennett in Support of Petitioner and Reversal
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae Women's Liberation Front in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae, Boston Patent Law Association (BPLA), in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae, Massachusetts Biotechnology Council (MassBio)
 

Brief of Amicus Curiae, Massachusetts Biotechnology Council (MassBio)
 

Brief of Anti-Sexual Assault, Domestic Violence, and Gender-Based Violence Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Appellant Federal Election Commission
 

Brief of Appellant Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger
 

Brief of Appellants
 

Brief of Appellants Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al.
 

Brief of Appellants O. John Benisek, Edmund Cueman, Jeremiah DeWolf, Charles W. Eyler, Jr., Kat O'Connor, Alonnie L. Ropp, and Sharon Strine
 

Brief of Appellants/Petitioners John H. Merrill, Alabama Secretary of State, et al.
 

Brief of Appellee Intervenor California Correctional Peace Officers Association
 

Brief of Appellee Marciano Plata, et al.
 

Brief of Appellee Ralph Coleman, et al.
 

Brief of Appellees Evan Milligan, et al. Filed (in 21-1086)
 

Brief of Appellees League of Women Voters of North Carolina, et al.
 

Brief of Appellees Linda H. Lamone, et al.
 

Brief of Appellees New York Immigration Coalition, et al.
 

Brief of Appellees New York, et al.
 

Brief of Appellees Ted Cruz for Senate, et al.
 

Brief of Appellees the South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP, et al.
 

Brief of Arizona, et al.
 

Brief of Asian Americans Advancing Justice, AAJC, National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials Education Fund, LatinoJustice PRLDEF, and Nineteen Other Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Association of Administrative Law Judges as Amicus Curiae in Support of Affirming the Judgment Below
 

Brief of Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities and Association of American Universities as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Aurelius and Assured Respondents in Response
 

Brief of Bernard Grofman and Ronald Keith Gaddie as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO) and Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM) as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Bipartisan Current and Former Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Black Women for Wellness, Consumer Action, Consumer Federation of California, Public Good Law Center, and Public Health Law Center as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Border Network for Human Rights, et al.
 

Brief of Brady as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Brill, Knoll, Mason, and Viard as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of BSA - The Software Alliance as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of California Citizens Redistricting Commission and FairDistricts Now, Inc. as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Campaign Legal Center, Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, and NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Canadian International and National Security Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Capital Area Immigrants' Rights Coalition as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Carlos M. Vazquez and Anya Bernstein as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Center for Religious Expression as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Certain Members of the Congressional Black Causus as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Certified Public Accountants as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Chefs, Bakers, and Restaurateurs as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia, and Other Cities and Counties, Joined by the U.S. Conference of Mayors as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of Chinese Professors of Administrative Law as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Chris Cox, Former Member of Congress and Co-Author of the Internet Tax Freedom Act, as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Chris Cox, Former Member of Congress, James S. Gilmore III, Former Governor of Virginia, and NetChoice as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Christian Legal Society and National Association of Evangelicals as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Christian Legal Society, Center for Public Justice, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod, National Association of Evangelicals, Queens Federation of Churches, Rabbinical Council of America, and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Church-State Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of City Respondents City of Philadelphia, Department of Human Services for the City of Philadelphia, Philadelphia Commission on Human Relations
 

Brief of Colleagues of Professor Norman Dorsen as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Colorado Department of State
 

Brief of Colorado Filed (as to 21-1484)
 

Brief of Common Cause as Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Conflicts of Laws and Family Law Professors in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Congressman Frank J. Pallone, Jr. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Constitutional Accountability Center and Cato Institute as Amici Curiae
 

Brief of Constitutional Accountability Center as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Constitutional Accountability Center as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Constitutional Accountability Center as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Constitutional Accountability Center as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Constitutional Accountability Center as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Constitutional Accountability Center, Cato Institute, American Civil Liberties Union, and American Civil Liberties Union of Alabama as Amici Curiae
 

Brief of Constitutional and Administrative Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief of Constitutional Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Constitutional Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Constitutional Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Corporate Law Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Costco Wholesale Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Council on American-Islamic Relations and Anas Elhady as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Council on Labor Law Equality, National Association of Home Builders, National Federation of Independent Business, and Society for Human Resource Management as Amici Curiae in Support of Employers
 

Brief of County of Santa Clara, Cities of New York and Los Angeles, 67 Additional Cities and Counties, 80 Mayors, and United States Conference of Mayors as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae Filed. VIDED
 

Brief of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment below
 

Brief of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment below
 

Brief of Criminal Procedure Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of CSX Corporation and Union Pacific Railroad Company as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Current and Former Ohio Elections Officials as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Current Members of Congress and Bipartisan Former Members of Congress and Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Current Members of Congress and Bipartisan Former Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of David A. Robinson as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Employers
 

Brief of David Nimmer, Ernest Young, and Michael Bynum as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of Debtor Respondents
 

Brief of Defendants-Appellants Federal Parties
 

Brief of Defendants-Appellants Tribal Parties
 

Brief of Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al. Filed (in 19-454).
 

Brief of Donovan E. Simpson in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Douglas Laycock, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Dri - the Voice of the Defense Bar as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of DRI'??The Voice of the Defense Bar in Support Petitioner
 

Brief of Drug Policy Alliance, et al. as Amici Curiae
 

Brief of Elected Officers of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico as Amici Curiae Supporting the Appointments Clause Ruling
 

Brief of Electronic Frontier Foundation and R Street Institute as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Employees of the State of Minnesota Court System as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Employment Discrimination Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Episcopal Bishops as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Eric Brustad Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Eric McGhee as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of EU Data Protection and Privacy Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Fairvote and One Nation One Vote as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of FAMM and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Federal Courts Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Federal Courts Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Federal Parties Filed. (in 19-563)
 

Brief of Federal Respondent
 

Brief of Federal Respondent in Opposition
 

Brief of Federal Respondent in Opposition
 

Brief of Federal Respondent Supporting Reversal
 

Brief of Federal Respondents
 

Brief of Federal Respondents
 

Brief of First Amendment Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Flipper LLC, an Amazon Third Party Merchant with Product Sold in All 50 States and over 20 Countries, as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Floyd Abrams, Vincent A. Blasi, Walter Dellinger, Seth F. Kreimer, Burt Neuborne, Robert Post, Geoffrey R. Stone, and Kathleen M. Sullivan as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Former Attorneys of the Civil Rights Division of the United States Department of Justice as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Former BIA Chairman and Immigration Judge Paul Wickham Schmidt as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Former Elected Officials in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Former Federal and Local Judges as Amici Curiae Supporting the First Circuit's Ruling on the Appointments Clause
 

Brief of Former Governor of Puerto Rico, Anibal Acevedo-Vila, as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Ruling on the Appointments Clause
 

Brief of Former Homeland Security and Immigration Officials as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Former Judges, Former Prosecutors, Former Government Officials, Law Professors, and Social Scientists as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Former Law Enforcement, National Security, and Intelligence Officials as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Former Professor Roy A. Katriel as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Former Puerto Rico Governors Sila M. Calderon and Alejandro Garcia Padilla as Amici Curiae in Support of the First Circuits Ruling on the Appointments Clause
 

Brief of Former Service Secretaries, et al.
 

Brief of Former State Department Officials as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Former U.S. Counterterrorism and National Security Officials as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Former U.S. Counterterrorism, National Security Officials, and National Security Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Former WV Delegate John Ellen, et al., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Foundation for Defense of Democracies as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Freedom from Religion Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Freedom X and Crisis Pregnancy Clinic of Southern California as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Freedom X and Rabbi Dovid Bressman as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Georgia Equality as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders, National Center for Lesbian Rights, et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Governor Tom Wolf, State and Local Officials, and Local Governments as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Governors Lawrence Joseph Hogan Jr., Arnold A. Schwarzenegger, Joseph Graham "Gray" Davis Jr., and John R. Kasich as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Great Lakes Justice Center as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Heartbeat International, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Heather K. Gerken, Jonathan N. Katz, Gary King, Larry J. Sabato, and Samuel S.-H. Wang as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Historians as Amici Curiae in Support of Employees
 

Brief of House Judiciary Committee Chairman Bob Goodlatte; Senate Finance Committee Ranking Member Ron Wyden; Senators Maggie Hassan, Jeanne Shaheen, and Jon Tester; Representatives Steve Chabot, Ron DeSaints, Anna G. Eshoo, Jim Jordan, Ann McLane Kuster,
 

Brief of Illinois, Arizona, Arkansas, Hawaii, Michigan, New Mexico, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Illinois, Indiana, New Mexico, and Texas in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Immigrant and Civil Rights Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of in Opposition of Respondent Google LLC
 

Brief of Independence Law Center, Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Indiana and Eleven Other States as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Indiana, Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wisconsin, and Wyoming as Amici Curiae in Support of Res
 

Brief of Indiana, Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Guam, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois,Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, PuertoRico, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Indiana, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Industry Petitioners
 

Brief of Innocence Project New Orleans and the Innocence Project, Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Institute for Faith and Family and Christian Family Coalition as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employers
 

Brief of Institute for Justice and Cato Institute as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Institute for Justice, Carole Hinders, Randy and Karen Sowers, and DKT Liberty Project as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Institutional Investors as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of Intellectual Property Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Intellectual Property Owners Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Intellectual Property Owners Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of International and Extraterritorial Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of International Brotherhood of Teamsters as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of International Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of International Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of the Petition for Certiorari
 

Brief of International Municipal Lawyers Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of International Municipal Lawyers Association, National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and Local Government Law Professors, as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of International Municipal Lawyers Association, National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and the County of Santa Clara as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Internet Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of InternetLab Law and Technology Center as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Intervenor-Respondents Support Center for Child Advocates and Philadelphia Family Pride
 

Brief of J. Kenneth Blackwell; Paul Caprio; James Edwards; Colin Hanna; Matthew Kandrach; Kevin L. Kearns; George Landrith; Curt Levey; Edward R. Martin, Jr.; James L. Martin; Jenny Beth Martin; and C. Preston Noell III as Amici Curiae Supporting Petition
 

Brief of Janet A. Napolitano and Other Former Federal Immigration Officials as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Jason R. Barclay and James S. Montana, Jr., Former General Counsel to Governors of the State of Illinois, as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Jeffrey Fagan, Deborah Baskin, Frank R. Baumgartner, Katherine Beckett, Donna Bishop, Alfred Blumstein, Robert Brame, et al in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Justice and Freedom Fund as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Justice and Freedom Fund as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Kansas and Other States in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Karen Korematsu, Jay Hiabayashi, Holly Yasui, the Fred T. Korematsu Center for Law and Equality, Civil Rights Organizations, and National Bar Associations of Color as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Kenneth B. Mehlman et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Koninklijke Philips, N.V., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Labor Organizations as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of LAMBDA Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent Aimee Stephens
 

Brief of LAMBDA Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Law & History Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent Aimee Stephens
 

Brief of Law and Economic Professors in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Law Professors and Social Scientists as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Law Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Law Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Law Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of the Respondents
 

Brief of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law and Twenty-One National Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Legal Ethicists as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) Members of the Legal Profession and Law Students as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Liberty Counsel, Inc. and Campaign for Children and Families in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Liberty, Life, and Law Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Liquidpower Specialty Products Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Local Governments and Mayors as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Los Angeles County's Department of Health Services, NYC Health & Hospitals, and Service Employees International Union as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of Love146 in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Major General Patrick Brady and Veterans Groups Erecting and Maintaining War Memorials as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Maryland Elected Officials as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Massachusetts Technology Leadership Council, Inc., as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents in Affirmance of the Decisions below
 

Brief of Massachusetts, Hawaii, California, Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Mayor Eric Garcetti, County Executive Dow Constantine, Mayor Jenny Durkan, Mayor Rahm Emanuel, Mayor James Kenney, and Mayor Bill de Blasio as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Medal of Honor Recipients as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents State of Hawaii, et al.
 

Brief of Members of Congress as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General
 

Brief of Michigan and 11 Other States in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Military Order of the Purple Heart as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Military Spouses United as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Modoc Point Irrigation District; Mosby Family Trust; TPC, LLC; Sprague River Water Resource Foundation, Inc.; and Fort Klamath Critical Habitat Landowners, Inc. as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Momodoulamin Jobe and the Immigrant Defense Project as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Mortimer-Side Initial Covered Sackler Respondents
 

Brief of NAACP Legal Defense & Education Fund, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents State of Hawaii, et al.
 

Brief of NAACP Respondents
 

Brief of National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and National Association of Federal Defenders as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of National Association of Evangelicals, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Employers
 

Brief of National Association of Federal Defenders as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of National Association of Home Builders in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of National Congress of American Indians as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of National Disability Rights Network, Disability Rights Ohio, AARP, AFL-CIO, SEIU, Democracy Initiative, National Coalition for the Homeless, Columbus Coalition for the Homeless, and Miami Valley Voter Protection Coalition as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association, and International Municipal Lawyers Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of National Medical and Policy Groups That Study Sex and Gender Identity as Amici Curiae in Support of Employers
 

Brief of National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment Below
 

Brief of National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of National School Boards Association et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of National Security Experts Andrew G. McCarthy, Center for Security Policy, Frank Gaffney, Robert J. Shillman, Admiral James Ace Lyons, Lieutenant General William G. Boykin, and Ambassador Henry F. Cooper as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of National Women's Law Center, the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, and 85 Additional Organizations Committed to Civil Rights and Economic Opportunity as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of NetChoice as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of New York Intellectual Property Law Association ("NYIPLA") in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of New York University as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Nonprofit Legal Services Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Norfolk Southern Corporation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of North Carolina Values Coalition and the Family Research Council as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Oklahoma and 16 Other States as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Open Markets Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Oracle America, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Outserve-SLDN, Inc., American Military Partner Association, and American Veterans for Equal Rights as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Patrick J. Collins, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioner
 

Brief of Petitioner Acheson Hotels, LLC
 

Brief of Petitioner Adam Samia
 

Brief of Petitioner Adaucto Chavez-Meza
 

Brief of Petitioner Adolfo R. Arellano
 

Brief of Petitioner Agusto Niz-Chavez
 

Brief of Petitioner Alexandru Bittner
 

Brief of Petitioner Alfred H. Siegel, Trustee of the Circuit City Stores, Inc. Liquidating Trust
 

Brief of Petitioner Americans for Prosperity Foundation Filed (in 19-251).
 

Brief of Petitioner Andre Martello Barton
 

Brief of Petitioner Apple Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization
 

Brief of Petitioner Arthur Gregory Lange
 

Brief of Petitioner Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC Filed. (in 18-1587)
 

Brief of Petitioner Atlantic Richfield Co.
 

Brief of Petitioner Axon Enterprise, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Becerra, Xavier, Secretary of Health and Human Services
 

Brief of Petitioner Billy Raymond Counterman
 

Brief of Petitioner Boechler, P.C.
 

Brief of Petitioner Bradley LeDure
 

Brief of Petitioner Brett Jones
 

Brief of Petitioner Bridget Anne Kelly
 

Brief of Petitioner Cargill, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Carlos Concepcion
 

Brief of Petitioner Carlos Vega
 

Brief of Petitioner Charles Borden, Jr.
 

Brief of Petitioner CIC Services, LLC
 

Brief of Petitioner City of Austin
 

Brief of Petitioner City of Chicago
 

Brief of Petitioner City of Hays, Kansas
 

Brief of Petitioner City of San Antonio, Texas, on Behalf of Itself and All Other Similarly Situated Texas Municipalities
 

Brief of Petitioner Clemente A. Pereida
 

Brief of Petitioner Coinbase, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioner CSX Transportation
 

Brief of Petitioner Curtis Flowers
 

Brief of Petitioner Damian McElrath
 

Brief of Petitioner Daniel Cameron, Attorney General of Kentucky
 

Brief of Petitioner Darrell Hemphill
 

Brief of Petitioner David Babcock
 

Brief of Petitioner David Dubin
 

Brief of Petitioner David J. Kappos, Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office
 

Brief of Petitioner Department of Agriculture Rural Development Rural Housing Service
 

Brief of Petitioner Dexter Earl Kemp
 

Brief of Petitioner Donald J. Trump
 

Brief of Petitioner Eddie Shular
 

Brief of Petitioner Edward A. Caniglia
 

Brief of Petitioner Efrain Lora
 

Brief of Petitioner Elsa Hall
 

Brief of Petitioner Erik Egbert
 

Brief of Petitioner Erik Lindsey Hughes
 

Brief of Petitioner Eugene Jackson (as to 22-6640)
 

Brief of Petitioner Facebook, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Fane Lozman
 

Brief of Petitioner Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico
 

Brief of Petitioner Florencio Rosales-Mireles
 

Brief of Petitioner for Federal Aviation Administration
 

Brief of Petitioner Ford Motor Company
 

Brief of Petitioner Frantz DePierre
 

Brief of Petitioner GE Energy Power Conversion France SAS, Corp.
 

Brief of Petitioner George Sheetz
 

Brief of Petitioner Gerald E. Groff
 

Brief of Petitioner Geraldine Tyler
 

Brief of Petitioner Gianinna Gallardo
 

Brief of Petitioner Glacier Northwest, Inc., d/b/a CalPortland
 

Brief of Petitioner Gonzalo Holguin-Hernandez Filed.
 

Brief of Petitioner Google LLC
 

Brief of Petitioner Government of Guam
 

Brief of Petitioner Great Lakes Insurance SE
 

Brief of Petitioner Gregory Dean Banister
 

Brief of Petitioner Gregory Greer
 

Brief of Petitioner Halima Tariffa Culley
 

Brief of Petitioner Hamid Rehaif
 

Brief of Petitioner Henry Schein, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Houston Community College System
 

Brief of Petitioner In Re Grand Jury
 

Brief of Petitioner Jack Daniel's Properties, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner James Erin McKinney
 

Brief of Petitioner James R. Rudisill
 

Brief of Petitioner Jane Cummings
 

Brief of Petitioner Janet L. Yellen, Secretary of the Treasury
 

Brief of Petitioner Jason Mont
 

Brief of Petitioner Jason Smith
 

Brief of Petitioner Jatonya Clayborn Muldrow
 

Brief of Petitioner Jean Francois Pugin Filed (as to 22-23).
 

Brief of Petitioner Jimcy McGirt Filed (with Separate Appendix).
 

Brief of Petitioner John C. Carney, Governor of Delaware Filed (2/13/2020)
 

Brief of Petitioner John Montenegro Cruz
 

Brief of Petitioner John Ramirez
 

Brief of Petitioner Joseph A. Kennedy
 

Brief of Petitioner Joseph Percoco
 

Brief of Petitioner Justin Rashaad Brown (as to 22-6389)
 

Brief of Petitioner Kate Bartenwerfer
 

Brief of Petitioner Katherine K. Vidal, under Secretary of Commerce Intellectual Property and Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office
 

Brief of Petitioner Kevin Lindke
 

Brief of petitioner Kevin R. George
 

Brief of Petitioner Land of Lincoln Mutual Health Insurance Company
 

Brief of Petitioner Larry Thompson
 

Brief of Petitioner Le Roy Torres
 

Brief of Petitioner Leon Santos-Zacaria
 

Brief of Petitioner Leslie Rutledge
 

Brief of Petitioner Louis Ciminelli
 

Brief of Petitioner Mahanoy Area School District
 

Brief of Petitioner Maine Community Health Options
 

Brief of Petitioner Manfredo Salinas
 

Brief of Petitioner Marcus D. Mims
 

Brief of Petitioner Marcus DeAngelo Jones
 

Brief of Petitioner Marion Wilson
 

Brief of Petitioner Mark E. Pulsifer
 

Brief of Petitioner Mayo Collaborative Services (D/B/A Mayo Medical Laboratories and Mayo Clinic Rochester
 

Brief of Petitioner Mayo Collaborative Services (D/B/A Mayo Medical Laboratories) and Mayo Clinic Rochester
 

Brief of Petitioner Merle Denezpi
 

Brief of Petitioner Michael J. Biestek
 

Brief of Petitioner Michael Nance
 

Brief of Petitioner Michelle Monasky
 

Brief of Petitioner Miguel Luna Perez
 

Brief of Petitioner Mike Brown, Acting Warden
 

Brief of Petitioner Minerva Surgical, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner MOAC Mall Holdings LLC
 

Brief of Petitioner Moris Esmelis Campos-Chaves Filed (as to 22-674)
 

Brief of Petitioner Mount Lemmon Fire District
 

Brief of Petitioner Narkis Golan
 

Brief of Petitioner Nathan Van Buren
 

Brief of Petitioner National Collegiate Athletic Association Filed (in 20-512).
 

Brief of Petitioner Neil Dupree
 

Brief of Petitioner Nestle USA, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Nidal Khalid Nasrallah
 

Brief of Petitioner Noris Babb
 

Brief of Petitioner North Carolina Department of Revenue
 

Brief of Petitioner Oklahoma
 

Brief of Petitioner Our Lady of Guadalupe School Filed. VIDED
 

Brief of Petitioner Parker Drilling Management Services, Ltd.
 

Brief of Petitioner Pedro Pablo Guerrero-Lasprilla
 

Brief of Petitioner PennEast Pipeline Company, LLC
 

Brief of Petitioner Robert L. McCoy Filed (Corrected Brief Received 1/10/18)
 

Brief of Petitioner Robyn Morgan
 

Brief of Petitioner Rodney Class
 

Brief of Petitioner Rodney Reed
 

Brief of Petitioner Romag Fasteners, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Rose Mary Knick
 

Brief of Petitioner Roxanne Torres
 

Brief of Petitioner Ryan A. Collins
 

Brief of Petitioner Sandy Williams
 

Brief of Petitioner Securites and Exchange Commission
 

Brief of Petitioner Seila Law LLC
 

Brief of Petitioner Shakeel Kahn Filed (in 21-5261).
 

Brief of Petitioner Simon E. Rodriguez, as Chapter 7 Trustee for the Bankruptcy Estate of United Western Bancorp, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Situ Kamu Wilkinson
 

Brief of Petitioner Southwest Airlines Co.
 

Brief of Petitioner Stephanie C. Artis
 

Brief of Petitioner Students for Fair Admissions, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Tarahrick Terry
 

Brief of Petitioner Terrence Byrd
 

Brief of Petitioner the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner the Little Sisters of the Poor Saints Peter and Paul Home Filed (in 19-431).
 

Brief of Petitioner the North American Coal Corporation
 

Brief of Petitioner the State North Dakota
 

Brief of Petitioner Thedrick Edwards
 

Brief of Petitioner Thomas More Law Center Filed (in 19-255).
 

Brief of Petitioner Thryv, Inc., fka Dex Media, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Tim Shoop
 

Brief of Petitioner Timothy J. Smith
 

Brief of Petitioner TransUnion LLC
 

Brief of Petitioner Trevor Murray Filed. (Docketed July 13, 2023)
 

Brief of Petitioner Turkiye Halk Bankasi A.S.
 

Brief of Petitioner Twitter, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Unicolors, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Brief of Petitioner United States of America
 

Brief of Petitioner United States of America
 

Brief of Petitioner United States, ex rel. Jesse Polansky, M.D., M.P.H.
 

Brief of Petitioner Vernon Madison
 

Brief of Petitioner Viking River Cruises, Inc.
 

Brief of Petitioner Westmoreland Minings Holdings LLC in No. 20-1778
 

Brief of petitioner Weyerhaeuser Company filed.
 

Brief of Petitioner William Dale Wooden
 

Brief of Petitioner William K. Harrington, United States Trustee, Region 2
 

Brief of Petitioner William P. Barr, Attorney General
 

Brief of Petitioner Xiulu Ruan Filed (in 20-1410).
 

Brief of Petitioners
 

Brief of Petitioners
 

Brief of Petitioners
 

Brief of Petitioners 303 Creative LLC, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Abitron Austria GmbH, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Alaska Native Village Corporation Association, Inc., et al. Filed. (in No. 20-544)
 

Brief of Petitioners AlixPartners, LLP and Mr. Simon Freakley Filed (in 21-518).
 

Brief of Petitioners American Athletic Conference, et al. Filed (in 20-520).
 

Brief of Petitioners American Hospital Association, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners AMG Capital Management, LLC, et al. Filed (in 19-508).
 

Brief of Petitioners Amgen Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners April Hughes, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Arizona, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Arizona, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners BP p.l.c., et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners California, et al. Filed.(in 19-840)
 

Brief of Petitioners Caraco Pharmaceutical Laboratories, LTD and Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, LTD
 

Brief of Petitioners Cedar Point Nursery, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Charles C. Liu, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Charles G. Moore, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Chike Uzuegbunam, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners David Carson, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners David Cassirer, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners David Shinn, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Department of Homeland Security, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Donald J. Trump, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Douglas Brownback, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners FCC, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Federal Bureau of Investigation, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Federal Republic of Germany, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners FNU Tanzin, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Hanna Karcho Polselli, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Harold Shurtleff, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Health and Hospital Corporation of Marion County, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Helix Energy Solutions Group, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Intel Corporation Investment Policy Committee, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners James J. Thole, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners John J. Davis, Thomas Hilliard, Kimberly L. Iwan, Destiny M. Thurman (in 20-105)
 

Brief of Petitioners Jose Santos Sanchez, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Joseph R. Biden, Jr., President of the United States, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners June Medical Services L.L.C., et al. Filed (in 18-1323).
 

Brief of Petitioners Kendra Espinoza, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Larry Steven Wilkins, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Lucky Brands Dungarees, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Macquarie Infrastructure Corp., et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Marietta Memorial Hospital Employee Health Benefit Plan, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Matthew T. Albence, Acting Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Michael Sackett, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Michael Shane Christopher and Frank Buchanan
 

Brief of Petitioners Michelle O'Connor-Ratcliff and T.J. Zane
 

Brief of Petitioners Moda Health Plan, Inc., and Blue Cross and Blue Shield of North Carolina Filed (in 18-1028).
 

Brief of Petitioners Monicah Okoba Opati, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners National Pork Producers Council, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Pankajkumar S. Patel, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Philip E. Berger, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Relentless, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Republic of Hungary, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Reynaldo Gonzalez, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Richard Devillier, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Sharonell Fulton, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners State of Georgia, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Tae D. Johnson, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners the American Legion
 

Brief of Petitioners the Ohio Adjutant General's Department, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Thomas Dobbs, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Timothy Moore, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners United States Agency for International Development, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners United States ex rel. Tracy Schutte, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners United States Fish and Wildlife Service, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners United States, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners West Virginia, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Whole Woman's Health, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners William P. Barr, Attorney General, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Willie Earl Carr, et al.
 

Brief of Petitioners Ysleta del Sur Pueblo, the Tribal Council, the Tribal Governor Michael Silvas or His Successor
 

Brief of Petitioners ZF Automotive US, Inc., et al. Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief of Philosophy Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Philosophy Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Plaintiff/Appellee the State of Texas
 

Brief of Plaintiffs in International Refugee Assistance Project v. Trump as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Plaintiffs in Iranian Alliances across Borders v. Trump as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Plaintiffs in Post-Dukes Successor Class Actions as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Plaintiffs/Appellees Chad Everet Brackeen, et al.
 

Brief of Political Geography Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Presidential Electors
 

Brief of Presidential Electors
 

Brief of Privacy International, Human and Digital Rights Organizations, and International Legal Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Private Petitioners
 

Brief of Private Respondents
 

Brief of Professor Aditya Bamzai as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Professor Andrew Manuel Crespo as Amicus Curiae in Support of Affirmance
 

Brief of Professor Benjamin I. Sachs as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Professor D. Theodore Rave as Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Professor Dmitry Karshtedt as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of Professor Edward A. Hartnett as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Professor James W. Ely, Jr., as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief of Professor Jed Shugerman in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Professor Jennifer L. Mascott as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Professor John S. Baker, Jr. as Amicus Curiae Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief of Professor Michael Kang as Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Professor Orin S. Kerr as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Professor Richard M. Re as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Professor Ryan M. Rodenberg as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Professor Simone Rose as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Professors Cynthia L. Estlund, Samuel Estreicher, Julius G. Getman, William B. Gould IV, Michael C. Harper, and Theodore J. St. Antoine, as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Professors Eugene Volokh and William Baude as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Professors of Conflict of Laws and Civil Procedure as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Professors of International Law, Foreign Relations Law, and Federal Jurisdiction as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Professors of International Litigation as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Professors of Legal History Barbara Aronstein Black, William R. Casto, Martin S. Flaherty, Stanley N. Katz, Michael Lobban, Samuel Moyn, and Anne-Marie Slaughter as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Professors Samuel R. Bagenstos, et al., in Support of Respondent Stephens
 

Brief of Professors Stephen H. Legomsky and Stephen Yale-Loehr as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Professors William Baude and Stephen E. Sachs as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Professors, Dean Ronald A. Cass, et al., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Public Citizen in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Public Citizen in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Public Knowledge, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Engine Advocacy, and the R Street Institute as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Public Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Puente Arizona and Others as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Ralph Oman as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of RD Legal Capital, LLC and Roni Dersovitz as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Rebecca Friedrichs and Fellow Teachers and Miranda Thorpe and Fellow Caregivers as Amici Curiae in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief of Receivables Management Association International, Inc., as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents and for Affirmance of the Decision of the Court Below
 

Brief of Republican Current and Former State and Local Officeholders as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Republican State Leadership Committee as Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of Republican Statewide Officials Sen. Bill Brock, Sen. John Danforth, Sen. Bob Dole, Sen. James Douglas, Gov. Jim Edgar, Gov. John Kasich, Gov. Frank Keating, Sen. Richard Lugar, Gov. Jock McKernan Jr., Gov. Bill Owens, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger, Sen. Alan Simpson, Gov. Christine Todd Whitman, and Lt. Gov. Corinne Wood as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Respondent A. Pender Makin in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Abraham Bielski
 

Brief of Respondent Abraham Bielski in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Adam Bandemer in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Agnes Morrissey-Berru in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Alain Kaloyeros in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Respondent America's Power
 

Brief of Respondent America's Power in Support
 

Brief of Respondent American Federation of Government Employees, Local 3970
 

Brief of Respondent American Humanist Association, et al.
 

Brief of Respondent Andre Levon Glover in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Andre Ralph Haymond in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Andre Ralph Haymond in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Andrew M. Saul, Commissioner of Social Security
 

Brief of Respondent Andrew M. Saul, Commissioner of Social Security in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Angie Moriana
 

Brief of Respondent Angie Moriana in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Antonio Arteaga-Martinez
 

Brief of Respondent Antonio Arteaga-Martinez in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Archer and White Sales, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent Archer and White Sales, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Archer and White Sales, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Argus Leader Media, d/b/a Argus Leader in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Arizona
 

Brief of Respondent Arizona
 

Brief of Respondent Arizona in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Arizona in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Arthrex, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent B.L., a Minor, by and through her Father Lawrence Levy and Her Mother Betty Lou Levy
 

Brief of Respondent Barclays Capital Inc. in Support of Vacatur
 

Brief of Respondent Basin Electric Power Cooperative in Support
 

Brief of Respondent Betty Dukes
 

Brief of Respondent Booking.com B.V.
 

Brief of Respondent Booking.com B.V. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Bremerton School District in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Brian Newton
 

Brief of Respondent Brian Newton in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Brian W. Coughlin
 

Brief of Respondent Brian W. Coughlin in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Bryan Collier
 

Brief of Respondent Bryan Goertz
 

Brief of Respondent Centro de Periodismo Investigativo, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent Centro de Periodismo Investigativo, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Cesar Alcaraz-Enriquez Filed (19-1156).
 

Brief of Respondent Cesar Alcaraz-Enriquez in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Charles Lucero, Personal Representative of the Estate of Markkaya Jean Gullett in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Christopher M. Sulyma
 

Brief of Respondent Christopher M. Sulyma in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent City of St. Louis
 

Brief of Respondent Click-To-Call Technologies, LP
 

Brief of Respondent Click-To-Call Technologies, LP in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Collier, Bryan, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Colorado
 

Brief of Respondent Colorado in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Commissioner of Internal Revenue
 

Brief of Respondent Commissioner of Internal Revenue in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Committee on Oversight and Reform of the U.S. House of Representatives in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Common Cause in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
 

Brief of Respondent Cougar Den, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent County of El Dorado, California
 

Brief of Respondent County of El Dorado, California in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Cyrus R. Vance, Jr., in His Official Capacity as District Attorney of the County of New York
 

Brief of Respondent Darrel, Warden, Louisiana State Penitentiary Vannoy
 

Brief of Respondent Darrel, Warden, Louisiana State Penitentiary Vannoy in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Darryl Biel in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent David Buren Wilson
 

Brief of Respondent David Buren Wilson in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent David Martinez Ramirez in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Deborah Laufer
 

Brief of Respondent Deborah Laufer in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Denis McDonough, Secretary of Veterans Affairs
 

Brief of Respondent Denis McDonough, Secretary of Veterans Affairs in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Denis R. McDonough, Secretary of Veterans Affairs
 

Brief of Respondent Denis R. McDonough, Secretary of Veterans Affairs in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Denis R. McDonough, Secretary of Veterans Affairs in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Dewayne Hendrix, Warden in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Dewayne Hendrix, Warden Supporting Affirmance
 

Brief of Respondent Domenico Taglieri
 

Brief of Respondent Domenico Taglieri in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Dominic Oliveira in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Dzhokhar A. Tsarnaev
 

Brief of Respondent Dzhokhar A. Tsarnaev in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Ellen Isaacs, on Behalf of Patrick Ryan Wroblewski, in Support
 

Brief of Respondent Empire Health Foundation, for Valley Hospital Medical Center
 

Brief of Respondent Empire Health Foundation, for Valley Hospital Medical Center in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Ervine Davenport
 

Brief of Respondent Ervine Davenport in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Evelyn Sineneng-Smith
 

Brief of Respondent Evelyn Sineneng-Smith in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Executive Health Resources, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent Executive Health Resources, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as Receiver for United Western Bank
 

Brief of Respondent Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as Receiver for United Western Bank in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Federal Labor Relations Authority
 

Brief of Respondent Federal Labor Relations Authority in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Federal Trade Commission
 

Brief of Respondent Fernando Cordero-Garcia (as to 22-331)
 

Brief of Respondent Fernando Cordero-Garcia in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Garland, Attorney General of the United States
 

Brief of Respondent General Electric Co. in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Respondent Georgia
 

Brief of Respondent Georgia in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Gilbert P. Hyatt
 

Brief of Respondent Google LLC
 

Brief of Respondent Google LLC in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Gorgi Talevski, by His Next Friend Ivanka Talevski in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Helaman Hansen
 

Brief of Respondent Helaman Hansen in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Hetronic International, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent Hetronic International, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
 

Brief of Respondent Humphrey Daniels in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Internal Revenue Service
 

Brief of Respondent Internal Revenue Service in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Internal Revenue Service in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent International Brotherhood of Teamsters Local Union No. 174
 

Brief of Respondent International Brotherhood of Teamsters Local Union No. 174 in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent International Finance Corporation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Isacco Saada
 

Brief of Respondent Isacco Saada in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Ivanka Talevski, Personal Representative of the Estate of Gorgi Talevski, Deceased
 

Brief of Respondent Jackson Masonry, LLC
 

Brief of Respondent James King
 

Brief of Respondent James King in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent James R. Adams
 

Brief of Respondent James R. Adams in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent James R. Freed
 

Brief of Respondent John P. Fitzgerald, III, Acting United States Trustee for Region 4
 

Brief of Respondent John P. Fitzgerald, III, Acting United States Trustee for Region 4 in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Jose Luis Vaello-Madero
 

Brief of Respondent Joshua James Cooley
 

Brief of Respondent Joshua James Cooley in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Justin Eugene Taylor
 

Brief of Respondent Justin Eugene Taylor in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Katie Hobbs, Arizona Secretary of State
 

Brief of Respondent Katie Hobbs, Arizona Secretary of State in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Katie Hobbs, Arizona Secretary of State in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Kevin Younger
 

Brief of Respondent Kevin Younger in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Kieran Buckley
 

Brief of Respondent Kieran Buckley in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Kijakazi, Acting Comm'r of SSA
 

Brief of Respondent Latrice Saxon
 

Brief of Respondent Latrice Saxon in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Lois Davis in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Lorie Davis, Director TDCJ
 

Brief of Respondent Lorie Davis, Director TDCJ in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Louis DeJoy, Postmaster General, United States Postal Service in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Louisiana
 

Brief of Respondent Louisiana
 

Brief of Respondent Louisiana in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Luxshare, Ltd. Filed (in 21-401).
 

Brief of Respondent Luxshare, Ltd. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Marcel Fashion Group, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Marcel Fashions Group, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent Mark Lee Dickson
 

Brief of Respondent Maurice Lamont Davis in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Mayor and City Council of Baltimore
 

Brief of Respondent Mayor and City Council of Baltimore in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent McDonough, Denis, Secretary of Veterans Affairs
 

Brief of Respondent Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General
 

Brief of Respondent Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General
 

Brief of Respondent Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General
 

Brief of Respondent Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General in Support
 

Brief of Respondent Michael Andrew Gary
 

Brief of Respondent Michael Andrew Gary in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Michael Briggs in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Michael J. Hewitt
 

Brief of Respondent Michael J. Hewitt in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Micheal Baca in Support
 

Brief of Respondent Michelle Cochran
 

Brief of Respondent Ming Dai Filed (19-1155).
 

Brief of Respondent Mississippi
 

Brief of Respondent Mississippi in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Mississippi in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Moab Partners, L.P.
 

Brief of Respondent Moab Partners, L.P. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Multi-State Governmental Entities Group
 

Brief of Respondent NantKwest, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent National Mining Association in Support
 

Brief of Respondent Navajo Nation Filed
 

Brief of Respondent Navajo Nation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Navajo Nation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent New Jersey Conservation Foundation
 

Brief of Respondent Noah Duguid
 

Brief of Respondent Noah Duguid in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Norfolk Southern Railway Co.
 

Brief of Respondent Norfolk Southern Railway Co. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Oklahoma
 

Brief of Respondent Oklahoma in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent on Writ of Certiorari to the Supreme Court of Virginia
 

Brief of Respondent Oracle America, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent Oracle America, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Penny Clarkston
 

Brief of Respondent Pharmaceutical Care Management Association
 

Brief of Respondent Pharmaceutical Care Management Association in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Premier Rehab Keller, P.L.L.C.
 

Brief of Respondent Premier Rehab Keller, P.L.L.C. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent President and Fellows of Harvard College in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Prometheus Laboratories
 

Brief of Respondent Public.Resource.Org, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent Public.Resource.Org, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Raiders Retreat Realty Co., LLC
 

Brief of Respondent Raiders Retreat Realty Co., LLC in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Raul Daniel Mendez-Colin Filed (as to 22-884)
 

Brief of Respondent Raymond Twyford
 

Brief of Respondent Raymond Twyford in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Rebecca Rogers and Larry E. Price, Sr.
 

Brief of Respondent Rebekah Gee, Secretary of the Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Refugio Palomar-Santiago
 

Brief of Respondent Refugio Palomar-Santiago in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Reginald Kirtz
 

Brief of Respondent Reginald Kirtz in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Richard D. Collins in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Rick Thaler, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division
 

Brief of Respondent Robert Boule in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Robert Wilkie, Secretary of Veterans Affairs
 

Brief of Respondent Robert Wilkie, Secretary of Veterans Affairs
 

Brief of Respondent Robert Wilkie, Secretary of Veterans Affairs in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Safeway, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Saul, Andrew M.
 

Brief of Respondent Saul, Andrew M., Commissioner of Social Security
 

Brief of Respondent Securities and Exchange Commission
 

Brief of Respondent Securities and Exchange Commission in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Sergio L. Ramirez
 

Brief of Respondent Sergio L. Ramirez in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Sierra Club, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent Sierra Club, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Simone Marstiller
 

Brief of Respondent State of Alabama
 

Brief of Respondent State of Alabama in Opposition to Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief of Respondent State of Arizona
 

Brief of Respondent State of Arizona in opposition
 

Brief of Respondent State of California in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent State of California in Support of Vacatur
 

Brief of Respondent State of New York
 

Brief of Respondent State of New York
 

Brief of Respondent State of New York in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent State of Texas in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Steve Elster
 

Brief of Respondent Steve Elster in opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Steven Aiello in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Respondent Sundance, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondent Sundance, Inc. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Tempnology, LLC, n/k/a Old Cold LLC
 

Brief of Respondent Tennessee Fine Wines and Spirits, LLC, dba Total Wine Spirits Beer & More
 

Brief of Respondent Terence B. Tekoh
 

Brief of Respondent Terence B. Tekoh in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Texas
 

Brief of Respondent Texas
 

Brief of Respondent Texas (Dec. 19, 2023)
 

Brief of Respondent Texas Department of Public Safety
 

Brief of Respondent Texas Department of Public Safety in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Texas in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent the Fund for Protection of Investors' Rights in Foreign States Filed (in 21-518).
 

Brief of Respondent the Fund for Protection of Investors' Rights in Foreign States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection Foundation
 

Brief of Respondent Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection Foundation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Township of Scott, Pennsylvania
 

Brief of Respondent Township of Scott, Pennsylvania in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Transform Holdco LLC
 

Brief of Respondent Tribes in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent U.S. House of Representatives in Support of California, et al. Filed (in 19-840).
 

Brief of Respondent Union Pacific Railroad Company
 

Brief of Respondent Union Pacific Railroad Company in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States
 

Brief of Respondent United States Department of the Treasury - Internal Revenue Service
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States in Support
 

Brief of Respondent United States of America
 

Brief of Respondent United States of America
 

Brief of Respondent United States of America
 

Brief of Respondent United States of America ex rel. Billy Joe Hunt
 

Brief of Respondent United States of America in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States of America in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States of America in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States of America in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States Railroad Retirement Board
 

Brief of Respondent United States Railroad Retirement Board in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent United States Supporting Vacatur
 

Brief of Respondent Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation
 

Brief of Respondent Utility Water Act Group in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Respondent Varinder Singh Filed (as to 22-884)
 

Brief of Respondent Victor Manuel Castro-Huerta
 

Brief of Respondent Victor Manuel Castro-Huerta in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Victor Stitt, II in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Vijayakumar Thuraissigiam
 

Brief of Respondent Vijayakumar Thuraissigiam in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent VIP Products LLC
 

Brief of Respondent VIP Products LLC in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Virginia
 

Brief of Respondent Vitaly Smagin
 

Brief of Respondent Vitaly Smagin in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Vitaly Smagin in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Washington in Opposition Filed. (February 10, 2020 - PDF with Appendix Provided)
 

Brief of Respondent William Baroni in Support of the Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief of Respondent William Baroni, Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Respondent William P. Barr, Attorney General
 

Brief of Respondent William P. Barr, Attorney General
 

Brief of Respondent William P. Barr, Attorney General
 

Brief of Respondent William P. Barr, Attorney General Filed.
 

Brief of Respondent William P. Barr, Attorney General in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent William P. Barr, Attorney General in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent William P. Barr, Attorney General in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent William P. Barr, Attorney General in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Wisconsin in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Xavier Becerra in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Xavier Becerra, in His Official Capacity as the Attorney General of California in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Xavier Becerra, Sec. of H&HS in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Yonas Fikre
 

Brief of Respondent Yonas Fikre in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Youel Smith
 

Brief of Respondent Youel Smith in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent Zackey Rahimi in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondent, United States of America
 

Brief of Respondent-Students Cecilia Polanco, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents
 

Brief of Respondents
 

Brief of Respondents Ad Hoc Group of Individual Victims of Purdue Pharma, L.P., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Agents J. Stephen Tidwell and Barbara Walls in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Respondents Agents Paul Allen, Kevin Armstrong, and Pat Rose in Support of Reversal
 

Brief of Respondents Alan Philipp, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Alan Philipp, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Alejandro N. Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Alliance for Open Society International, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Alliance for Open Society International, Inc., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents American Association of Political Consultants, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents American Association of Political Consultants, Inc., et al. in Support
 

Brief of Respondents American Humanist Association, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents American Humanist Association, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Anne Precythe, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Arkansas Teacher Retirement System, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Arkansas Teacher Retirement System, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Aubrey Elenis, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents B.L., a Minor, by and through Her Father Lawrence Levy and Her Mother Betty Lou Levy in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Bryan Goertz, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Cecilia Polanco, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Chad E. Brackeen, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Chad Everet Brackeen, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Chad Everet Brackeen, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Charles Lucero, Personal Representative of the Estate of Markkaya Jean Gullett, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Cherokee Nation, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Cherokee Nation, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Cherokee Nation, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Christina Ortiz-Marquez, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Christina Ortiz-Marquez, et al., in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Christopher Garnier and Kimberly Garnier
 

Brief of Respondents Christopher Garnier, et ux. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents City and County of San Francisco and County of Santa Clara
 

Brief of Respondents City and County of San Francisco, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents City of Boston, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents City of Boston, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents City of Grande Prairie, as Representative Plaintiff for a Class Consisting of all Canadian Municipalities, et al., in Support
 

Brief of Respondents City of New York, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents City of New York, et al. in Opposition Filed.(11/14/2018)
 

Brief of Respondents City of Philadelphia, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents City of Satsuma, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents City of St. Louis, Missouri, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Commission, Georgia Department of Corrections, et al. in opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Committees of the U.S. House of Representatives Filed. (Distributed).
 

Brief of Respondents Commonwealth of Pennsylvania et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Community Financial Services Association of America, Limited, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Community Financial Services Association of America, Limited, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, et al., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, et al., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Consolidated Edison, Inc., Exelon Corporation, National Grid USA, New York Power Authority, Power Companies Climate Coalition, and Sacramento Municipal Utility District in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Consolidated Edison, Inc., Exelon Corporation, National Grid USA, New York Power Authority, Power Companies Climate Coalition, and Sacramento Municipal Utility District in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Consolidated Edison, Inc., Exelon Corporation, National Grid USA, New York Power Authority, Power Companies Climate Coalition, and Sacramento Municipal Utility District in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Consolidated Edison, Inc., Exelon Corporation, National Grid USA, New York Power Authority, Power Companies Climate Coalition, and Sacramento Municipal Utility District in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Cowpasture River Preservation Association, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Cowpasture River Preservation Association, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Cowpasture River Preservation Association, et al., in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Credit Bureau Center, LLC, et al. Filed (in 19-825).
 

Brief of Respondents Cyrus R. Vance, Jr., in His Official Capacity as District Attorney of the County of New York, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Damon Circosta, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents David Martinez Ramirez & Barry Lee Jones
 

Brief of Respondents David Suski, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents David Suski, et al. in Support
 

Brief of Respondents Davita Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Davita Inc., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Deedee Halleck, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Democratic National Committee, et al. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief of Respondents Democratic National Committee, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Democratic National Committee, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents EMW Women's Surgical Center, P.S.C., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents EMW Women's Surgical Center, P.S.C., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Esteban A. Gonzalez, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Esteban A. Gonzalez, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Expedia, Inc., Hotels.com, L.P., Hotwire, Inc., Orbitz, LLC, Trip Network, Inc., Internetwork Publishing Corp., Travelnow.com, Inc.
 

Brief of Respondents Facebook, Inc. and Google LLC Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Respondents Federal Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Federal Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Federal Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Federal Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Federal Trade Commission, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of respondents Fish and Wildlife Service, et al. in opposition filed. VIDED.
 

Brief of Respondents Fossil, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Fossil, Inc., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents George R. Jarkesy, Jr., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents George R. Jarkesy, Jr., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Gregory A. Christian, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Gregory A. Christian, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents H&M Hennes & Mauritz, L.P., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents H&M Hennes & Mauritz, L.P., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Hector Navarro, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Hennepin County, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Hologic, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Hologic, Inc., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Hotels.com L.P., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Humane Society of the United States, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents in 19-416 (Response to Merits Brief of Nestle USA, Inc.)
 

Brief of Respondents in 19-453 (Response to Merits Brief of Cargill, Inc.)
 

Brief of Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents J. Stephen Tidwell and Barbara Walls in Support Certiorari
 

Brief of Respondents Jackson Women's Health Organization, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Janice Madrid, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Janice Madrid, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Joe Mansky et al.
 

Brief of Respondents John Doe I, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents John Doe I, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents John Guido, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents John Guido, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents John Q. Hammons Fall 2006, LLC, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents John Q. Hammons Fall 2006, LLC, et al. in opposition
 

Brief of Respondents June Medical Services L.L.C., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Karen Ross, in Her Official Capacity as Secretary of the California Department of Food and Agriculture, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Keith M. Corlett, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Lynn Goldsmith, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Lynn Goldsmith, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Marcus Caster, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Maria Angelica Guzman Chavez, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Maria Angelica Guzman Chavez, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of respondents Markle Interests, LLC, et al. in support of petitioner filed.
 

Brief of Respondents Maurice Lamont Davis, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Mehier Taamneh, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Mehier Taamneh, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Mnuchin, Steven T., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Montana Department of Revenue, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Montana Department of Revenue, et al., in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Muhammad Tanvir, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Muhammad Tanvir, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Myra Brown, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Nancy Gimena Huisha-Huisha, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Navajo Nation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Navajo Nation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Navajo Nation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Nebraska, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Neill Hurley and John Nantz in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents New Jersey, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents New York Immigration Coalition, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Non-Governmental Organization and Trade Association Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Non-Governmental Organization and Trade Association Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Non-Governmental Organization and Trade Association Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Non-Governmental Organization and Trade Association Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents North Carolina League of Conservation Voters, Inc., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Northwestern University, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Northwestern University, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Outokumpu Stainless USA, LLC, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Outokumpu Stainless USA, LLC, et al. in Opposition Filed
 

Brief of Respondents Pat Rose, Paul Allen and Kevin Armstrong in Support of Certiorari
 

Brief of Respondents Patrick J. Collins, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Police Officer Pagiel Clark, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Police Officer Pagiel Clark, Shield #28472, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Prometheus Radio Project, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Prometheus Radio Project, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Prometheus Radio Project; et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Reagan National Advertising of Austin, Incorporated, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Reagan National Advertising of Austin, LLC, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Rebecca Harper, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Renewable Fuels Association, American Coalition for Ethanol, National Corn Growers Association, National Farmers Union in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Renewable Fuels Association, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Republic of Sudan, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Republic of Sudan, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Robbin L. Fulton, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Robbin L. Fulton, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Robert Strom, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Robert Strom, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Samuel Hall, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Sanofi, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Sanofi, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Shawne Alston, et al. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief of Respondents Shawne Alston, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Shawne Alston, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Shelley Lorenzen, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Simon, Rosalie, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Smith & Nephew, Inc., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Smith & Nephew, Inc., et al. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief of Respondents Stanley Preczewski, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Stanley Preczewski, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents State of California et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents State of New Jersey; NJ Department of Environmental Protection, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents State of Texas, et al. in Opposition Filed. VIDED. (February 3, 2020)
 

Brief of Respondents State Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents States and Municipalities in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents States and Municipalities in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents States and Municipalities in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents States and Municipalities in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Steven Aiello and Joseph Gerardi in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Respondents Steven T. Marshall, Attorney General of Alabama, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Steven T. Marshall, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Sturgis Public Schools, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents SuperValu, Inc., et al. and Safeway, Inc. Filed. VIDED
 

Brief of Respondents SuperValu, Inc., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Support Center for Child Advocates and Philadelphia Family Pride in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Texas in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Texas in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Texas in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Texas in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Texas, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Texas, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents the Ad Hoc Committee of Governmental and Other Contingent Litigation Claimants
 

Brief of Respondents the Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors of Purdue Pharma L.P., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents the States of California, Maine, Maryland, and Minnesota
 

Brief of Respondents Transform Holdco LLC and Sears Holdings Corporation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents U.S. Bank, N.A., et al.
 

Brief of Respondents U.S. Bank, N.A., et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents U.S. Department of Commerce, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Michael Regan, Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents UBS Securities, LLC, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents UBS Securities, LLC, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents United States, et al. in Opposition Filed. VIDED
 

Brief of Respondents University Respondents in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Victoria Hassid, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Victoria Hassid, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Ward, Commissioner, Georgia Department of Corrections, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Washington et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Washington, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Washington, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Xavier Becerra, Sec. of H&HS, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Yassir Fazaga, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Yassir Fazaga, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Respondents Zayn al-Abidin Muhammad Husayn, et al.
 

Brief of Respondents Zayn al-Abidin Muhammad Husayn, et al. in Opposition
 

Brief of Retail Litigation Center, Inc. and 21 Retail and Wholesale Distribution Trade Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Retired Federal Judges as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Retired State Supreme Court Justices as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Richard A. Epstein as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners Air and Liquid Systems, Corp., et al.
 

Brief of Robin Best, Shawn J. Donahue, Jonathan Krasno, Daniel B. Magleby and Michael P. McDonald as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Ryan T. Anderson as Amici Curiae in Support of Employers
 

Brief of SAP America, Inc., Gilead Sciences, Inc., Nautilus, Inc., Electronic Transactions Association, Financial Services Roundtable, and Xilinx, Inc. as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Scholars of Criminal Procedure and Privacy as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Scholars of Family and Sexuality as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Scholars of Mormon History & Law as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Scholars of Philosophy, Theology, Law, Politics, History, Literature, and the Sciences as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Scholars of the History and Original Meaning of the Fourth Amendment as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Senator Charles Grassley as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Senators Demint, Graham, Johanns and Rubio in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Senators John McCain and Sheldon Whitehouse in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of Senators Sheldon Whitehouse and Richard Blumenthal as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Sergio L. Ramirez Submitted.
 

Brief of Service Employees International Union as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of Service Employees International Union in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Service Employees International Union, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, and Jobs with Justice as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of SHOW, Inc. as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of Social Science and Law Scholars as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Southeastern Legal Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of State and Local Government Employers as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of State Appellees
 

Brief of State Petitioners
 

Brief of State Respondents
 

Brief of State Respondents
 

Brief of State Respondents
 

Brief of State Respondents
 

Brief of State Respondents Ohio, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, the New Mexico State Environment Department, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Statutory Interpretation and Equality Law Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Steve Bullock, Governor of Montana, as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Stop Predatory Gambling, Center for Popular Democracy, Christian Coalition of America, Concerned Women for America, Faith & Freedom Coalition, Islamic Society of North America, National Association of Evangelicals, Public Good Law Center
 

Brief of Sturgis Public Schools, et al. Submitted
 

Brief of Tax Executives Institute, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Tax Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of Taxpayers against Fraud Education Fund as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Teach for America, Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents and Affirmance
 

Brief of Technology Experts as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Mississippi, New Hampshire, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, and Wyoming in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the American Academy of Attorney - Certified Public Accountants as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the American Antitrust Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the American Association for Justice in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief of the American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief of the American Civil Liberties Union, et al. as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief of the American Civil Liberties Union, the ACLU of Maryland and the New York Civil Liberties Union as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellants
 

Brief of the American Civil Liberties Union, the New York Civil Liberties Union, and the ACLU of Wisconsin Foundation as Amici Curiae, in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of the American Civil Rights Union as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the American Federation of Government Employees as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations as Amicus Curiae in Support of Affirmance of Judgment below
 

Brief of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the American Foundation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of the American Gaming Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the American Intellectual Property Law Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the American Medical Association, the American College of Physicians and 14 Additional Medical, Mental Health and Health Care Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of the American Psychological Association, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of the American Psychological Association, National Association of Social Workers, and National Association of Social Workers Colorado Chapter, as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Anti-Defamation League, Jewish Council for Public Affairs, T'ruah, Union for Reform Judaism, Central Conference of American Rabbis, and Women of Reform Judaism as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Association for Accessible Medicines as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief of the Association of American Railroads as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Australian Taxpayers' Alliance as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Autonomous Municipality of San Juan as Amicus Curiae Supporting the Appointments Clause Ruling and Challenging the De Facto Officer Ruling
 

Brief of the Bar of the City of New York in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO) as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief of the Boston Patent Law Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law, the League of Women Voters of the United States, and the League of Women Voters Minnesota as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the California Employment Law Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Campaign Legal Center and the Southern Coalition for Social Justice as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the Catholic Legal Immigration Network, Inc., and World Relief in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Cato Institute and American Conservative Union Foundation as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of the Cato Institute and Americans for Prosperity as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioenrs
 

Brief of the Cato Institute as Amici Curiae
 

Brief of the Cato Institute as Amicus Curiae Challenging the First Circuit's Ruling on the De Facto Officer Doctrine
 

Brief of the Cato Institute as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of the Cato Institute, NFIB Small Business Legal Center, Southeastern Legal Foundation, and Beacon Center as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of the Center for Competitive Politics, Center for Media Justice, Color of Change, Americans for Prosperity Foundation, and Tea Party Patriots in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Center for Democracy and Technology as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Center on the Administration of Criminal Law as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Chamber of Commerce for the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae Challenging the De Facto Officer Ruling
 

Brief of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the City of Little Rock, Arkansas, as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Clean Elections Institute, Inc., in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Clearing House Association L.L.C. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Competitive Enterprise Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Constitution Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the Copyright Alliance and the Chamber of Commerce of the United States as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the District of Columbia and the States of Idaho, Indiana, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, and Wyoming, as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the DKT Liberty Project, et al. as Amici Curiae
 

Brief of the DRA Entities as Amici Curiae Challenging the Appointments Clause Ruling and Supporting the De Facto Officer Doctrine Ruling
 

Brief of the Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund, Inc., in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the European Commission on Behalf of the European Union as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the Federal Parties
 

Brief of the First Amendment Foundation, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the American Civil Liberties Union of Florida as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Freedom Foundation and Economists as Amici Curiae in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief of the Freedom Partners Chamber of Commerce as Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of the Georgia State Conference of the NAACP, Lavelle Lemon, Marlon Reid, Celeste Sims, Patricia Smith, and Coley Tyson as Amici Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the Government of the United Mexican States as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief of the Government of the United Mexican States as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief of the H.T. Hackney Co. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Employers
 

Brief of the Human Rights Campaign, Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., the National Center for Lesbian Rights, the National LGBTQ Task Force, and PFLAG as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Idaho Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al. Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Idaho Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Innocence Network as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioner
 

Brief of the Intel Corporation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Petitioner nor Respondents
 

Brief of the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent NantKwest, Inc.
 

Brief of the Intellectual Property Owners Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the International Air Transport Association and Airlines for America as Amici Curiae in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief of the International Association of Defense Council in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the International Association of Fire Fighters as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, AFL-CIO, as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the International Center for Law and Religious Studies at Brigham Young University in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the International Trademark Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the Internet Association, Software & Information Industry Association, National Association of Realtors, Association of Global Automakers, Inc., Computer & Communications Industry Association and SAS Institute Inc. as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of the Islam and Religious Freedom Action Team of the Religious Freedom Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the James Madison Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Laborers' International Union of North America as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, Rock the Vote, the Nuns on the Bus of Ohio, the Texas Civil Rights Project, and the Center for Media and Democracy as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the League of Women Voters as Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellees
 

Brief of the League of Women Voters of the United States, League of Women Voters of Ohio, and the Brennan Center for Justice as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the Manufactured Housing Institute, American National Property And Casualty Company, American National General Insurance Company, Anpac Louisiana Insurance Company, Pacific Property & Casualty Company, and American National County Mutual Insurance Company, in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Maritime Law Association of the United States and the Association of Ship Brokers & Agents (USA) Inc. as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C., in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the Merchant Advisory Group as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the Mortgage Bankers Association and the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Inc., and the Georgia State Conference of the NAACP, Lavelle Lemon, Marlon Reid, Celeste Sims, Patricia Smith, and Coley Tyson as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the National Association of Certified Service Providers and the Software & Information Industry Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the American Civil Liberties Union as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the National Legal Aid and Defender Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers Association, the Connecticut Criminal Defense Lawyers Association, and the American Civil Liberties Union Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the National Association of Manufacturers and the Coalition for a Democratic Workplace as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners Epic Systems Corporation, Ernst & Young, LLP et al., and Respondent Murphy Oil USA, Inc.
 

Brief of the National Conference of State Legislatures, the National League of Cities, the National Association of Counties, the International City/County Management Association, the United States Conference of Mayors, and the International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the National Conference on Public Employee Retirement Systems as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the National District Attorney'??s Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the National Education Association et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the National Employment Law Association, the Equal Justice Society, and the Legal Aid Society-Employment Law Center in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the National Fraternal Order of Police, as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the National Fraternal Order of Police, as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent American Federal of State, County and Municipal Employees, Council 31
 

Brief of the National Fraternal Order of Police, as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent Matthew Jack Dwight Vogt
 

Brief of the National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, Council of State Governments, National Association of Counties, National League of Cities, US Conference of Mayors, International City/County Management Association,
 

Brief of the National Immigrant Justice Center and the American Immigration Lawyers Association as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of the National Immigrant Justice Center as in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the National Immigration Law Center, the Southern Poverty Law Center and 28 Additional Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs (COLPA) filed on behalf of the Orthodox Jewish Organizations and Rabbinical Courts in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the National League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors, National Association of Counties, International City/County Managembnet Association, International Municipal Lawyers Association, American Planning Association, and Scenic America, Inc. in Supoport of Respondent
 

Brief of the National Police Accountability Project as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief of the National Queer Asian Pacific Islander Alliance and Others as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the National Women's Law Center and Other Groups as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the National Women's Law Center and Other Women's Rights Groups as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of the New Civil Liberties Alliance as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the New Civil Liberties Alliance as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Employers
 

Brief of the New Sports Economy Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Brief of the New York City Municipal Labor Committee as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the New York County Lawyers Association as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief of the New York State Bar Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the North American Export Grain Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Petitioners
 

Brief of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Plaintiffs in the Maryland Redistricting Litigation, Benisek v. Lamone (Formerly Shapiro v. McManus), as Amici Curiae Supporting Neither Party
 

Brief of the Policing Project at New York University School of Law as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondent
 

Brief of the R Street Institute and Engine Advocacy as Amici Curiae
 

Brief of the R Street Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Recording Industry Association of America as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the Recording Industry Association of America, et al.
 

Brief of the Regents of the University of California, Janet Napolitano, and the City of San Jose in Opposition
 

Brief of the Respondent, State of Wisconsin
 

Brief of the Retail Litigation Center, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Roderick and Solange MacArthur Justice Center as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Rutherford Institute as Amicus Curiae
 

Brief of the Rutherford Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Rutherford Institute as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the Rutherford Institute as Amicus Curiae Supporting Petitioners
 

Brief of the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of the Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Brief of the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, and National Venture Capital Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, and the Business Roundtable as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the Society for Human Resource Management and HR Policy Association in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Southern Poverty Law Center, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of the State of Kansas and 12 Other States as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the State of Kansas in Opposition
 

Brief of the State of Utah and Twenty-Five Other States as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the State of Wisconsin as Amicus Curiae Supporting Appellees
 

Brief of the States of Iowa, Connecticut, Maryland, New Mexico, and Vermont in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of the States of Maryland, et al., as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of the Thomas More Society as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of the Trevor Project, PFLAG, and Family Equality as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of the U.S. Navy-Marine Corps Appellate Defense Division, et al., as Amici Curiae
 

Brief of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops and Other Christian Organizations in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of the United States of America in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Thirty-Seven Businesses and Organizations as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents
 

Brief of Tim Cook, Deirdre O'Brien, and Apple as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Tort Law Professors John C. P. Goldberg and Benjamin C. Zipursky as Amici Curiae
 

Brief of Torts Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of TOUSA Defendants in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Tribune Company Retirees and Noteholders as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Trout Unlimited as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Twenty-Three Illinois Pregnancy Care Centers as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of U.S. Companies as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Unified Patents Inc. as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Union of Arab Banks as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of United States Sentors as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of United We Dream and 50 Organizations as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of University of New Mexico as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of University Respondents
 

Brief of Upstate Forever and Savannah Riverkeeper as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Victims of Iranian Terrorism as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., the Home Depot, Inc., Target Corporation, Sears Holding Management Corporation, Jo-Ann Stores, LLC, and Merchant Trade Associations as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Walt Heyer, et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Walter Dellinger, Karen Dunn, Neal Katyal, Theodore B. Olson, and Seth Waxman as Amici Curiae in Support of the Employees
 

Brief of Washington Legal Foundation and Allied Educational Foundation as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Washington Legal Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Washington Legal Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Washington Legal Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Washington Legal Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Washington Legal Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Washington Legal Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief of Washington Legal Foundation as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Brief of Washington Legal Foundation as Amicus Curiae Supporting the Appointments Clause Ruling and Challenging the De Facto Officer Doctrine Ruling
 

Brief of Washington State and Local Officials (Current and Former) as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of Wayland Township, Wayland Area Chamber of Commerce, and Other Local Governments and Business Associations as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents and Affirmance
 

Brief of West Virginia and 30 Other States as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Brief of William N. Eskridge Jr. and Andrew M. Koppelman as Amici Curiae in Support of Employees
 

Brief of Women CEOs and Other C-Suite Executives as Amicae Curiae in Support of Petitioner Bostock and Respondents Zarda, Moore, and Stephens
 

Brief of Wychmere Shores Condominium Trust and Longwood Venues & Destinations, Inc. as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief of Yale Law School Center for Global Legal Challenges as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners
 

Brief on Reargument for International Human Rights Organizations in Support of Petitioner
 

Brief on the Merits for Appellant Republican National Committee
 

Brief on the Merits for Respondent
 

Brief Opposing Motion to Affirm
 

Brief Opposing Motions to Affirm from Appellants Robert A. Rucho, et al.
 

Brief Population and Family Scholars in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Professors of International Law and Legal History in Support of Respondent
 

Brief Smici Curiae of Seven Law Professors
 

Brief Southeastern Legal Foundation and the Center for Equal Opportunity in Support of Appellees
 

Brief the Dutch National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings and Sexual Violence against Children in Support of Responden
 

Brief the National Immigrant Justice Center and the American Immigration Lawyers Association in Support of Respondent
 

Brieffor Alabama, Virginia, Florida, South Carolina, Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, and Louisiana in Support of Appellants
 

Brieffor Civil Procedure Professors in Support of Petitioner
 

Brieffor Major B. Harding, Harry Lee Anstead, Stephen Grimes, Neal Roth, John M. Hogan, Buddy Schulz, John A. Devault III, Henry M. Coxe III, Richard Levenstein, Neal R. Sonnett, Burton Young, and Edward R. Blumberg in Support of Respondent
 

Brieffor National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Centerand Cato Institute in Support of Respondents
 

Brieffor Petitioner Alex Blueford
 

Brieffor Petitioner State of Florida
 

Brieffor Respondent Joelis Jardines
 

Brieffor Respondent the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group of the U.S. House of Representatives
 

Brieffor State and Local Judicial Reform Groups in Support of Respondent
 

Brieffor the American Intellectual Property Law association in Support of Neither Party
 

Brieffor the Constitution Project in Support of Respondent
 

Brieffor the Licensing Executive Society (USA and Canada), Inc., in Support of Neither Party
 

Brieffor the United States in Support of Respondent
 

Brieffor theNational Association of Judiciary Interpreters and Translators in Support of Petitioner
 

Brieffor United Policyholders in Support of Petitioner
 

Briefof Petitioner Chunan L. Bailey, A/K/A Polo
 

Briefof Petitioner Menachem Binyamin Zivotofsky, by his parents and guardian, Ari Z andNaomi Siegman Zivotofsky
 

Briefof Respondent Antoine Jones
 

Briefof Respondent State of Illinois
 

Brier for the Ethics Bureau at Yale, et al. in Support of Petitioner
 

By The Numbers: Certifying Class Actions Based On Statistics
 

By The Numbers: Certifying Class Actions Based On Statistics
 

Can Congress Enact A Law Directing That Certain Assets Shall Be Subject To Execution In A Particular, Identified Case Pending In The Federal Courts
 

Certificate of Compliance Filed with Respect to Brief Amici Curiae Brief of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail Transportation Workers, et al.
 

Certificate of Service - Brief of Respondent United States in Opposition
 

Certificate of Service Filed with Respect to Amici Curiae Brief of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail Transportation Workers, et al.
 

Clash Of The Sovereigns Ii: Does The Younger Abstention Doctrine Distinguish Between Coercive And Remedial State Court Proceedings - Sprint Communications Company, Lp V. Jacobs
 

Class Respondents' Reply to Supplemental Briefs on Article III Standing
 

Class Respondents' Response to Petitioners' Supplemental Brief
 

Class Respondents' Supplemental Brief on Article III Standing
 

Consent Motion for Leave to Dispense with Joint Appendix
 

Consolidated Brief of Petitioners Filed (Also in 22-506).
 

Consolidated Brief of Petitioners Filed (also in 22-535)
 

Consolidated Brief of State Respondents Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Consolidated Brief of State Respondents Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Consolidated Joint Appendix Filed (Also in 22-506).
 

Consolidated Joint Appendix Filed (also in 22-535)
 

Consolidated Opening and Reply Brief of the Official Committee of Retired Employees of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
 

Consolidated Opening Brief and Reply of Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors of All Title III Debtors other than COFINA
 

Consolidated Opening Brief for Petitioner Union de Trabajadores de la Industria Electrica y Riego, Inc.
 

Consolidated Opening Brief of Rebekah Gee, Secretary, Louisiana Dept. of Health and Hospitals
 

Consolidated Opening Brief on the Merits of Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General
 

Consolidated Reply Brief of Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General Filed. VIDED
 

Consolidated Reply Brief of Petitioners (Also in 22-506)
 

Consolidated Reply Brief of State Respondents Filed (Also in 21-463).
 

Consolidated Reply Brief of State Respondents Filed (Also in 21-588).
 

Constitutionality Of Saying A Prayer At A City Council Meeting: May America Bless God - Town Of Greece, New York V. Galloway, The
 

Corrected Appendix to the Petition (Submitted February 18, 2021).
 

Corrected Brief Amici Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 

Corrected Brief Amici Curiae of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty in Support of Petitioners
 

Corrected Brief for Petitioner
 

Corrected Certificate of Compliance from the Electronic Privacy Information Center
 

Corrected Certificate of Service for Amicus Curiae Harvard TPS Coalition
 

Corrected Certificate of Word Compliance Filed with Respect to Amici Curiae of Jonathan F. Mitchell and Adam K. Mortara.
 

Declaration of Joshua Rosenkranz in Support of Letter Brief
 

Do State Requirements For Abortion Providers That Are Purportedly Designed To Protect Women's Safety, But That, If Upheld, Will Force The Closure Of Many Or Most Abortion Clinics In The State, Violate The Right To An Abortion
 

Do State Requirements For Abortion Providers That Are Purportedly Designed To Protect Women's Safety, But That, If Upheld, Will Force The Closure Of Many Or Most Abortion Clinics In The State, Violate The Right To An Abortion
 

Do State Requirements For Abortion Providers That Are Purportedly Designed To Protect Women's Safety, But That, If Upheld, Will Force The Closure Of Many Or Most Abortion Clinics In The State, Violate The Right To An Abortion
 

Do The Elections Clause And Federal Law Permit Arizona To Use An Independent Commission To Adopt Congressional Districts: Does The Arizona State Legislature Have Standing To Challenge The Commission: Arizona State Legislature V. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission
 

Does A Defendant's Settlement Offer That Would Provide Complete Relief To An Individual Plaintiff Moot The Plaintiff's Case - Is A Government Contractor Entitled To Derivative Sovereign Immunity From Suit
 

Does The False Claims Act Prohibit Someone From Claiming Payment Knowing They Have Violated The Conditions For Payment
 

Does The False Claims Act Prohibit Someone From Claiming Payment Knowing They Have Violated The Conditions For Payment
 

Does The Guidance By The Secretary Of Homeland Security Directing Department Officers To Consider Deferred Action On Removal Or Certain Aliens Violate The Immigration And Naturalization Act, Notice-and-comment Rulemaking Under The Administrative Procedures Act, Or The Take Care Clause Of The Constitution: Can A State Challenge That Guidance In Federal Court
 

Does The Guidance By The Secretary Of Homeland Security Directing Department Officers To Consider Deferred Action On Removal Or Certain Aliens Violate The Immigration And Naturalization Act, Notice-and-comment Rulemaking Under The Administrative Procedures Act, Or The Take Care Clause Of The Constitution: Can A State Challenge That Guidance In Federal Court
 

Does The Guidance By The Secretary Of Homeland Security Directing Department Officers To Consider Deferred Action On Removal Or Certain Aliens Violate The Immigration And Naturalization Act, Notice-and-comment Rulemaking Under The Administrative Procedures Act, Or The Take Care Clause Of The Constitution: Can A State Challenge That Guidance In Federal Court
 

Does The Guidance By The Secretary Of Homeland Security Directing Department Officers To Consider Deferred Action On Removal Or Certain Aliens Violate The Immigration And Naturalization Act, Notice-and-comment Rulemaking Under The Administrative Procedures Act, Or The Take Care Clause Of The Constitution: Can A State Challenge That Guidance In Federal Court
 

Does The Prison Litigation Reform Act's Exhaustion Requirement Include An Unwritten Exception For An Inmate Who Reasonably, But Mistakenly, Believed That He Satisfied The Requirement
 

Emergency Application for Stay Pending Resolution of Direct Appeal to This Court
 

European Economic Community V. Rjr Nabisco, Inc.: Has The Second Circuit Ignited A Second Explosion In Civil Rico Claims
 

For The Second Time, Does The University Of Texas At Austin Improperly Use Race As A Factor In Undergraduate Admissions
 

For The Second Time, Does The University Of Texas At Austin Improperly Use Race As A Factor In Undergraduate Admissions
 

For The Second Time, Does The University Of Texas At Austin Improperly Use Race As A Factor In Undergraduate Admissions
 

For The Second Time, Does The University Of Texas At Austin Improperly Use Race As A Factor In Undergraduate Admissions
 

For The Second Time, Does The University Of Texas At Austin Improperly Use Race As A Factor In Undergraduate Admissions
 

For The Second Time, Does The University Of Texas At Austin Improperly Use Race As A Factor In Undergraduate Admissions
 

For The Second Time, Does The University Of Texas At Austin Improperly Use Race As A Factor In Undergraduate Admissions
 

For The Second Time, Does The University Of Texas At Austin Improperly Use Race As A Factor In Undergraduate Admissions
 

Fourth Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Denard Stokeling
 

Inc. In Support Of Respondents And Urging Affirmance"
 

Intellectual Property Amicus Brief Clinic of the UNH School of Law in Support of Respondent
 

Intellectual Property Brief of the University of New Hampshire School of Law in Support of Neither Party
 

Intervenors Response
 

Intervenors' Opening Brief
 

Intervenors' Opening Brief
 

Is An Order Denying Confirmation Of A Bankruptcy Plan A Final Order That Is Appealable As Of Right: Bullard V. Blue Hills Bank
 

Joint Appellees' Reply Brief as to Interimcongressional Plan
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

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Joint Appendix
 

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Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix
 

Joint Appendix (2 Volumes & 1 Supplemental) Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (2 Volumes & 1 Supplemental) Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (2 Volumes)
 

Joint appendix (2 Volumes)
 

Joint Appendix (2 Volumes)
 

Joint Appendix (2 Volumes)
 

Joint Appendix (3 Volumes) Filed
 

Joint Appendix (3 Volumes) Filed (in 21-707)
 

Joint Appendix (3 Volumes) Filed (in 21-707)
 

Joint Appendix (3 Volumes) Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (3 Volumes) Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (3 Volumes) Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (3 Volumes) Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (3 Volumes) Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (4 Volumes) Filed (as to 20-1199)
 

Joint Appendix (as to 22-6389) Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (Redacted Copies for the Public)
 

Joint Appendix (Two Volumes)
 

Joint Appendix (Two Volumes)
 

Joint Appendix (Two Volumes) Filed. (Statement of Cost Filed).
 

Joint Appendix (Two Volumes) Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed.)
 

Joint appendix (Volume 1)
 

Joint appendix (Volume 2)
 

Joint Appendix (Volume I)
 

Joint Appendix (Volume I) Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (Volumes I and II) Filed. (Statement of Cost Filed)
 

Joint Appendix (Volumes I, II, & III)
 

Joint Appendix (Volumes I, II, & III) Filed. (Statement of Cost Filed).
 

Joint Appendix (Volumes I, II, & III) Filed. (Statement of Cost Filed).
 

Joint appendix -4 Volumes (as to 20-1199) Filed (Statement of Costs Filed).
 

Joint Appendix and 1 Supplemental Volume
 

Joint Appendix Filed
 

Joint Appendix Filed
 

Joint Appendix Filed (2 Volumes). (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (2 Volumes). (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (2 Volumes). (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (2 Volumes). (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (4 Volumes)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (4 Volumes). VIDED. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (7 Volumes & 1 Sealed Volume)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (7 Volumes & 1 Sealed Volume).
 

Joint Appendix Filed (in 19-251). (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (in 19-255).
 

Joint Appendix Filed (in 20-1410). (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (in 21-401). (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (in 21-518).
 

Joint Appendix Filed (in 21-5261). (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Cost Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Cost Filed)
 

Joint appendix filed (statement of cost filed).
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Filed).
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Statement of Costs Received)
 

Joint Appendix Filed (Three Volumes) VIDED (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Received)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. VIDED. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Distributed) (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Cost Filed.)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Cost Filed.)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of costs filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of costs filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of costs filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of costs filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of costs filed)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed).
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed).
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed).
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed).
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed.)
 

Joint Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed.) VIDED
 

Joint Appendix Redacted Volume for the Public Record (File Date of December 20, 2021). Note: Revised Redacted Volume Filed February 18, 2022.
 

Joint Appendix Revised Redacted Volume for the Public Record (Filed 2/18/22)
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 16-1140
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 16-1220
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 16-1435
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 16-1454
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 16-1519
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 16-9493
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 17-21
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 17-312
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 17-387
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 17-432
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 17-530
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 17-5716
 

Joint Appendix to Docket 17-965
 

Joint Appendix Volume 1
 

Joint Appendix Volume 2
 

Joint Appendix Volume I & II filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Volume I and II
 

Joint Appendix Volume I, II, and III Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Volume III (Redacted) Filed. (Docketed 8/2/21).
 

Joint Appendix Volumes 1 and 2 with Supplemental Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix Volumes 1 and 2 with Supplemental Appendix Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix, including Addendum CD of Video Exhibit, Filed. (Statement of Costs Filed)
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume I
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume II
 

Joint Appendix, Volume III
 

Joint Appendix, Volume III
 

Joint Appendix, Volume III
 

Joint Appendix, Volume III
 

Joint Appendix, Volume IV
 

Joint Appendix, Volume IV
 

Joint Appendix, Volume IV
 

Joint Appendix, Volume IV
 

Joint Appendix, Volume IV, Part 2
 

Joint Appendix, Volume IV, Part 3
 

Joint Appendix, Volume IV, Part 4
 

Joint Appendix, Volume IX
 

Joint Appendix, Volume V
 

Joint Appendix, Volume V
 

Joint Appendix, Volume VI
 

Joint Appendix, Volume VII
 

Joint Appendix, Volume VIII
 

Joint Motion for Divided Argument and Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument Filed by Appellees.
 

Joint Motion for Divided Argument by Petitioner Bostock and Respondents Zarda and Moore
 

Joint Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondents
 

Joint Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondents.
 

Joint Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondents.
 

Joint Motion for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument and for Divided Argument Filed by Appellees.
 

Joint Motion for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument and for Divided Argument
 

Joint Motion of Appellees for Divided Argument and Enlargement of Argument Time
 

Joint Motion of Aurelius, Assured, and UTIER for Enlargement of Argument Time and Divided Argument
 

Joint Motion of Petitioners for Divided Argument and Enlargement of Argument Time
 

Joint Motion of Respondents and Amicus Curiae Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China for Leave to Allow Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Joint Motion of Respondents for Enlargement of Argument Time and Divided Argument and Response to Motion by State of Texas for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument
 

Joint Motion of the Parties and the Solicitor General for Leave to File a Revised Redacted Joint Appendix for the Public Record
 

Joint Motion of the Parties for Divided Argument and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Joint Motion of the Parties, Muscogee (Creek) Nation, and the Solicitor General for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument and for Divided Argument
 

Joint Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix
 

Joint Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix
 

Joint Reply Brief for Petitioners in nos. 12-1248, 12-1254, 12-1268, and 12-1272
 

Joint, Unopposed Motion of Respondents Affluere Investments, Inc. and Tennessee Fine Wines & Spirits, LLC for Divided Argument
 

Law and History Professors' Brief as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Letter Brief for Petitioner Jamal Kiyemba, et al.
 

Letter Brief for Respondent Barack H. Obama, President of the United States of America, et al.
 

Letter from Clerk of Court to Counsel of Record Noting That Justice Sotomayor Will Not Continue to Participate in No. 19-518.
 

Letter of Petitioner Charles Borden, Jr.
 

Letter of Respondent United States
 

Lodging of Petitioners Consisting of a Redacted Transcript in Related Case
 

MCCULLEN v. COAKLEY
 

Memorandum of Respondent United States
 

Memorandum of Respondent United States
 

Memorandum of Respondents Department of the Interior, et al.
 

Merits Brief for Respondents Eric Jones and the Law Office of Eric A. Jones, LLC in Support of Petitioners
 

Motion (17A550) for Leave to File Amici Brief and Motion for Leave to File Brief in Compliance with Rule 33.2 Filed by the State of New York, et al.
 

Motion (17A550) for Leave to File Amici Brief and Motion for Leave to File Brief in Compliance with Rule 33.2 Filed by the State of Texas, et al.
 

Motion for an extension of time filed.
 

Motion for an Extension of Time to File the Briefs on the Merits
 

Motion for Appointment of Counsel
 

Motion for Appointment of Counsel
 

Motion for Divided Argument and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument Filed Jointly by Agent Respondents in Support
 

Motion for Divided Argument and for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument
 

Motion for Divided Argument and for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by American Federation of Government Employees, Local 3970
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioner Arthur Gregory Lange.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioner Facebook, Inc.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioner in No. 22-674 and Respondents in No. 22-884
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioners FCC, et al.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioners Janet L. Yellen, Secretary of the Treasury.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioners United States Forest Service, et al.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioners.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioners.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Puerto Rico Fiscal Agency and Financial Advisory Authority.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondent in Support of Reversal.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondent Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondent Nancy A. Berryhill, Deputy Commisioner for Operations, Social Security Administration.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondent Steven Aiello in Support of Petitioner
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondent United States
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondent Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondent William Baroni
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondents
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondents.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondents.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by Respondents.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by the Acting Solicitor General.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by the Solicitor General
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by the Solicitor General
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by the Solicitor General.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by the Solicitor General.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by the Solicitor General.
 

Motion for Divided Argument Filed by the Solicitor General.
 

Motion for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument and for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioner Seila Law LLC
 

Motion for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument and for Divided Argument Filed by Petitioners.
 

Motion for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument and for Divided Argument Filed by the Acting Solicitor General.
 

Motion for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument, for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument Filed by Criminal Justice Legal Foundation.
 

Motion for Leave and Brief for Amicus Curiae Chicago Access Corporation
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of a Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of a Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix in No. 19-431 Filed by Petitioner (in 19-431).
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix in No. 19-454 Filed (in 19-454).
 

Motion for Leave to Dispense with the Requirement of a Joint Appendix
 

Motion for Leave to File a Brief Amicus Curiae and Brief of the Association of American Railroads
 

Motion for Leave to File a Brief out of Time Filed by Respondent.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Bief Filed by Sanctuary for Families, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief and Motion for Leave to File Brief in Compliance with Rule 33.2 Filed by Human Coalition, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief and Motion for Leave to File Brief in Compliance with Rule 33.2 Filed by Indiana, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief and Motion for Leave to File Brief in Compliance with Rule 33.2 Filed by Massachusetts, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief and Motion for Leave to File Brief in Compliance with Rule 33.2 Filed by Medical Organizations.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by 33 State Hospital Associations.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by 78 Computer Scientists.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by Administrative Law, Constitutional Law, and Civil Procedure Scholars.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by Law Professors
 

Motion for Leave to File amici Brief Filed by Legal Scholars and Academics.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by Legal Scholars Leah Litman, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by Liberty Justice Center, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by Planned Parenthood of Greater Texas Surgical Health Services, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by the Rutherford Institute, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by US Senators Lisa Murkowski, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief Filed by US Senators Lisa Murkowski, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Brief out of Time Filed by Law Professors
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Curiae Brief and Brief of Law Professors as Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Curiae Brief Filed by Advancing American Freedom, Inc., et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Curiae Brief Filed by Current and Former Prosecutors and Law Enforcement Leaders, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Curiae Brief Filed by Louisiana, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amici Curiae Brief Filed by United States Representatives from Alabama
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Brief Filed by American Federation of Teachers in Support of Applicants
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Brief Filed by Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Brief Filed by Borrower Advocacy and Legal Aid Organizations in Support of Applicants
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Brief Filed by Fenaba Addo, Alan Aja, Dominique Baker, Raphael Charron-Chenier, Mathieu Despard, Darrick Hamilton, Jason Houle, Martha Ross, Stephen Roll, Louise Seamster, and Thomas Shapiro
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Brief Filed by Hamilton Lincoln Law Institute
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Brief Filed by Law Professors
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Brief Filed by Utah, Ohio, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Texas, West Virginia, and Wyoming
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Brief in Support of Application to Vacate Injunction Filed by Former Representative George Miller
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Brief of Washington State Association of Counties and Association of Washington Cities as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief and Motion for Leave to File Brief in Compliance with Rule 33.2 Filed by the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Adam Oustatcher.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Arizona, Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Indiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Constitutional Accountability Center
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Constitutional Accountability Center.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Countrymark Refining and Logistics, LLC.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Georgia Goal Scholarship Program, Inc.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Immigration Reform Law Institute.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Institute for Free Speech (7/31/2020).
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by International Institute for Conflict Prevention & Resolution, Inc.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Lignite Energy Council.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Pioneer Institute, Inc.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Professor Stephen I. Vladeck.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Texas Medical Association.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by the American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by the Cato Institute.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief Filed by Thomas E. Weaver.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief out of Time Filed by ACA International, Inc.
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief out of Time Filed by Partnership for Conservation (7/31/2020).
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief and Brief for the American Association of Justice in Support of Petitioner
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief Filed by Alabama Center for Law and Liberty
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief Filed by John Wahl, Chairman, Alabama State Republican Executive Committee
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief Filed by the National Republican Redistricting Trust
 

Motion For Leave To File Amicus Curiae Brief of Professors of Law Teaching In The Property Law and Water Rights Fields and Amicus Curiae Brief in Support of Respondent
 

Motion for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief out of Time Filed by Agudath Israel of America.
 

Motion for Leave to File and Brief for Professors Adam Lamparello and Charles MacLean in Support of Neither Party
 

Motion for Leave to File and Brief of Amicus Curiae Filed by Immigration Reform Law Institute.
 

Motion for Leave to File Brief as Amicus Curiae and Brief of Amicus Curiae David Boyle in Support of Respondents
 

Motion for Leave to File Brief as Amicus Curiae and Brief of Representative-Elect David Trone
 

Motion for Leave to File Brief of Amicus Curiae by Electronic Frontier Foundation and Brief of Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondent
 

Motion for Leave to File Brief Out of Time and Brief Amicus Curiae for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America in Support of Respondent
 

Motion for Leave to File Brief Out of Time and Brief Amicus Curiae for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Respondent
 

Motion for Leave to File Brief out of Time and Brief for Amicus Curiae Houston Intellectual Property Law Association in Support of Neither Party
 

Motion for Leave to File Brief Out of Time and Brief of Ananda M. Chakrabarty, Ph.D., in Support of Petitioner
 

Motion For Leave To File Brief Out Of Time and Brief of Immigration Reform Law Institute in Support of Respondent
 

Motion for Leave to File One Volume of the Joint Appendix under Seal
 

Motion for Leave to File Out of Time Amicus Curiae Brief and Brief for J. Clark Kelso, Receiver for Medical Healthcare for the California State Prisons in Support of Neither Party
 

Motion for Leave to File Post-Argument Brief and Post-Argument Brief for the Respondent Kathleen M. Winn, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File Response and Response to Post-Argument Brief for the Petitioner Arizona Christian School of Tuition Organization
 

Motion for Leave to File Supplemental Brief After Oral Argument and Supplemental Brief of Refugio Palomar-Santiago Submitted.
 

Motion for Leave to File the Joint Appendix Pursuant to Rule 33.2 Filed by Petitioners June Medical Services L.L.C., et al.
 

Motion for Leave to File the Joint Appendix under Seal with Redacted Copies for the Public Record Filed by Petitioner Henry Schein, Inc.
 

Motion for Leave to File Volume II of the Joint Appendix under Seal
 

Motion for Leave to File Volume II of the Joint Appendix under Seal Filed by Petitioner Adaucto Chavez-Meza.
 

Motion for Leave to File Volume II of the Joint Appendix under Seal Filed by Respondent Bryan Collier.
 

Motion for Leave to File Volume III of the Joint Appendix under Seal with Redacted Copies for the Public Record Filed by Petitioner United States.
 

Motion for Leave to File Volume IV of the Joint Appendix under Seal Filed by Respondents Cecilia Polanco, et al. (as to 21-707)
 

Motion for Leave to Intervene Filed by Sheriff Brad Coe, et al.
 

Motion for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument and for Expanded Argument
 

Motion for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument and for Expanded Argument
 

Motion for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument Filed by the Acting Solicitor General.
 

Motion for Leave to Present Oral Argument Pro Hac Vice
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis Filed by Respondent Andre Ralph Haymond
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis Filed by Respondent Jasmin Isabel Morales
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis Filed by Respondent Justin Eugene Taylor.
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis Filed by Respondent Mark William Ring
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis Filed by Respondent Michael Andrew Gary.
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis Filed by Respondent Moises Patricio-Guzman
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis Filed by Respondent Refugio Palomar-Santiago.
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis Filed by Respondent Rene Sanchez-Gomez
 

Motion for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis Filed by Respondent Victor Stitt
 

Motion of Aditya Bamzai for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of Alan B. Morrison for Leave to File a Brief as Amicus Curiae out of Time
 

Motion of Amici Curiae the International Municipal Lawyers Association, National League of Cities, and U.S. Conference of Mayors for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of Association of Credit & Collection Professionals (ACA) for Leave to File Amicus Brief Submitted.
 

Motion of Davis R. Robinson, Abraham D. Sofaer, David P. Stewart, and Edwin Williamson to Consider Brief of Amici Curiae Filed by Movants in Germany v. Phillip, No. 19-351 as an Amici Curiae Brief in This Case Filed by Davis R. Robinson, et al.
 

Motion of Former Professor Roy A. Katriel for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of Minnesota, et al. for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amici Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of Motion Picture Association, Inc. for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of Petitioner for Leave to Proceed Further Herein in Forma Pauperis and for Appointment of Counsel
 

Motion of Professors of Patent and Administrative Law for Leave to File Amicus Brief Submitted.
 

Motion of Respondent for Leave to File the Joint Appendix under Seal with Redacted Copies for the Public Record
 

Motion of Respondents Markle Interests, LLC, et al. in Support of Petitioner for Divided Argument
 

Motion of St. Thomas More Lawyers Guild of Rochester, New York for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Federal Respondent for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Respondent for Divided Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Rutherford Institute for Leave to File an Amicus Brief and Amicus Curiae Brief in Support of Petitioner
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the Solicitor General for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae, for Divided Argument, and for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument
 

Motion of the United States and the Financial Oversight and Management Board for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of the United States for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of United States for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae and for divided argument
 

Motion of United States House of Representatives for Leave to File a Brief as Amicus Curiae out of Time
 

Motion of United States House of Representatives for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion of United States House of Representatives for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Motion to Affirm Filed by Appellees Common Cause, et al.
 

Motion to Affirm Filed by Appellees John Benisek, et al.
 

Motion to Affirm Filed by Appellees League of Women Voters of North Carolina, et al.
 

Motion to Affirm Filed by Appellees New York et al. (Government Appellees).
 

Motion to Affirm Filed by Appellees the South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP, et al.
 

Motion to Affirm or Dismiss Filed by Appellees Ted Cruz for Senate, et al.
 

Motion to Appoint Counsel Filed by Petitioner Adaucto Chavez-Meza.
 

Motion to Appoint Counsel Filed by Petitioner Evangelisto Ramos.
 

Motion to Appoint Counsel Filed by Petitioner Gonzalo Holguin-Hernandez
 

Motion to Appoint Counsel Filed by Petitioner Jimcy McGirt.
 

Motion to Appoint Counsel Filed by Petitioner Marion Wilson.
 

Motion to Appoint Counsel Filed by Respondent Andre Levon Glover
 

Motion to Appoint Counsel Filed by Respondent Joshua James Cooley.
 

Motion to Appoint Counsel Filed by Respondent Michael Andrew Gary.
 

Motion to Appoint Counsel Filed by Respondent Refugio Palomar-Santiago.
 

Motion to Dismiss as Moot
 

Motion to Dismiss or Affirm and Supplemental Appendix Filed by Appellees Eddie Rodriguez, et al.
 

Motion to Dismiss or Affirm Filed by Appellees Golden Bethune-Hill, et al.
 

Motion to Dismiss or Affirm Filed by Appellees Mexican American Legislative Caucus, et al.
 

Motion to Dismiss or Affirm Filed by Appellees New York Immigration Coalition, et al.
 

Motion to Dismiss or Affirm Filed by Appellees Texas Latino Redistricting Task Force.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Alfred H. Siegel, Trustee of the Circuit City Stores, Inc. Liquidating Trust
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Arthur Gregory Lange.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Charles Borden, Jr.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner CIC Services, LLC.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Clemente A. Pereida.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner David Babcock.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Donald Trump
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Great Lakes Insurance SE.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Jane Cummings.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Jimcy McGirt.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Le Roy Torres.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Manfredo Salinas.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Mark E. Pulsifer
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Michael Nance
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Situ Kamu Wilkinson
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Southwest Airlines Co.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Tae D. Johnson, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner Tarahrick Terry.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner United States
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner United States.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner United States.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner United States.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner United States.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioner.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners Albence, Dir. of U.S. Immigration, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners Ashley Sveen, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners FNU Tanzin, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners Frederick L. Allen, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners Hanna Karcho Polselli, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners Harold Shurtleff, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners in No. 19-1442.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners in No. 20-105.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners Jesus C. Hernandez, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners Kirstjen M. Nielsen, Secretary of Homeland Security, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners National Collegiate Athletic Association.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners Pankajkumar S. Patel, et al.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by Petitioners.
 

Motion to Dispense with Printing the Joint Appendix Filed by the United States.
 

Motion to Dispense with the Requirement of a Joint Appendix
 

Motion to Dispense with the Requirement of a Joint Appendix
 

Motion to Dispense with the Requirement of a Joint Appendix
 

Motion to Divide Costs Filed by Respondents Hawaii Wildlife Fund, et al.
 

Motion to Expedite Briefing of the Petition for a Writ of Certiorari before Judgment Filed by Petitioner Students for Fair Admissions, Inc.
 

Motion to Expedite Consideration of the Jurisdictional Statement Filed by Appellants.
 

Motion to Expedite Consideration of the Petition for a Writ of Certiorari before Judgment Filed by Petitioners.
 

Motion to Expedite Consideration of the Petition for a Writ of Certiorari Filed by Petitioner.
 

Motion to Expedite Consideration of the Petition for a Writ of Certiorari Filed by Petitioners
 

Motion to Expedite Consideration of the Petition for a Writ of Certiorari Filed by Petitioners
 

Motion to Expedite Filed by Petitioner Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors of All Title III Debtors other than Cofina.
 

Motion to File a Supplemental Response Brief after Oral Argument Filed by Petitioner United States.
 

Motion to File Post-Argument Brief and Post Argument Brief of Petitioner
 

Motion to File Respondent's Brief on the Merits under Seal with Redacted Copies for the Public Record
 

Motion to Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Motion to Modify Opinion of David Martinez Ramirez and Barry Lee Jones Submitted
 

Motion to Modify or Amend the Question Presented Filed by Appellees and Respondents
 

Motion to Supplement the Record and to File Certain Documents under Seal Filed by Rebekah Gee, Secretary, Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals.
 

Motion to Tax Cost Award and Waive Costs for Indigent Respondents of John Doe I, et al. Submitted.
 

Motion to Vacate the Judgment of the Court of Appeals and Remand the Case with Directions to Dismiss as Moot
 

Municipal Brief for Respondents
 

Notice of Substitution of Counsel of Record
 

Notice of Withdrawal of His Suggestion of Mootness as to Coinbase, Inc. v. Suski, et al, Filed by Respondent Abraham Bielski.
 

On Writ of Certiorari to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit: David Jennings et al., v. Alejandro Rodriguez, et al.
 

On Writs of Certiorari to the United States Courts of Appeals for the Eleventh, Second, and Sixth Circuits
 

Opening Brief for Appellants
 

Opening Brief for Joint Appellees the Rodriguez Appellees, LULAC General Counsel, the City of Austin, Travis County, and the Quesada Appellees
 

Opening Brief for Petitioner the Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico
 

Opening Brief for Respondents
 

Opening Brief of Smith & Nephew, Inc., et al.
 

Opening Brief of the Official Committee of Retired Employees of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
 

Opening Brief of United States
 

Opposition of Petitioner Weyerhaeuser Company to Motion for Divided Argument of Respondents Markle Interests, LLC, et al. in Support of Petitioner
 

Opposition to Appellees' Motions to Dismiss or Affirm from Appellants Virginia House of Delegates, et al.
 

Opposition to Motion of Appellants Linda Lamone, et al.
 

Opposition to Motion of Senate Appellants, et al.
 

Opposition to Motion of the Solicitor General Filed by Petitioner Tim Shoop
 

Opposition to Motion to Affirm or Dismiss Filed by Appellant Federal Election Commission.
 

Opposition to Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Opposition to Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari before Judgment
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari before Judgment
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari before Judgment
 

Petition for a Writ of Certiorari Filed. (Response due February 10, 2020)
 

Petition for Rehearing
 

Petition for Rehearing
 

Petition for Rehearing
 

Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Petitioner Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization's Reply Brief to Respondent's Supplemental Brief Regarding Change in State Law
 

Petitioner Gale Garriott's Reply to Respondent's Supplemental Brief Regarding a Change in State Law
 

Petitioner Letter Brief
 

Petitioner Toby Douglas, Director, Department of Health Care Services, State of California, Supplemental Brief Letter
 

Petitioner Toby Douglas, Director, Department of Health Care Services, State of California, Supplemental Exhibit B
 

Petitioner Toby Douglas, Director, Department of Health Care Services, State of California, Supplemental Exhibit B1
 

Petitioner's Application to Extend Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petitioner's Application to Extend Time to File Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Petitioner's Brief
 

Petitioner's Brief, Jenny Rubin, et al.
 

Petitioner's Motion for Appointment of Counsel under the Criminal Justice Act
 

Petitioner's Opposition to Respondent's Motion to Dismiss as Moot
 

Petitioner's Opposition to Suggestion of Mootness
 

Petitioner's Reply Brief
 

Petitioner's Reply Brief
 

Petitioner's Reply Brief
 

Petitioner's Reply in Support of Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petitioner's Reply to Respondent Brief in Opposition
 

Petitioner's Supplemental Opening Brief
 

Petitioners' Application to Extend Time to File a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Petitioners' Brief on the Merits
 

Petitioners' Motion for Leave to File Supplemental Brief and Petitioners' Supplemental Brief
 

Petitioners' Opposition to Roy A. Katriel's Motion for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Petitioners' Reply Brief
 

Petitioners' Reply Brief
 

Petitioners' Reply Brief
 

Petitioners' Reply Brief
 

Petitioners' Reply Brief, Jesus C. Hernandez, et al.
 

Petitioners' Reply on the Merits
 

Petitioners' Response to Suggestion of Mootness
 

Petitioners' Unopposed Application for Leave to File a Reply Brief in Excess of Word Limits
 

Plata and Coleman Appellees'?? Motion for Leave to File Supplement Brief and Supplement Brief
 

Pliva, Inc., Et Al. V. Mensing - Actavis Elizabeth V. Mensing - Actavis, Inc. V. Demahy
 

Preview of United States Supreme Court Cases
 Vols. 1973-2006; 34-48 (1973-2021)

Proof of Service
 

Public Joint Appendix - Volume I
 

Redacted Brief of Respondent Robert Boule (Filed 1/19/22)
 

Redacted Order and Redacted Certified English Translation of December 16, 2021 Order of Court of First Instance of Milan Lodged.
 

Reply and Response Brief for the Federal Parties
 

Reply and Response Brief for the United States
 

Reply Brief
 

Reply Brief
 

Reply Brief
 

Reply Brief for Amgen Inc. And Amgen Manufacturing Limited
 

Reply Brief for Appellant Arizona State Legislature
 

Reply Brief for Appellant Shaun McCutcheon
 

Reply Brief for Appellants
 

Reply Brief for Appellants
 

Reply Brief for Appellants
 

Reply Brief for Appellants
 

Reply Brief for Appellants Beverly R. Gill, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellants Greg Abbott, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellants Robert A. Rucho, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellants Robert J. Wittman, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellants Sue Evenwel, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellants Virginia House of Delegates, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellants Wesley W. Harris, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellants, Alabama Democratic Conference, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellants, Alabama Legislative Black Caucus, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellees Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellees Texas Latino Redistricting Task Force, Texas Mexican American Legislative Caucus and Shannon Perez, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Appellees Wendy Davis, League of United Latin American Citizens, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Court-Appointed Amica Curiae
 

Reply Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae Arguing Against Jurisdiction
 

Reply Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae James A. Feldman in Support of Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae Supporting Reversal
 

Reply Brief for Federal Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Guardian Ad Litem, as Representative of Respondent Baby Girl, Supporting Reversal
 

Reply Brief for Intervenors-Respondents Jane Does
 

Reply Brief for Peitioner, Bruce James Abramski, Jr.
 

Reply Brief for Petitiner, Greg McQuiggin
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief For Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - Town of Chester v. Laroe Estates
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - Advocate Health Care Network, et al., v. Maria Stapleton, et al.; Saint Peter's Healthcare System, et al., v. Laurence Kaplan; Dignity Health, et al., v. Starla Rollins
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - BNSF Railway Company v. Kelli Tyrrell
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - California Public Employees' Retirement System v. ANZ Securities, Inc., et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - Charles R. Kokesh v. Securities and Exchange Commission
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - Erick Daniel Davila v. Lorie Davis, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - Jae Lee v. United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - McWilliams Jr. v. Dunn
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - Overton v. United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - Perry v. Merit
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - Terry M. Honeycutt v. United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner - Weaver v. Massachusetts
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner A.T. Wall, Director, Rhode Island Department of Corrections
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Abigail Noel Fisher
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Abigail Noel Fisher
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Actavis, Inc., and Actavis Elizabeth LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Adrian Moncrieffe
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Akio and Fusako Kawashima
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Albert A. Delia
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Albert Snyder
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Albert W. Florence
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Alejandra Tapia
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Alex Blueford
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Alexander Vasquez
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Alfred Gobeille
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Allen Ryan Alleyne
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner American Electric Power Company, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Amgen, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Anthony D. Elonis
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Antoine Bruce
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Arizona Free Enterprise Club'??s Freedom Club PAC, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Armarcion D. Henderson
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Arnold Schwarzenegger, Governor of the State of California and Edmnud G. Brown, Jr., Attorney General of the State of California
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Astra USA, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner AT&T Mobility, LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Avondale Lockhart
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Baker Botts, LLP
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Bank Markazi, the Central Bank of Iran
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Bank of America, N.A.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Barion Perry
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Billy Joe Reynolds
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Blaine Lafler
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner BNSF Railway Company
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner BNSF Railway Company
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Boeing Company
 

Reply brief for Petitioner Borough of Duryea, Pennsylvania
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Brandon Thomas Betterman
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Calvin Smith
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Carlos Rashad Gould
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Carolyn M. Kloeckner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Chantell Sackett and Michael Sackett
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Charles A. Rehberg
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Charles E. Harris, III
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Charles Fowler
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Charles L. Ryan, Director, Arizona Department of Corrections
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Chase Bank USA, N.A.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner China Agritech, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Cigna Corporation and Cigna Pension Plan
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner City and County of San Francisco, California
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner City of Los Angeles
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Clayvin Herrera
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Clayvin Herrera
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Clifton Terelle McNeill
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Cochise Consultancy, Inc. and the Parsons Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Commil USA, LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Commonwealth of Kentucky
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Commonwealth of Virginia, By its Office for Protection and Advocacy
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Compucredit Corporation and Synovous Bank
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Cory H. Hill
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Cory R. Maples
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Costco Wholesale Corp.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner County of Maui
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Coy A. Koontz, Jr.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner CPV Maryland, LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner CRST Van Expedited, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner CSX Transportation, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Cuozzo Speed Technologies, LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Curt Messerschmidt and Robert Lawrence
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Dan's City Used Cars, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Dana Roberts
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Daniel Coleman
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Danny Birchfield
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner David Anthony Taylor
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner David J. Kappos, Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner David Patchak
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Deborah K. Johnson, Acting Warden
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Delbert Williamson, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Denard Stokeling
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Denard Stokeling
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Dennys Rodriguez
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Donald Bullcoming
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Doretha H. Henderson, Authorized Representative of David L. Henderson Deceased
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Edward F. Maracich, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Edward G. McDonough
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Encino Motorcars, LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Eric Greene
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Eric H. Holder, Jr., Attorney General (10-1543)
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Eric L. Thompson
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Erica P. John Fund, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Erik Lindsey Hughes
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Evan Miller
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Evangelisto Ramos
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Fane Lozman
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Fane Lozman
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Federal Aviation Administration
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Federal Communications Commission, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Federal Communications Commission, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Federal Trade Commission
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner First American Financial Corporation, Successor in Interest to the First American Corporation and First American Title Insurance Company
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner for United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Fourth Estate Pub. Benefit Corp.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Fourth Estate Public Benefit Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Franchise Tax Board of the State of California
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Franchise Tax Board of the State of California
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Francis V. Lorenzo
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Francis V. Lorenzo
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Gale Garriott, in His Official Capacity as Director of Arizona Department of Revenue
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner General Dynamics Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Genesis Healthcare Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Gerald P. Mitchell
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Gilberto Garza, Jr.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Glen Scott Milner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Glenn Tibble
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Global-Tech Appliances, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Gloria Gail Kurns, Executrix of the Estate of George M. Corson, Deceased, and Frieda E. Jung Corson, Widow in Her Own Right
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Goodyear Luxembourg Tires, S.A., Goodyear Lastikleri, T.A.S., and Goodyear Dunlop Tires France, S.A.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Gregory Welch
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Halo Electronics, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Harry F. Connick, in his official capacity as District Attorney; Eric Dubelier, in his official capacity as Assistant District Attorney; James Williams, in his official capacity as Assistant District Attorney; Leon A. Cannizzaro, Jr., in his official capacity as District Attorney; Orleans Parish District Attorney'??s Office
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Harvey Leroy Sossamon III
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Henry Montgomery
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Henry W. Skinner
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Herman Gundy
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Home Depot U.S.A., Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Howard K. Stern, Executor of the Estate of Vicki Lynn Marshall
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Husky International Electronics, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner J. McIntyre Machinery LTD
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner James L. Kisor
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner James L. Kisor
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner James Walker, Warden, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Janus Capital Group
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Jason M. Ransom
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Jason Pepper
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Jeff Premo, Superintendent, Oregon State Penitentiary
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Jeffery Lee Chafin
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Jeffrey J. Heffernan
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Joel Judulang
 

Reply brief for Petitioner John Ashcroft
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner John McComish, Nancy McCain, and Tony Bouie
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner John Sturgeon
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner John Sturgeon
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner John Walker III
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Jonathan Edward Boyer
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Jorge Luna Torres
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Juan Smith
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Keith Smith and Shirley Sperlazza
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Kelly Harrington
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Ken L. Salazar, Secretary of the Interior, et al
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Kevan Brumfield
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Kevin Abbott
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Kevin Kasten
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Kevin Rotkiske
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Kingdomware Technologies, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Kouichi Taniguchi
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Kuntrell Jackson
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Lanell Williams-Yulee
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Lester Ray Nichols
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Los Angeles County, California
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Louis B. Bullard
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Luis Mariano Martinez
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Maetta Vance
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Marcus Sykes
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Margaret Minneci, Jonathan E. Akanno, Robert Spack, Bob D. Stiefer, and Becky Maness
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Marion Wilson
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Mark Janus
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Marvin D. Horne
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Marvin Green
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Match-E-Be-Nash-She-Wish Band of Pottawatomie Indians
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Matrixx Initiatives, Inc., et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Matthew Deschamps
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Menachem Binyamin Zivotofsky, by his parents and guardian, Ari Z andNaomi Siegman Zivotofsky
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Merit Management Group, LP
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Michael B. Kingsley
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Michael Beylund
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Michael Martel
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Michael Musacchio
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Michael N. Currier
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Michael Ross
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Michelle Ortiz
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Microsoft Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Mission Product Holdings, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Mission Product Holdings, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Moones Mellouli
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Mount Lemmon Fire District
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner National Aeronautics and Space Administration, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner National Labor Relations Board
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner National Meat Association
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Nevada Commission on Ethics
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner New Prime, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Noel Reyes Mata
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Nutraceutical Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Nutraceutical Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Ohio
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Orjaikor N. Isiogu, Monica Martinez, and Greg R. White, Commissioners of the Michigan Public Service Commission
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Paganis Vartelas
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Peggy Young
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Plivia, Inc, Teva Pharms, USA, Inc., and UDL Labs, Inc.,
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner PPL Montana, LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Republic of Sudan
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Return Mail, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Return Mail, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Richard E. Glossip
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Richard Mathis
 

Reply brief for Petitioner Ricky D. Fox
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Robert F. McDonnell
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Robert Montanile
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Rocky Dietz
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Ron Davis, Acting Warden
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Ruben Flores Villar
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Russell Bucklew
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Samuel James Johnson
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Samuel Ocasio
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Saul Molina-Martinez
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Sherry L. Burt
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Sila Luis
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Southern Union Company
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Spokeo, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Standard Fire Company
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner State of Arizona
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner State of Florida
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner State of Florida
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner State of Kansas
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner State of Michigan
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner State of Mississippi
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner State of Missouri
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner State of Utah
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Stephen Dominick McFadden
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Stephen Duncan
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Steve A. Filarsky
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Supap Kirtsaeng DBA Bluechristine99
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Talk America, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Tammy Foret Freeman
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Tennessee Wine and Spirits Retailers Association
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Tennessee Wine and Spirits Retailers Association
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Terance Gamble
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Terance Gamble
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Terrance Williams
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Terry Royal, Warden
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Terry Tibbals, Warden
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner the Dutra Group
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner the People of the State of Michigan
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Timothy Ivory Carpenter
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Timothy Lee Hurst
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Timothy Tyrone Foster
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Tony Henderson
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Tyson Foods, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner United States Army Corps of Engineers
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner United States of America
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner United States of America
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner United States of America
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Utility Air Regulatory Group
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Utility Air Regulatory Group
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Vincent Cullen, Acting Warden, California State Prison at San Quentin
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Vincent E. Staub
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.,
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Wellness International Network
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Wescley Fonseca Pereira
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Wescley Fonseca Pereira
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner WesternGeco LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Weyerhaeuser Company
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner William H. Sorrell, As Attorney General of the State of Vermont; Peter Shumlin, In His Capacity as Governor of the State of Vermont; and Douglas A. Racine, In His Capacity As Secretary of the Agency of Human Services of the State of Vermont
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner William Robert Bernard, Jr.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner Willie Gene Davis
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Air Wisonsin Airlines Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Alejandro Mayorkas, et al
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Alice Corporation PTY. Ltd.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, American Trucing Associations, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Atlantic Marine Construction Company, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, B&B Hardware, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Benjamin Robers
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, BG Group PLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Bill Schuette
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Carlos Trevino
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Comcast Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Comcast Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, County of Maui
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, CTS Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Daimler Chrysler AG
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, David Leon Riley
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Department of Homeland Security
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Direct Marketing Association
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Edward Lane
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Esther Kiobel Individually and on behalf of Her Late Husband, Dr. Barinem Kiobel, et al.Esther Kiobel
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Executive Benefits Insurance Agency
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Freddie Lee Hall
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Genovevo Salinas
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Giridhar C. Sekhar
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Gregory P. Warger
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Hana Financial, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Highmark, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Impression Products Inc. v. Lexmark International, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Integrity Staffing Solutions, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Jacqueline Hillman
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, John L. Yates
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Julie Heimeshoff
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Justus C. Rosemond
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Kathleen Sebelius
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Kevin Loughrin
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Kim Millbrook
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Larry Whitfield
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Lexmark International, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Limelight Networks, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Linda Metrish
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Mach Mining LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Manuel Jose Lozano
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Marcus Andrew Burrage
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Medtronic, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Menachem Binyamin Zivotofsky
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Mutual Pharmaceutical Company, inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Nautilus, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Nicholas Brady Heien
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Octane Fitness, LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Paula Petrella
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Pom Wonderful LLC
 

Reply Brief For Petitioner, Randy Curtis Bullock
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Randy White
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Retirement Plans Committee of IBM, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Robert Mitchell Jennings
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Sprint Communications Company
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, State of Kansas
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, State of Michigan
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Stephen Law
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, T-Mobile South LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Tarrant Regional Water District
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, The North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, The Republic of Argentina
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, the United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Town of Greece
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Unite Here Local 355
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, United States of America
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Vernon Hugh Bowman
 

Reply Brief for Petitioner, Walter Fernandez
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners - Henson v. Santander Consumer USA
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners - Maslenjack v. United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners - Turner v. United States; Overton v. United States
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Andrei Iancu, Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Animal Science Products, Inc., et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners April DeBoer, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Budha Ismail Jam, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Budha Ismail Jam, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners City of Arlington, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Cochise Consultancy, Inc. and the Parsons Corporation
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Conestoga Wood Specialties Corp. et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners David King, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Department of Health and Human Services, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Dollar General Corp. and Dolgencorp., LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Emulex Corporation, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Gary Thacker, et ux.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Governor Christopher J. Christie, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Gregory Bourke and Timothy Love
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners in 14-1418, 14-1453, and 14-1505
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners in 15-3, 15-105, 15-119, and 15-191
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners James Obergefell, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Jermaine Simmons, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners John F. Kerry, Secretary of State, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Joseph Jesner, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Lamps Plus, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Lamps Plus, Inc., et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Luis A. Nieves, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Lyndwood D. Hall and Brenda A. Hall
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Manhattan Community Access Corporation, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Mark J. Sheriff, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Mayo Clinic, and Regents of the University of Minnesota
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Melba Acosta-Febo, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Merrill Lynch, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Michael Shane Christopher and Frank Buchanan
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners National Institute of Family and Life Advocates, d/b/a NIFLA, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Nebraska, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Pastor Clyde Reed and Good News Community Church
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Radlax Gateway Hotel, LLC and Radlax Gateway Deck, LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Raymond J. Lucia and Raymond J. Lucia Companies, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Raymond J. Lucia and Raymond J. Lucia Companies, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Rebecca Friedrichs, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Richard Armstrong and Lisa Hettinger
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Rimini Street, Inc., and Seth Ravin
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Rimini Street, Inc., and Seth Ravin
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners RJR Nabisco, Inc., et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Russell Bruesewitz and Robalee Bruesewitz, Parents and Natural Guardians of Hannah Bruesewitz, a minor child, and In Their Own Right
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Stephen Kimble & Robert Michael Grabb
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Stephen L. Voisine and William E. Armstrong, III
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Stephen M. Shapiro, O. John Benisek, and Maria B. Pycha
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Stryker Corporation, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Theodore H. Frank, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Timothy D. Koons, Kenneth Jay Putensen, Randy Feauto, Esequiel Gutierrez, and Jose Manuel Gardea
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners United States, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Valeria Tanco, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Virgil D. "Gus" Reichle, Jr., Dan Doyle
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Virginia Uranium, Inc., et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners W. Kevin Hughes, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Whole Women's Health, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners Wisconsin Central Ltd.; Grand Trunk Western Railroad Company; and Illinois Central Railroad Company
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, ABC Inc. et al
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Adoptive Couple
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Agency for International Development, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Alabama Department of Revenue and Julie Magee
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, American Express Company, et al
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, American Lung Association
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Brandon C. Clark and Heidi K. Heffron-Clark
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Dart Cherokee Basin Operating Company, LLC, and Cherokee Basin Pipeline, LLC
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Department of Transportation, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Fifth Third Bancorp, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Halliburton
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Jackie Lawson and Jonathan Zang
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Jerome Nickols, Ryan Henry, and Beverly Buck
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Kathleen Sebelius, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Kerri and Brian Kaley
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Larry D. Jesinoski and Cheryle Jesinoski
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Lorenzo Prado Navarette and Jose Prado Navarette
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, M&G Polymers USA, LLC, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Marvin D. Horne, Et. Al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Marvn M. Brandt Revocable Trust and Marvin M. Brandt, Trustee
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, McBurney and Hurlbert
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Northwest, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Officer Vance Plumhoff, et al
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Pamela Harris, et al
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Ray Haluch Gravel Co., et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Retirement Plans Committee of IBM, et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Susan B. Anthony List, et. al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., et al.
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, The Association for Molecular Pathology, et al
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners, Tim Wood and Rob Savage
 

Reply Brief for Petitioners: Life Technologies Corporation v. Promega Corporation
 

Reply Brief for PetitionersJerry W. Gunn, Individually; Williams Squires & Wren, L.L.P.; James E. Wren, Individually; Slusser & Frost, L.L.P.; William C. Slusser, Individually; Slusser Wilson & Partridge, L.L.P.; and Michael E. Wilson, Individually
 

Reply Brief for Private Petitioners on Severability
 

Reply Brief for Puerto Rico Fiscal Agency and Financial Advisory Authority
 

Reply Brief for Respondent
 

Reply Brief for Respondent Aimee Stephens
 

Reply Brief for Respondent Comptel in Support of Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Respondent Edith Schlain Windsor
 

Reply Brief for Respondent Eric H. Holder, Attorney General
 

Reply Brief for Respondent Frazier Revitalization, Inc. in Support of Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Respondent International Brotherhood of Teamsters Local 760 in Support of Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for Respondent Kathleen M. Winn, et al., Supporting Petitioners Glenn Dennard, Luis Moscoso, and Arizona School Choice
 

Reply Brief for Respondent Luisa C. Valladolid
 

Reply Brief for Respondent Megan J. Brennan, Postmaster General
 

Reply Brief for Respondent Supporting Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Respondent United States
 

Reply Brief for Respondent United States
 

Reply Brief for Respondent United States
 

Reply Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Reply Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Reply Brief for Respondent, Susan Burrow
 

Reply Brief for Respondent, United States
 

Reply Brief for Respondent...s on Severability
 

Reply Brief for Respondents
 

Reply Brief for Respondents Calpine Corporation and Exelon Corporation in Support of Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Respondents Coalition for Responsible Regulation, Inc., Alpha Natural Resources, Inc., Great Northern Project Development, L.P., and National Cattlemen's Beef Association in Support of Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Respondents International Municipal Lawyers Association, et al., in Support of Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for Sandoz Inc.
 

Reply Brief for State Petitioners on Severability
 

Reply Brief for the American Legion Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for the Federal Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for the Federal Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner - Sergio Fernando Lagos
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Andrei Iancu, Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Bradley Weston Taggart
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Bradley Weston Taggart
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner City of Hays, Kansas
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Dennis Obduskey
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Dennis Obduskey
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Digital Realty Trust, Inc.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Gerald P. Mitchell
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Helsinn Healthcare S.A.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Helsinn Healthcare S.A.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Jamar Quarles
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Jamar Quarles
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Jason Mont
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Jon Husted, Ohio Secretary of State
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Lamar, Archer & Cofrin, LLP
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Laura Peter
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Rafael Arriaza Gonzalez
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Randall Mathena, Warden
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Richard Culbertson
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner SAS Institute Inc.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Sergio Fernando Lagos
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner State of Kansas
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner State of Kansas
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner State of Washington
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner United States
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner United States
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner United States
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner United States of America
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Upper Skagit Indian Tribe
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner Washington State Department of Licensing
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, Dennis Hollingsworth, et al
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, FTC
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, Gregory Houston Holt A/K/A Abdul Maalik Muhammad
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, Kathleen Sebelius, Secretary of Health and Human Services
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, Marvin Peugh
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, Maryland State Comptroller of the Treasury
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, Randall Mathena, Warden
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, Shelby County Alabama
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, State of Arizona
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, State of Maryland
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioner, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners Air and Liquid Systems Corp., et al.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners and Respondents Nebraska, Tennessee, and Texas
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners Department of Commerce, et al.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners Department of Commerce, et al.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners Emulex Corporation, et al.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners Henry Schein, Inc.
 

Reply brief for the Petitioners Henry Schein, Inc., et al.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners James Dawson and Elaine Dawson
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners Los Rovell Daha and Roosevelt Rico Dahda
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners, Donald J. Trump, et al.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners, Ellen Gelboim and Linda Zacher, Individually for Themselves and on Behalf of all Others Similarly Situated
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners, Jesus C. Hernandez, et al.
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners, Kellogg Brown & Root Services, Inc., Kbr Inc., Halliburton Company, and Service Employees International
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners, Kirstjen M. Nielsen
 

Reply Brief for the Petitioners, United States Department of Homeland Security, et al.
 

Reply Brief for the Respondent
 

Reply Brief for the Respondent
 

Reply Brief for the State Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for the States of New York, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Vermont, and the District of Columbia, and the Cities of Baltimore, Bridgeport, Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia as Respondents in Support of Petitioners
 

Reply Brief for the Tennessee Valley Authority as Respondent Supporting Petitioner
 

Reply Brief for the United States
 

Reply Brief for the United States
 

Reply Brief for the United States
 

Reply Brief for the United States
 

Reply Brief for the United States
 

Reply Brief for the United States
 

Reply Brief for the United States
 

Reply Brief for the United States - Abbott et al. v. Perez et al.
 

Reply Brief forPetitioner Andre Lee Coleman,aka Andre Lee Coleman-Bey
 

Reply Brief in Support of Certiorari
 

Reply Brief in Support of Certiorari
 

Reply Brief in Support of Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Reply Brief in Support of Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Reply Brief in Support of Petition for a Writ of Certiorari and Application for Stay of Execution
 

Reply Brief of Appellants O. John Benisek, Edmund Cueman, Jeremiah DeWolf, Charles W. Eyler, Jr., Kat O'Connor, Alonnie L. Ropp, and Sharon Strine
 

Reply Brief of Appellees' the Texas State Conference of Naacp Branches, et al., and Congresspersons Eddie Bernice Johnson, Sheila Jackson-Lee, and Alexander Green
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Adaucto Chavez-Meza
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Andre Martello Barton
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Apple Inc.
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Caraco Pharmaceutical Laboratories, LTD and Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, LTD
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Carol Anne Bond
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner CSX Transportation
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Erik Lindsey Hughes
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Florencio Rosales-Mireles
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Gerald Lynn Bostock
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Hamid Rehaif
 

Reply Brief of petitioner Home Depot U.S.A., Inc.
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Jason Mont
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Marcus D. Mims
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Michael J. Biestek
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Mount Lemmon Fire District
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner New Prime Inc.
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner North Carolina Department of Revenue
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Ricky Lee Smith
 

Reply brief of petitioner Schindler Elevator Corporation
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner South Dakota
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner State of Kansas
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner United States
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner United States of America
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner United States of America
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner Vernon Madison
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner, Board of Trustees of the LeLand Standford Junior University
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner, Howell v. Howell
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner, J.D.B.
 

Reply Brief of Petitioner, Michael D. Turner
 

Reply Brief of Petitioners Air and Liquid Systems Corp., et al.
 

Reply Brief of Petitioners Ashely Sveen and Antone Sveen
 

Reply Brief of Petitioners CITGO Asphalt Refining Company, et al.
 

Reply Brief of Petitioners CITGO Asphalt Refining Company, et al.
 

Reply Brief of Petitioners Gary Thacker, et ux.
 

Reply Brief of Petitioners Manhattan Community Access Corporation, et al.
 

Reply Brief of Petitioners Whole Woman's Health, et al.
 

Reply Brief of Private Respondents
 

Reply Brief of Respondent General Electric Co. in Support of Petitioners
 

Reply Brief of Respondent Mark Lee Dickson
 

Reply Brief of Respondent Penny Clarkston
 

Reply Brief of Respondent United States
 

Reply Brief of South Dakota - S. Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc. et al.
 

Reply Brief of the Dutra Group
 

Reply Brief On Jurisdiction for Respondent The Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Of The U.S. House of Representatives
 

Reply Brief on the Merits for Respondent the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group of the United States House of Representatives
 

Reply Brief on the Merits of Respondents Eric Jones and the Law Office of Eric A. Jones, LLC in Support of Petitioners
 

Reply Brief Petitioner Carol Howes
 

Reply Brieffor Petitioner the National Mining Association
 

Reply for Petitioner Food Marketing Institute
 

Reply for Petitioner Food Marketing Institute
 

Reply for Petitioner Gilberto Garza, Jr.
 

Reply for the Respondent Nancy A. Berryhill, Deputy Commissioner for Operations, Social Security Administration
 

Reply in Support of Motion
 

Reply in Support of Motion
 

Reply in Support of Motion for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument and for Expanded Argument
 

Reply in Support of Motion from Respondent
 

Reply in Support of Motion to Expedite and Opposition to Motions for an Extension
 

Reply in Support of Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Reply in Support of Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Reply in Support of Suggestion of Mootness
 

Reply of Presidential Electors Baca, et al.
 

Reply of Adam Samia Submitted
 

Reply of Appellant Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al.
 

Reply of Appellant Federal Election Commission
 

Reply of Appellant Senate Appellants
 

Reply of Appellants Greg Abbott, Governor of Texas, et al.
 

Reply of Applicant Coinbase, Inc.
 

Reply of Arizona, et al.
 

Reply of Arizona, et al. Submitted.
 

Reply of Ashot Yegiazaryan Submitted
 

Reply of Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC Submitted.
 

Reply of Barclays Capital Inc. Submitted
 

Reply of Bradley LeDure Submitted.
 

Reply of Carlos Concepcion Submitted.
 

Reply of Colorado Filed (as to 21-1484)
 

Reply of David Cassirer, et al. Submitted
 

Reply of David Dubin Submitted
 

Reply of Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al. Submitted.
 

Reply of Efrain Lora Submitted
 

Reply of Federal Parties
 

Reply of Government of Guam Submitted.
 

Reply of Hanna Karcho Polselli, et al. Submitted
 

Reply of Harold Shurtleff, et al. Submitted.
 

Reply of Helix Energy Solutions Group, Inc., et al. Submitted
 

Reply of HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC, et al. Submitted.
 

Reply of Industry Petitioners
 

Reply of Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, et al. Submitted
 

Reply of Leon Santos-Zacaria Submitted.
 

Reply of Macquarie Infrastructure Corp., et al. Submitted
 

Reply of Marietta Memorial Hospital Employee Health Benefit Plan, et al. Submitted.
 

Reply of Miguel Luna Perez Submitted
 

Reply of Oklahoma Submitted
 

Reply of PennEast Pipeline Company, LLC Submitted.
 

Reply of Petitioner Acheson Hotels, LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner Adam Samia
 

Reply of Petitioner Adaucto Chavez-Meza
 

Reply of Petitioner Adolfo R. Arellano
 

Reply of Petitioner Agusto Niz-Chavez
 

Reply of Petitioner Alexandru Bittner
 

Reply of Petitioner Alfred H. Siegel, Trustee of the Circuit City Stores, Inc. Liquidating Trust
 

Reply of Petitioner Americans for Prosperity Foundation
 

Reply of Petitioner Andrei Iancu
 

Reply of Petitioner Arizona, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioner Arthrex, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Arthur Gregory Lange
 

Reply of Petitioner Arthur Lomax
 

Reply of Petitioner Ashot Yegiazaryan
 

Reply of Petitioner Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC Filed (in 18-1587)
 

Reply of Petitioner Atlantic Richfield Co.
 

Reply of Petitioner Axon Enterprise, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Becerra, Xavier, Secretary of Health and Human Services
 

Reply of Petitioner Billy Raymond Counterman
 

Reply of Petitioner Boechler, P.C.
 

Reply of Petitioner Bradley LeDure
 

Reply of Petitioner Brett Jones
 

Reply of Petitioner Bridget Anne Kelly
 

Reply of Petitioner Cargill, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Cargill, Incorporated
 

Reply of Petitioner Carl J. Marinello, II
 

Reply of Petitioner Carlos Concepcion
 

Reply of Petitioner Carlos Vega
 

Reply of Petitioner Charles Borden, Jr.
 

Reply of Petitioner Charles Murphy
 

Reply of Petitioner CIC Services, LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner City of Austin
 

Reply of Petitioner City of Chicago
 

Reply of Petitioner City of San Antonio, Texas, on Behalf of Itself and All Other Similarly Situated Texas Municipalities
 

Reply of Petitioner Clemente A. Pereida
 

Reply of Petitioner CMB Monaco
 

Reply of Petitioner CMB Monaco
 

Reply of Petitioner Coinbase, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Colorado Department of State
 

Reply of Petitioner Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioner Damian McElrath
 

Reply of Petitioner Daniel Cameron, Attorney General of Kentucky
 

Reply of Petitioner Darrell Hemphill
 

Reply of Petitioner David Babcock
 

Reply of Petitioner David Dubin
 

Reply of Petitioner Department of Agriculture Rural Development Rural Housing Service
 

Reply of Petitioner Dex Media, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Dexter Earl Kemp
 

Reply of Petitioner Donald J. Trump
 

Reply of Petitioner Donald Trump
 

Reply of Petitioner Eddie Shular
 

Reply of Petitioner Edward A. Caniglia
 

Reply of Petitioner Efrain Lora
 

Reply of Petitioner Elsa Hall
 

Reply of Petitioner Encino Motorcars, LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner Erik Egbert
 

Reply of Petitioner Eugene Jackson
 

Reply of Petitioner Eugene Jackson (as to 22-6640)
 

Reply of Petitioner Facebook, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner FCC, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioner Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico
 

Reply of Petitioner Ford Motor Company
 

Reply of Petitioner Ford Motor Company
 

Reply of Petitioner GE Energy Power Conversion France SAS, Corp.
 

Reply of Petitioner George Sheetz
 

Reply of Petitioner Gerald E. Groff
 

Reply of Petitioner Geraldine Tyler
 

Reply of Petitioner Gianinna Gallardo
 

Reply of Petitioner Glacier Northwest, Inc., d/b/a CalPortland
 

Reply of Petitioner Gonzalo Holguin-Hernandez
 

Reply of Petitioner Gonzalo Holguin-Hernandez
 

Reply of Petitioner Google LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner Government of Guam
 

Reply of Petitioner Great Lakes Insurance SE
 

Reply of Petitioner Gregory Dean Banister
 

Reply of Petitioner Gregory Greer
 

Reply of Petitioner Halima Tariffa Culley
 

Reply of Petitioner Henry Schein, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Houston Community College System
 

Reply of Petitioner In Re Grand Jury
 

Reply of Petitioner Jack Daniel's Properties, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner James Erin McKinney
 

Reply of Petitioner James R. Rudisill
 

Reply of Petitioner Jane Cummings
 

Reply of Petitioner Janet L. Yellen, Secretary of the Treasury
 

Reply of Petitioner Jason Smith
 

Reply of Petitioner Jatonya Clayborn Muldrow
 

Reply of Petitioner Jean Francois Pugin
 

Reply of Petitioner Jimcy McGirt
 

Reply of Petitioner John C. Carney, Governor of Delaware
 

Reply of Petitioner John C. Carney, Governor of Delaware Filed (3/16/2020)
 

Reply of Petitioner John Montenegro Cruz
 

Reply of Petitioner John Ramirez
 

Reply of Petitioner Jose Santos Sanchez, et ux.
 

Reply of Petitioner Joseph A. Kennedy
 

Reply of Petitioner Joseph Percoco
 

Reply of Petitioner Joseph R. Biden, Jr., President of the United States, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioner Justin Rashaad Brown
 

Reply of Petitioner Justin Rashaad Brown (as to 22-6389)
 

Reply of Petitioner Kate Bartenwerfer
 

Reply of Petitioner Katherine K. Vidal, under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office
 

Reply of Petitioner Katherine K. Vidal, Under Secretary of Commerce Intellectual Property and Director, United States Patent and Trademark Office
 

Reply of Petitioner Keanu D. W. Ortiz
 

Reply of Petitioner Kevin Lindke
 

Reply of Petitioner Kevin R. George
 

Reply of Petitioner Laith G.Cox
 

Reply of Petitioner Land of Lincoln Mutual Health Insurance Company
 

Reply of Petitioner Land of Lincoln Mutual Health Insurance Company, an Illinois Nonprofit Mutual Insurance Company
 

Reply of Petitioner Larry Thompson
 

Reply of Petitioner Le Roy Torres
 

Reply of Petitioner Leon Santos-Zacaria
 

Reply of Petitioner Leslie Rutledge
 

Reply of Petitioner Leslie Rutledge, Attorney General of Arkansas
 

Reply of Petitioner Louis Ciminelli
 

Reply of Petitioner Mahanoy Area School District
 

Reply of Petitioner Maine Community Health Options
 

Reply of Petitioner Maine Community Health Options Filed (in 18-1023)
 

Reply of Petitioner Manfredo Salinas
 

Reply of Petitioner Marcus DeAngelo Jones
 

Reply of Petitioner Mark Brnovich, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioner Mark E. Pulsifer
 

Reply of Petitioner Merle Denezpi
 

Reply of Petitioner Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General
 

Reply of Petitioner Michael Nance
 

Reply of Petitioner Michelle Monasky
 

Reply of Petitioner Miguel Luna Perez
 

Reply of Petitioner Mike Brown, Acting Warden
 

Reply of Petitioner Minerva Surgical, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner MOAC Mall Holdings LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner Moda Health Plan, Inc. Filed (in 18-1028).
 

Reply of Petitioner Narkis Golan
 

Reply of Petitioner Nathan Van Buren
 

Reply of Petitioner National Collegiate Athletic Association
 

Reply of Petitioner National Collegiate Athletic Association Filed.(20-512)
 

Reply of Petitioner National Pork Producers Council, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioner Neil Dupree
 

Reply of Petitioner Nestle USA, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner New Jersey Thoroughbred Horsemen's Association, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Nicole A.Dalmazzi
 

Reply of Petitioner Nidal Khalid Nasrallah
 

Reply of Petitioner Noris Babb
 

Reply of Petitioner Office of the United States Trustee
 

Reply of Petitioner Oil States Energy Services, LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner Oklahoma
 

Reply of Petitioner Our Lady of Guadalupe School
 

Reply of Petitioner Parker Drilling Management Services, Ltd.
 

Reply of Petitioner Pedro Pablo Guerrero-Lasprilla
 

Reply of Petitioner Rebekah Gee, Secretary, Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals
 

Reply of Petitioner Robert L.McCoy
 

Reply of Petitioner Robert M. Wilkinson, Acting Attorney General
 

Reply of Petitioner Robert Mallory
 

Reply of Petitioner Robyn Morgan
 

Reply of Petitioner Rodney Reed
 

Reply of Petitioner Romag Fasteners, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Rose Mary Knick
 

Reply of Petitioner Roxanne Torres
 

Reply of Petitioner Ryan A. Collins
 

Reply of Petitioner Securites and Exchange Commission
 

Reply of Petitioner Seila Law LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner Shakeel Kahn
 

Reply of Petitioner Simon E. Rodriguez, as Chapter 7 Trustee for the Bankruptcy Estate of United Western Bancorp, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Situ Kamu Wilkinson
 

Reply of Petitioner Southwest Airlines Co.
 

Reply of Petitioner St. James School
 

Reply of Petitioner State of North Dakota
 

Reply of Petitioner Steven T. Mnuchin, Secretary of the Treasury
 

Reply of Petitioner Students for Fair Admissions, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Students for Fair Admissions, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Tarahrick Terry
 

Reply of Petitioner Terrence Byrd
 

Reply of Petitioner Texas
 

Reply of Petitioner the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner the Big Ten Conference, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner the Big Ten Conference, Inc. Filed. (in 20-520)
 

Reply of Petitioner the Little Sisters of the Poor Saints Peter and Paul Home
 

Reply of Petitioner the North American Coal Corporation
 

Reply of Petitioner Thedrick Edwards
 

Reply of Petitioner Thomas More Law Center
 

Reply of Petitioner Thryv, Inc., fka Dex Media, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Tim Shoop
 

Reply of Petitioner Tim Shoop, Warden
 

Reply of Petitioner Timothy J. Smith
 

Reply of Petitioner TransUnion LLC
 

Reply of Petitioner Trevor Murray
 

Reply of Petitioner Turkiye Halk Bankasi A.S.
 

Reply of Petitioner Twitter, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Unicolors, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Union Pacific Railroad Company
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States
 

Reply of Petitioner United States Forest Service, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioner United States of America
 

Reply of Petitioner United States of America
 

Reply of Petitioner United States, ex rel. Jesse Polansky, M.D., M.P.H.
 

Reply of Petitioner United States, Ex Rel. Thomas Proctor
 

Reply of Petitioner USA
 

Reply of Petitioner Viking River Cruises, Inc.
 

Reply of Petitioner Westmoreland Mining Holdings LLC
 

Reply of petitioner Weyerhaeuser Co. filed. (Distributed)
 

Reply of Petitioner William Dale Wooden
 

Reply of Petitioner William P. Barr, Attorney General
 

Reply of Petitioner William P. Barr, Attorney General
 

Reply of Petitioner Xiulu Ruan
 

Reply of Petitioner Xiulu Ruan Filed (in 20-1410).
 

Reply of Petitioners
 

Reply of Petitioners 303 Creative LLC, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Abitron Austria GmbH, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Agency for International Development, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Alaska Native Village Corporation Association, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Alaska Native Village Corporation Association, Inc., et al. Filed (in No. 20-544).
 

Reply of Petitioners Albence, Dir. of U.S. Immigration, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners AlixPartners, LLP and Mr. Simon Freakley Filed (in 21-518)
 

Reply of Petitioners AlixPartners, LLP, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners American Hospital Association, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners AMG Capital Management, LLC, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Amgen Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners April Hughes, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners April Hughes, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Arizona Republican Party, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Arizona, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Arizona, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners BP p.l.c., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners California, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Cedar Point Nursery, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Chad Brackeen, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Chad Brackeen, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Charles C. Liu, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Charles Moore, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Cherokee Nation, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Chike Uzuegbunam, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Christopher J. Christie, Governor of New Jersey, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Cyan, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners David Carson, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners David Cassirer, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners David Shinn, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Deb Haaland, Secretary of the Interior, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Department of Homeland Security, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Department of the Interior, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Donald J. Trump, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Douglas Brownback, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners FCC, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Federal Bureau of Investigation, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Federal Bureau of Investigation, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Federal Republic of Germany, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners FNU Tanzin, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Halima Tariffa Culley, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Hanna Karcho Polselli, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Harold Shurtleff, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Health and Hospital Corporation of Marion County, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Helix Energy Solutions Group, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Intel Corporation Investment Policy Committee, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners James J. Thole, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Jenny Rubin, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners John Davis, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners John J. Davis, Thomas Hilliard, Kimberly L. Iwan, Destiny M. Thurman Filed (in 20-105).
 

Reply of Petitioners Joseph R. Biden, Jr., President of the United States, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners June Medical Services L.L.C., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Kendra Espinoza, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Kirstjen M. Nielsen, Secretary of Homeland Security, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Larry Steven Wilkins, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Lucky Brands Dungarees, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Macquarie Infrastructure Corp., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Marietta Memorial Hospital Employee Health Benefit Plan, et al.
 

Reply of petitioners Masterpiece Cakeshop, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Matthew T. Albence, Acting Director of U.S. Immigration, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Michael Sackett, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Michelle O'Connor-Ratcliff, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Michelle O'Connor-Ratcliff, et al. Filed. (To be Recovered - Corrected Version Received and Distributed December 27, 2022)
 

Reply of Petitioners Moda Health Plan, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Monicah Okoba Opati, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners National Association of Broadcasters, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Pankajkumar S. Patel, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Patrick J. Collins, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners PDR Network, LLC, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners PennEast Pipeline Company, LLC
 

Reply of Petitioners Peter Bret Chiafalo, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Philip E. Berger, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Relentless, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Republic of Hungary, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Reynaldo Gonzalez, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Richard Devillier, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Sharonell Fulton, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Smith & Nephew, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners State of Georgia, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners State of West Virginia, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Steven T. Mnuchin, Secretary of the Treasury, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Tae D. Johnson, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners the Ohio Adjutant General's Department, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Thomas Dobbs, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Timothy Moore, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Tony H. Pham, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners United States Agency for International Development, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners United States Ex Rel. Tracy Schutte, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners United States Fish and Wildlife Service, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners United States Fish and Wildlife Service,, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners United States, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners William P. Barr, Attorney General, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Willie Earl Carr, et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners Ysleta del Sur Pueblo, the Tribal Council, the Tribal Governor Michael Silvas or His Successor
 

Reply of Petitioners ZF Automotive US, Inc., et al.
 

Reply of Petitioners ZF Automotive US, Inc., et al. Filed (in 21-401).
 

Reply of Relentless, Inc., et al. Submitted
 

Reply of Respondent Alain Kaloyeros in Support of Petitioner
 

Reply of Respondent Dewayne Hendrix, Warden to Brief of Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae in Support of the Judgment below
 

Reply of Respondent Federal Respondent
 

Reply of Respondent Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General
 

Reply of Respondent Merrick B. Garland, Attorney General
 

Reply of Respondent Michelle Cochran
 

Reply of Respondent State of California
 

Reply of Respondent Steven Aiello in Support of Petitioner
 

Reply of Respondent Union de Trabajadores de la Industria Electrica y Riego, Inc. ("UTIER") filed. VIDED
 

Reply of Respondent United States
 

Reply of Respondent United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Reply of Respondent William Baroni, Jr. in Support of Petitioner
 

Reply of Respondents Agents J. Stephen Tidwell and Barbara Walls in Support of Petitioners
 

Reply of Respondents Agents Paul Allen, Kevin Armstrong, and Pat Rose in Support of Reversal
 

Reply of Respondents Aurelius Investment, LLC, Aurelius Opportunities Fund, LLC, Lex Claims, LLC, Assured Guaranty Corp., and Assured Guaranty Municipal Corp.
 

Reply of Respondents Facebook, Inc., et al. Supporting Petitioner
 

Reply of Respondents Steven Aiello and Joseph Gerardi in Support of Petitioner
 

Reply of Richard Devillier, et al. Submitted
 

Reply of Shakeel Kahn Submitted.
 

Reply of Shakeel Kahn Submitted.
 

Reply of Southwest Airlines Co. Submitted.
 

Reply of Timothy J. Smith Submitted
 

Reply of TransUnion LLC Submitted.
 

Reply of Turkiye Halk Bankasi A.S. Submitted.
 

Reply on Motion to Intervene of Sheriff Brad Coe, et al.
 

Reply on Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Reply on Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Reply on Suggestion of Mootness Filed by Respondents Washington, et al.
 

Reply Supporting Jurisdictional Statement
 

Reply to Briefs in Opposition - State of Washington v. United States of America, et al.
 

Reply to Supplemental Brief for Respondent Kathleen M. Winn, et al. Regarding A Change In State Law
 

Reply to the Petitioner's Brief in Opposition to Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Reply to the State of Louisiana's Brief in Opposition
 

Reply to the United States' Brief in Opposition
 

ReplyBrief for Petitioner Lawrence Golan, et al.
 

ReplyBrief for Petitioner Toby Douglas, Director, Department of Health Care Services, State of California
 

ReplyBrief for Petitioners Oneok, Inc. et al.
 

Respondent Amy's Motion for Leave to File Supplemental Brief After Argument and Supplemental Brief after Argument
 

Respondent's Brief in Opposition
 

Respondent's Brief in Opposition
 

Respondent's Brief in Opposition to Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Respondent's Brief in Opposition to the Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Respondent's Brief in Support
 

Respondent's Motion for Appointment of Counsel
 

Respondent's Motion to Divide and Enlarge Oral Argument Time, and Response to the United States House of Representatives of Representatives' Motion to Participate in Oral Argument
 

Respondent's Opposition to the Application for a Stay
 

Respondent's Supplemental Brief
 

Respondent's Unopposed Motion to File a Sealed Appendix
 

Respondents Markle Interests, LLC; P&F Lumber Company 2000, LLC; and PF Monroe Properties, LLC's Reply Brief on the Merits
 

Respondents' Brief - Wayfair Inc., Overstock.com, Inc., and Newegg, Inc.
 

Respondents' Brief in Opposition
 

Respondents' Brief in Opposition to Petition for Writ of Certiorari - South Dakota v. Wayfair Inc., et al.
 

Respondents' Brief in Support of Petitioner on Behalf of Agrowstar, LLC; et al.
 

Respondents' Brief in Support of Petitioner on Behalf of Waterkeeper Alliance, Inc., Center for Biological Diversity, Center for Food Safety, Humboldt Baykeeper, Russian Riverkeeper, Monterey Coastkeeper, Snake River Waterkeeper, Inc., Upper Missouri Waterkeeper, Inc., Turtle Island Restoration Network, Inc., Sierra Club and Puget Sound Alliance
 

Respondents' Brief, Larry W. Jander, et al.
 

Respondents' Joint Motion for Divided Argument
 

Respondents' Lodging Material Received (including Redacted Declaration for Public Record and the Unredacted Sealed Declaration).
 

Respondents' Opposition to Emergency Application for Stay Pending Resolution of Direct Appeal to This Court
 

Respondents' Reply in Support of Suggestion of Mootness
 

Respondents' Second Supplemental Brief
 

Respondents' Supplemental Brief: David Jennings, et al., v. Alejandro Rodriguez, et al.
 

Respondents' Supplemental Reply Brief: David Jennings et al., v. Alejandro Rodriguez, et al.
 

Response in Opposition to Amici's Motion to Participate in Oral Argument and for Expanded Argument
 

Response in Opposition to Motion for Leave to Intervene from Petitioners United States, et al.
 

Response in Opposition to Respondents Suggestion of Mootness Filed by Petitioner United States
 

Response of Petitioners to Motion of Texas, et al. for Enlargement of Time for Oral Argument, for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument as Amicus Curiae and for Divided Argument
 

Response of the United States to Amici States' Motion for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument and for Expanded Argument
 

Response to Application (22A91) from Respondent Abraham Bielski
 

Response to Application from Erick Graham, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondent Argus Leader Media, D/B/A Argus Leader
 

Response to Application from Respondent Committee on Oversight and Reform of the U.S. House of Representatives
 

Response to Application from Respondent Common Cause
 

Response to Application from Respondent Donald J. Trump, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondent Donald J. Trump, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondent Ervine Davenport
 

Response to Application from Respondent Luxshare, Ltd.
 

Response to Application from Respondent Myra Brown, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondent Nancy Gimena Huisha-Huisha, et al.,
 

Response to Application from Respondent Rebekah Gee, Secretary, Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals
 

Response to Application from Respondent Texas
 

Response to Application from Respondents Committee on Financial Services of the U.S. House of Representatives, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondents Evan Milligan, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondents Hawaii, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondents Mark Lee Dickson, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondents Nebraska, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondents North Carolina League of Conservation Voters, Inc., et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondents Stephen Carlton, et al.
 

Response to Application from Respondents Texas, et al.
 

Response to Application from State Respondents
 

Response to Motion from Appellee New York, et al.
 

Response to Motion from Federal Respondents
 

Response to Motion from Petitioners New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc., et al.
 

Response to Motion from Respondent Neill Hurley and John Nantz Submitted.
 

Response to Motion from Respondent U.S. House of Representatives
 

Response to Motion from State Respondents
 

Response to Motion of Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation from Respondents Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, et al.
 

Response to Motion to Expedite from Respondent Abraham Bielski
 

Response to Motion to Expedite from Respondent Cecilia Polanco, et al.
 

Response to Motion to Expedite from Respondent the University of North Carolina et al.
 

Response to Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Response to Petition for Writ of Certiorari
 

Response to Petition for Writ of Certiorari before Judgment
 

Response to Petition from Respondent Arthrex, Inc.
 

Response to Petition from Respondent Arthrex, Inc.
 

Response to Petition from Respondent Jose Luis Vaello-Madero
 

Response to Petition from Respondent Simone Marstiller
 

Response to Petition from Respondent United States of America
 

Response to Petitioners' Motion to Expedite
 

Response to Suggestion of Mootness
 

Response to Suggestion of Mootness as to Coinbase, Inc. v. Suski, et al., Filed by Petitioner Coinbase, Inc..
 

Response to Suggestion of Mootness from Respondents Suski et al.
 

Response to the United States's Motion to Vacate and Remand with Directions to Dismiss as Moot
 

Rule 29.6 Corporate Disclosure Statement Filed with Respect to Brief in Opposition of Respondent Hetronic International
 

Second Supplemental Brief for Petitioner
 

Second Supplemental Brief for Petitioner Republic of Sudan
 

Second Supplemental Brief for Respondent R. Scott Appling
 

Self-Financing Candidates Congressman Bill Foster (Ret.), Congressman Alan Grayson (Ret.), Congressman Steve Kagen (Ret.), Governor Angus King (Ret.), Ned Lamont, Congressman Walt Minnick (Ret.), Congressman Jared Polis, and Congressman John Yarmuth in Support of Respondent
 

State Appellees' Motion to Dismiss
 

State Appellees' Response in Opposition to Appellants' Emergency Application for Stay Pending Resolution of Direct Appeal to This Court
 

State Misdemeanor Domestic Assault Convictions And 18 U.s.c. Sec. 922
 

State of Alabama's Opposition to Madison's Application for a Stay of Execution
 

Suggestion of Mootness as to Coinbase, Inc. v. Suski, et al., Filed by Respondent Abraham Bielski.
 

Suggestion of Mootness Filed by Respondent Bremerton School District
 

Suggestion of Mootness Filed by Respondent Deborah Laufer
 

Suggestion of Mootness Filed by Respondents City of New York, et al.
 

Suggestion of Mootness Filed by Respondents Washington, et al.
 

Supplemental Amici Curiae Brief of Indiana, et al.
 

Supplemental Amicus Curiae Brief of America First Legal Foundation
 

Supplemental Amicus Curiae Brief of American Civil Liberties Union in Support of Neither Party Filed
 

Supplemental Amicus Curiae Brief of National Immigrant Justice Center
 

Supplemental Amicus Curiae Brief of Public Citizen
 

Supplemental Appendix of Appellees Latino Redistricting Task Force, Mexican American Legislative Caucus and Shannon Perez, Et Al.
 

Supplemental Appendix to City Respondents' Brief on the Merits Filed (8/21/2020).
 

Supplemental Appendix to Respondents' Brief on the Merits Filed (Corrected Copies 8/9/19)
 

Supplemental Brief
 

Supplemental Brief for Ambassador David J. Scheffer, Northwestern University School of Law in Support of Petitioner
 

Supplemental Brief for Amicus Curiae Muscogee (Creek) Nation
 

Supplemental Brief for Appellants Alabama Legislative Black Caucus, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief for Appellees Alabama et al.
 

Supplemental Brief for Earthrights International in Support of Petitioner
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioner
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioner Clayvin Herrera
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioner Doyle Randall Paroline after Argument
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioner Fourth Estate Public Benefit Corporation
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioner Georgia-Pacific West, Inc., Hampton Tree Farms, Inc., Stimson Lumber Co., Swanson Group, Inc., American Forest & Paper Association, Oregon Forest Industries Council, & Tillamook County
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioner Kingdomware Technologies, Inc.
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioner Mike Carpenter, Interim Warden
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioner Samuel James Johnson
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioners
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioners
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioners
 

Supplemental Brief for Petitioners Animal Science Products, Inc., et al.
 

Supplemental brief for Petitioners Theodore H. Frank, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief for Resondent Carlos Martinez Guitierrez
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent Bayer Corporation
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent Cougar Den, Inc.
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent Dale Steager, WV State Tax Commissioner
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent Google LLC
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent Kathleen M. Winn, et al. Regarding Change in State Law
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent Patrick Dwayne Murphy
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent R. Scott Appling
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent Royal Dutch Petroleum Co., Shell Transport and Trading Company, PLC, and Shell Development Company of Nigeria, LTD
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent United States
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent Wyoming
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondent, City of Roswell, Georgia
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondents
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondents
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondents Amy Imburgia, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondents Doris Albrecht, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondents Hebei Welcome Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., et al.
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondents in Response to the Courts August 14, 2012 Order
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondents John Warren, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief for Respondents Talen Energy Marketing, LLC (f/k/a PPL EnergyPlus, LLC)
 

Supplemental Brief for the Petitioners: David Jennings, et al., v. Alejandro Rodriguez, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief for the Respondent ION Geophysical Corporation
 

Supplemental Brief for the Respondents Rick Harrison, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief for the United States
 

Supplemental Brief for the United States
 

Supplemental Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae in Support of Neither Party
 

Supplemental Brief for the United States in Support of Petitioner
 

Supplemental Brief for the United States of America as Amicus Curiae
 

Supplemental Brief for Volker Beck and Christoph Strasser, andMembers of Parliment of the Federal Republic of Germany in Support of Petitioner
 

Supplemental Brief in Support of Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
 

Supplemental Brief of American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae in Support of Respondents: David Jennings et al., v. Alejandro Rodriguez et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Amicus Curiae, Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioners: David Jennings et al., v. Alejandro Rodriguez, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Appellants Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Appellees Common Cause, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Appellees New York Immigration Coalition, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Appellees New York, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild and the Immigrant Legal Resource Center as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Atlantic Richfield Co.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Axon Enterprise, Inc.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Charles Borden, Jr.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Coinbase, Inc.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Eddie Shular
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Facebook, Inc.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Gerald Lynn Bostock
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Google LLC
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Jamar Quarles
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Le Roy Torres
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Mark E. Pulsifer
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Miguel Luna Perez
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Nestle USA, Inc.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Romag Fasteners, Inc.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Students for Fair Admissions, Inc.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioner Thomas More Law Center
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners 303 Creative LLC, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners Abitron Austria GmbH, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners AMG Capital Management, LLC, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners Amgen Inc., et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners April Hughes, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners David Carson, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners Department of Homeland Security, et al. filed. (11/28/2018)
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners Joseph R. Biden, Jr., President of the United States, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners Michelle O'Connor-Ratcliff and T.J. Zane
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners Republic of Hungary, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners Richard Devillier, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners Thomas Dobbs, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Petitioners ZF Automotive US, Inc., et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent Abraham Bielski
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent Hetronic International, Inc.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent Mayor and City Council of Baltimore
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent Noah Duguid
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent Pharmaceutical Care Management Association
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent Premier Rehab Keller, P.L.L.C.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent President and Fellows of Harvard College
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent Texas
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent Xavier Becerra
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondent Xavier Becerra, in His Official Capacity as the Attorney General of California
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Alan Philipp, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Aubrey Elenis, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents City of St. Louis, Missouri, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents David Suski, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Jackson Women's Health Organization, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Jackson Women's Health Organization, et al. Filed (33.1 Format).
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Northwestern University, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Republic of Sudan, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Robert Strom, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Simon, Rosalie, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents State of New Jersey; NJ Department of Environmental Protection, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Sturgis Public Schools, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents SuperValu, Inc., et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents Texas, et al.
 

Supplemental Brief of Respondents U.S. Bank, N.A., et al.
 

Supplemental Briefs of Respondents Ramiro Garcia, et al.
 

Supplemental Joint Appendix
 

Supplemental Joint Appendix for Appellees Texas Latino Redistricting Task Force and Mexican American Legislative Caucus, and Shannon Perez
 

Supplemental Joint Appendix to Docket No. 17-432
 

Supplemental Letter Brief for theUnited States
 

Supplemental Letter Brief of petitioner Noris Babb
 

Supplemental Letter Brief of Petitioners Donald J. Trump, et al.
 

Supplemental Letter Brief of Respondent Robert Wilkie, Secretary of Veterans Affairs
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Amicus Curiae Muscogee (Creek) Nation
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Petitioner Kingdomware Technologies, Inc.
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Petitioner Mike Carpenter, Interim Warden
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Petitioner Samuel James Johnson
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Petitioner, Esther Kiobel Individually and on behalf of Her Late Husband, Dr. Barinem Kiobel, et al.
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Petitioners
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Respondent Google LLC
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Respondent Patrick Dwayne Murphy
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Respondent United States of America
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for Respondents
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for the Petitioners: David Jennings et al., v. Alejandro Rodriguez, et al.
 

Supplemental Reply Brief for the United States as Amicus Curiae
 

Supplemental Reply Brief of Petitioners
 

Supplemental Reply Brief of Petitioners Joseph R. Biden, Jr., President of the United States, et al.
 

Supplemental Reply Brief of United States as Amicus Curiae Supporting Neither Party
 

Supplemental Reply for Respondents of Texas Submitted
 

Supplemental Response of the Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, et al. filed in support of the Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation Motion for Divided Argument.
 

Supplental Brief for Genocide Victims of Krajina in Support of Petitioner
 

Third supplemental Brief of Petitioner Denard Stokeling
 

United States Attorney, District of North DakotaBrief for National Congress of American Indians in Support of Petitioner
 

United States' Supplemental Brief Letter
 

Unopposed Application Directed to the Honorable Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. for Extension of Time to File Reply Brief on the Merits
 

Unopposed Application for Extension of Time to File Reply Brief on Merits
 

Unopposed Application of Petitioner to Extend the Time to File a Reply Brief on the Merits
 

Unopposed Application of Respondents for Leave to File a Consolidated Brief on the Merits in Excess of the Word Limit
 

Unopposed Application to Extend the Time to File a Reply Brief on the Merits
 

Unopposed Motion for 30-Day Extension of Time to File Joint Appendix
 

Unopposed Motion for Leave to Dispense with Preparation of Joint Appendix
 

Unopposed Motion for Leave to Participate in Oral Argument and for Divided Argument
 

Waiver of Right of Respondent Securities and Exchange Commission to Respond
 

Waiver of Right of Respondents John Doe I, et al. to Respond
 

Water Splash, Inc. v. Tara Menon
 

What Standard Should The Patent Trial And Appeal Board Apply In Interpreting Patent Claims During Inter Partes Review: Is The Institution Of Inter Partes Review Ever Appealable
 

When Can Courts Review Agency Decisions About The Jurisdictional Reach Of The Clean Water Act
 

When Does Section 27 Of The Securities Exchange Act Of 1934 Vest Federal Courts With Exclusive Jurisdiction To Address State-law Claims That Implicate The Exchange Act Or Its Regulations
 

When Is A Judgment A Judgment: What Is Necessary To Trigger The Judgment Bar Provision Of The Federal Tort Claims Act's Sec. 2676
 

Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation in Support of Respondent
 

Your Friendly Neighborhood Patent License: Should Royalty Payments Based On Postexpiration Use Be Per Se Unenforceable: Kimble V. Marvel Enterprises, Inc.